EFFECT OF STORAGE CONDITION AND PACKAGING MATERIAL ON INCIDENCE OF STORAGE FUNGI AND SEED QUALITY OF MAIZE GRAINS
Y.
Shabana
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, MansouraUniversity, El-Mansoura, Egypt.
author
N.
Ghazy
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural ResearchCenter, Giza, Egypt.
author
S.
Tolba
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural ResearchCenter, Giza, Egypt.
author
E.
Fayzalla
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, MansouraUniversity, El-Mansoura, Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
In general, the highest frequency of seed-associated fungi was A. niger and A. flavus, followed by Fusariumspp. and Alternaria spp., and then Penicilliumspp. and Rhizopusstolonifer. The storage temperature has no effect on the incidence of Alternariasp., Fusarium sp., Penicilliumsp., and R. stolonifer, while it has a significant effect on A. flavus and A. niger. The best storage conditions for avoiding A. flavus incidence on maize grains were storage in refrigerator (10ºC) in packages made from cotton cloth, high- or low-density polyethylene whereas the least incidence of this hazardous fungus was recorded (0.10%). Generally, storage in refrigerator (10ºC) in packages made from low-density polyethylene was favorable against grain contamination/infection with all storage fungi that may cause seed rot of maize. Storage of maize grain in cold conditions (10oC) caused a significant increase in kernel weight and seed germination while decreased seed moisture content regardless of the packaging material (with an exception with woven polyethylene as packaging material on seed germination) comparing with storage in room conditions. In general, the paper packaging material was favored for all grain quality parameters when grains are stored in cold conditions, whereas it recorded the highest kernel weight (34.86 g) and seed germination (100%) and moderate grain moisture content (8.33%). Under room conditions, grains stored in cotton+polyethylene packages had the highest oil and protein contents (19.67 and 26.20%, respectively).
In conclusion, this study recommends storing maize grains at low temperature inside packages made of low-density polyethylene in order to preserve the vitality of seeds and keep oil content at high levels in addition to reducing the incidence of storage fungi especially those producing mycotoxins/aflatoxins to maintain public health.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
987
996
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74662_e97725ad0b7b2db330be2b99b0e6c8ce.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74662
GENETICS OF ADULT-PLANT STEM RUST RESISTANCE IN SIX EGYPTIAN BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS
M.
Abdalla
Plant Pathology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt
author
Walaa
Tawfik
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki Giza, Egypt.
author
A.
Hagras
Wheat Research Department, FCRI, ARC, Egypt
author
Nadia
Mohamed
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki Giza, Egypt.
author
A.
Ghanim
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt.
author
S.
Negm
Wheat Disease Research Department, PPRI, ARC, Egypt
author
O.
El-Sayed
Wheat Disease Research Department, PPRI, ARC, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
This investigation was carried out to identify stem rust resistance genes in the six Egyptian bread wheat cultivars Sakha 93, Sids 1, Gemmeiza 10, Gemmeiza 11, Misr 1 and Misr 2. F1 seed were developedfrom the crosses between the six wheat cultivars and each of the wheat monogenic lines of Sr 11, Sr 32, Sr 33 and Sr 40 in 2012/2013 season. In the next season, 2013/2014, F2 plants were tested under field conditions after artificial inoculation with a mixture of stem rust physiological races at Sids Agricultural Research Station, ARC, Egypt. Chi-square test was used to test the fitness of segregation in F2 plants for each cross to the expected ratios. Out of the six wheat cultivars, the two cultivars Sids 1 and Gemmeiza 10 showed no or negligible segregations in F2 crosses between them and each of the four stem rust monogenic lines. All or majority of F2 plants showed resistant type of reaction to stem rust under field conditions indicating that both cultivars expected to carry Sr 11, Sr 32, Sr 33 and Sr 40 adult-plant stem rust resistance genes. On the other hand, the remaining four wheat cultivars, Sakha 93, Gemmeiza 11, Misr 1 and Misr 2 showed significant segregation in their F2 crosses with the monogenic lines. Segregations among F2 plants were toward resistance in the crosses with the two cultivars Sakha 93 and Gemmeiza 11 while it was toward susceptibility in the crosses with the two cultivars Misr 1 and Misr 2. Resistance found to be dominant over susceptibility in the crosses between the two cultivars Sakha 93 and Gemmeiza 11 and the monogenic lines except for the cross Sakha 93 x Sr 32. Meanwhile, susceptibility was dominant over resistance in the crosses between the two cultivars Misr 1 and Misr 2 and the monogenic lines. The results of this study indicate the importance of the two Egyptian bread wheat cultivars Sids 1 and Gemmeiza 10 as a source of adult-plant stem rust resistance genes which could be utilized in wheat breeding program for improving stem rust resistance in Egypt.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
997
1006
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74664_54a69863603fc7117701a78e067dad58.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74664
RESIDUES OF CHLORPYRIFOS AND PROFENOFOS ON GREEN BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) AND SQUASH (Cucurbita pepo, L.) FRUITS AND THEIR SIDE EFFECT ON SOME QUALITY PROPERTIES
Reham
AbdEl-Fatah
Insecticide Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
A.
Saleh
Insecticide Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
Laila
Elgohary
Insecticide Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
Salwa
Negm
Insecticide Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
The residue levels of the two organophosphorus insecticides, Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos in fruits of green bean and squash in relation to their side effect on some internal quality properties were studied. The results showed that 10, 14 and 7, 14 days after application on green bean and squash is enough to reduce the Chlorpyrifos and Profenofos residues, respectively below the maximum residue limits (MRL). However, Chlorpyrifos appared to have relatively longer persistence with t1/2 of 2.88 and 1.50 days than Profenofos with 1.20 and 0.85 days on green bean and squash fruits, respectively. As for the internal quality parameters of green bean, Chlorpyrifos treatment was significantly decreased the total soluble sugars, % acidity, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), total nitrogen content, crude protein, total soluble solids (T.S.S.), β-carotene and total crude fats content. The Profenofos treatment was significantly decreased the total soluble sugars, % acidity, total soluble solids (T.S.S.), β-carotene and total crude fats content while it was not significantly decreased ascorbic acid (vitamin C), total nitrogen content and crude protein content. Both insecticide residues significantly decreased the total soluble sugars, % acidity, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), total nitrogen content, crude protein, total soluble solids (T.S.S.), β-carotene and total crude fats content in squash fruit.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1007
1018
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74669_cae1058408507294216a3f84fdf586fe.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74669
BIOLOGY OF THE PREDAEOUS MITE Cheyletus eruditus (SCHRANK) (ACARI: CHEYLETIDAE) WHEN FED ON THE ASTIGMATID MITE Acarus siro (OUDEMANS) AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
Karima
Metwalley
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University.
author
M.
El-Naggar
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza
author
F.
Abou Senna
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University.
author
Wedad
Atwa
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University.
author
Zeinab
Mahgoub
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza
author
text
article
2015
eng
The mite species Cheyletus eruditus was reared on eggs and immatures of the acarid mite, Acarus siro (Oudemans) at 20 and 30 °C. All biological aspects of the predator were significantly affected by the temperature. The incubation period, life cycle and longevity of males and females were significantly increased when the cheyletid mite fed on A.siro eggs at 20 ºC. in comparison with 30 ºC. Incubation period of C. eruditus significantly differed between the male and female and further more between the different temperature degrees. The longest incubation period recorded when the males fed on the immature of A .siro 8.3 days at 20 °C and the shortest period 4.4 days when the male fed on eggs of A. siro at 30 °C. The female life cycle durated 30.7 and 19.1 days on eggs of A.siro at 20 and 30°C, respectively, changed to 24.8 and 14.4 days when the males fed on the same prey, respectively, On the other hand, when the immatures of A. siro were used, C. eruditus life cycle lasted 32.6, 24.7; 19.9 and 15.1 days for the females and males, respectively. The adult female longevity of C. eruditus differed and reached to the highest level when fed on eggs of A. siro at 20 °C recorded 42.9 days and showed the shortest period when the males fed on immature stages of A.siro (14.0 days).The generation period of C. eruditus female durated 36.1 and 21.2 days when fed on eggs of A.siro at 20 and 30 °C, changed to recorded 36.6 and 22.5 days when the mites fed on immature stages of A.siro. Fecundity was significantly higher when the female fed on eggs of A.siro record 49.92 eggs at 30 °C and decreased to recorded the lowest number of deposited eggs at 20 °C when the females fed on immature stages of A.siro (33.0 eggs). During the longevity and life span of C. eruditus females, the mites consumed 282.7 and 344.8 eggs of A.siro at 20 C respectvely, changed to record 130.7 and 147 eggs of A. siro in case of male individuals at the same temperature. While at the female consumed 236.0 and 268.0 immatures of A.siro and male consumed 150 and 158 immatures of A.siro at the same temperature. When eggs of A. siro introduced as prey for C. eruditus at 30 0C, the female of the predator consumed 340.5 and 436 and males consumed 220 and 247 eggs during longevity and life span, changed to record 315.0 and 387 immatures of A.siro in case of adult female of the predator and 150 and 163.6 immatures in case of male individuals in the same temprature.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1019
1027
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74675_fd799a629ff6e71bb00a0e80c010a670.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74675
EVALUATION OF SOME EGYPTIAN COTTON (Gossypium barbadense L.) VARIETIES AGAINST Fusarium ROOT-ROT UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION
Fathia
El-Shoraky
Plant Pathol. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt.
author
Abeer
Makhlouf
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufiya University, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
Cotton breeders in Egypt pay a great attention to development hybrids has resistance to several diseases and pests and give good yield. Pathogenicity tests of four Fusarium species ,namely: Fusarium poae; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium subglutinane and Fusarium solani (isolated from diseased cotton seedling). The diseases evaluation had spot line on the susceptibility of thirteen cultivars of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.), including Giza45, Giza70, Giza80, Giza81x83, Giza83, Giza84, Giza85, Giza86, Giza87, Giza88, Giza89, Giza86x89 and Giza90 under greenhouse conditions. The obtained results revealed that at least every cultivar was resistant for one of Fusarium spices. Giza85 was the most susceptible cultivars (26.67; 40; 13.33 and 40 %, respectively) pre-emergence% for all tested Fusarium species. At the same time, Giza88 recorded resistance reaction ( 0.0; 6.67; 20 and 6.67% respectively). Fusarium oxysporum was the most pathogenic species (25.64% seedling death) followed by Fusarium solani and Fusarium poae (18.46 and 17.95%, respectively). The minimum incidence was noted in Fusarium subglutinane (9.74%), compared to 2.56% in check treat.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1029
1039
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74676_16e75c0e3193796b4f0d1982b18c163b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74676
STUDIES ON SOME MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF Monacha cartusiana SNAIL UNDR LABORATORY CONDITIONS AT SHARKIA GOVERNORATE
H.
Lokma
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
A.
Hegab
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
Amal
Abdel-Rhaman
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
Characteristic of size (shell diameter and shell high) of Monacha cartusiana snail were studied during the growing season in the period from October 2009 up to may 2010 under laboratory conditions the results obtained can be summarized as the following:
a) Shell diameter
The highest number was 68 individuals with the shell diameter of 12- 12.18 mm during November 2009. While, the lowest number was 9 individuals. During activity season 2009/2010 the total numbers of shell diameter with measurement of 11- 11.18mm were 247 individuals followed by 246 and 218 individuals measurement of 12-12.18 and 9-9.18mm, respectively.
b) shell high
The highest total of number for shell high with measurement of 6.14- 6.18 mm. were 546 individuals followed by 318 individual of measurement 6.1-6.12mm. On the other hand, the lowest total of number for shell high with measurement of 2.20- 3.00 mm. were 22 individuals. The highest number was 130 individuals with the shell high of 6.14-6.18mm during November 2009. While, the lowest number was only one individual with the shell high of 4.12-4.18mm. Also, the results revealed that the individuals with shell diameter of measurement 9-9.18, 10-10.18, 12-12.18 and 13-13.18mm were highly during April 2010, December and November 2009, respectively. Regarding shell high in all studied months the individuals were appeared with different levels in the numbers.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1041
1048
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74678_c4918fd396583712bee270372034b5f3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74678
BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND HEAT REQUIREMENTS FOR Coccinella undecimpunctata – Sitobion avenae AND Coccinella 9-punctata – Aphis craccivora FEEDING SYSTEMS AT VARYING TEMPERATURE REGIMES
M.
Bayoumy
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University,
author
A.
Abou-Elnaga
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University,
author
A. A. Ghanim
A. A. Ghanim
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University,
author
Gh.
Mashhoot
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University,
author
text
article
2015
eng
Laboratory experiments were carried out to examine some biological characteristics and heat requirements of the two coccinellid species; viz. Coccinella undecimpunctata L. and Coccinella 9-punctata L. (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) when reared on Sitobionavenae(F.)and Aphis craccivora Koch (Aphididae: Hemiptera)at varying constant temperature regimes of 18, 23, 28, and 33 ˚C, respectively. The obtained results showed that the developmental time of C. undecimpunctataand C. 9-punctataimmature stages declined as temperature degrees increased with the shortest developmental time was recorded at 33 ˚C which lasted 15.29 ± 0.98 and 14.00 ± 1.35 days, respectively. Daily larval consumption increased as both temperature and larval age increased with the highest consumption for the fourth instars at 33 ˚C which recorded by 99.71 ± 14.49 and 105.40 ± 10.54 for C. undecimpunctata and C. 9-punctata, respectively. Female and male longevities for both predator species increased as temperature decreased, whereas the females’ fecundity increased as temperature increased. Furthermore, the total consumption of female and male of both species increased as temperature increased with the highest consumption recorded during the oviposition period. The total consumption of females was higher than that of males for both predator species, and the corresponding daily consumption values were higher for females than those of males at varying temperatures. The developmental rates for all stages of both species declined as temperature decreased. The lower developmental threshold (T0) recorded the lowest for pupal and larval stages of C.undecimpunctata and C.-9 punctata, respectively. The corresponding amount of heat units which required to completing the development of C. undecimpunctata and C. 9-punctata averaged 380.73± 27.71 and 363.83 ± 14.44dd’s, respectively.This study showed that C. undecimpunctata and C. 9-punctatasuccessfully complete their development in a wide range of temperatures from 18 to 33 ˚C, indicating their high potential for use in biological control programs against S. avenaeand A. craccivora, respectively.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1049
1065
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74682_24e15d0170150ecc8a04251f3338ae09.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74682
POST-EMERGENT HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY OF MONOTERPENES ON COMMON PURSLANE, Portulaca oleracea
Mona
Saada
Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
author
Neama
Goudab
Faculty of Environmental Desert and Agriculture, Fuka Branch, Alexandria University, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
The post-emergent herbicidal activity of eight monoterpenes, namely camphor, (R)-carvone, 1,8-cineole, cuminaldehyde, (S)-fenchone, geraniol, (S)-limonene and (R)-linalool was evaluated against Portulaca oleracea (L.) under glasshouse conditions at 1 and 2% concentration. Results were taken after 5 days of foliar applications. The effect of monoterpenes on chlorophyll contents and total phenolic compounds was also examined at 0.5 and 1% concentrations. All the tested monoterpenes reduced fresh, dry weights and reduced shoot growth of the weed. At 1%, cuminaldehyde caused the highest reduction of 97.4, 92.0 and 74.7% on fresh and dry weights, and shoot length, respectively and geraniol caused 94.1, 90.0 and 72.4 % reductions on fresh, dry weights, and shoot length, respectively. Moreover, cuminaldehyde and geraniol caused complete burning of the plant and complete reduction 100% of fresh weight, dry weight and shoot length at 2%. In contrary, camphor caused the lowest reduction of fresh, dry weight, and shoot length at both concentrations whereas the reduction reached 32.6, 34.6 and 14.8% at 1%, and 63.1, 62.8 and 33.6% at 2%, respectively. The tested monoterpenes showed significant reduction of both chlorophyll a and b contents and phenolic compounds at concentration of 0.5 and 1%, this indicated that monoterpenes may cause adverse effect on photosynthesis and weed metabolism.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1067
1076
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74684_9291e12c68a703a70828777acbf9a358.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74684
INTEGRATED CONTROL OF Etiella zinckenlla INFECTED COWPEA IN UPPER EGYPT AND ITS EFFECT ON PRODUCTIVITY.
M.
Mohamed
Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
M.
Abd El-Hady
Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
W.
El- Hadary
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
Field studies were conducted at Shandweel Agricultural Research Station (Sohag Governorate) to evaluate the integration program which include varietal tolerancy of three cowpea cultivars (Kaha-1, Cream-7 and Dokki-126) against the infestation with E. zinckenella, also, the effect of Trichogramma evanescans, the use Neem extract and Lannate insecticides.
The release of egg parasitoid T. evanescans at rat of 30.000 wasps/fed. in cawopea fawned significantly with the Neem in the infested pods and infested seeds. The %infested pods clearly decreased after application of these considered treatments with about 69.21, 75.96 and 75.13% when used Trichogramma wips, but these results in Neem about 57.50, 54.55 and 64.93%, respectively, however, the results were about 72.62, 74.18 and 73.56%, respectively when used Lannate compared with the control, in the first season. Insignificant differences in %infested pods were observed between the three cultivars. No significant differences were found in percent reduction of %infested pods, infested seeds and number of larvae/pods between cowpea plants treated with Trichogramma and those treated with Lannate insecticide. Could be recommended relesease of egg parasitoid T. evanescens to control agents against E. zinckenella.
Correlation studies showed highly negative significant among percentage infected pods and seeds traits and each of number of pods/plant, weight of pods/plant, weight of seeds/plant, 100-seeds weight and dry seeds yield/fed., but, it was positive insignificant with number of branches/plant, in the both seasons.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1077
1087
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74686_2a89a87da533504478c74a5d806f0bbb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74686
STUDIES ON THE POPULATION DENSITIES OF CERTAIN INSECT PESTS ATTACKING GRAPEVINE TREES AND THEIR ASSOCIATED PREDATORS AT MANSOURA DISTRICT
A.
Ghanim
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansura University, Egypt.
author
A.
Abou-El-naga
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansura University, Egypt.
author
Hala
El-Serafi
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansura University, Egypt.
author
A.
Jabbar
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansura University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
The present investigation was carried out in the farm of AgricultureResearchCenter , Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura
University to study the effect of some weather factors on the population density of per certain insect pests infesting grapevine trees and their associated predators during the successive seasons of 2014 and 2015 at Mansoura district. The obtained results revealed that four peaks for Retithrips syriacus Manget season were recorded during the period of study. The highest number for this insect was recorded in the second week of August in the two seasons of study. There were four peaks per season for Empoasca lybica deBerg during the period of investigation. The highest number of E. lybica was recorded in the first and third week of June during the two seasons of study. The obtained results showed that four peaks for Empoasca discipiens Paoliwere recorded during the period of study. the highest number for this insect was recorded in the third week of July and in the third week of August during the first and second season of study. Data recorded three peaks for Lobisia botrana Schift during the two seasons of study, and the highest number was recorded in the third week of June in the first season and in the first week of July in the second season of study. There were three peaks for Chryptoblabs. Gnidiella Millerin the two seasons of study the highest number was recorded in the third week of Jun in the two season of study , The obtained result assured that three peaks for Cydonia vicina nilotica Mulsin the two seasons of study. The highest number for this insect was recorded in the second week of May in the first season 2014 and in the first week of August in the second season of study. The obtained results revealed that there were four peaks for Coccinella undecimpunctata in the two seasons of study,and the highest number for this insect was recorded in the second week of May in the first season and in the third week of August in the second season of study. There were three peaks for Cydonia vicina isis in the two seasons of study. The highest number for this insect was recorded in the third week of Jun in the first season and in the first week of August in the second season of study. The obtained result assured that the temperature (maximum, minimum and average) positively affected on the population density of the most main insect species except C. gnidiella during the two seasons of study. The relative humidity affected negatively on the population density of these insects .the statistical correlation coefficient between the population density of predatory insects and the temperature and relative humidity showed a highly or slightly significant positive or negatively effect on population density of these insects during the two seasons of study.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1089
1104
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74710_b6d132d18499d877e6a2e976b160026b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74710
BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE TRUE SPIDER Latrodectus geometricus KOCH 1841(ARANEAE: THERIDIIDAE) FEEDING ON DIFFERENT PREY UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
M.
Mohafez
Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
This study was conducted to rear the spider Latrodectus geometricus Koch, 1841 (Theridiidae) when fed on different prey under laboratory conditions. The biological aspects including, 1-mating, 2-oviposition, 3-development, 4-adult longevity 5-lifecycle, 6-moulting, and 7-predation efficiency were carried out. Male and female pass through four and eight immature stages (spiderlings) respectively before reaching adult stage with the life cycle averaged 91.15 & 198.57 days respectively at 25 oC. and relative humidity of 70-80 %. Obtained data also showed that the first and second spiderling consumed the largest number of red spider (Tetranychus urticae), both to sexes spiders, while the third and fourth spiderling fed on the Drosophila melanogaster. From fifth spiderlings two adult; the individuals fed on the different stage from larvae Spodopetra lettrolaris for males and females. However, the longevity periods of the spider lasted 25.4. and 171 39.71 days for male and female.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1105
1113
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74711_6d642c07f99ce9a55b971f8c215a1318.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74711
EFFICACY AND PERSISTENCE OF SPINETORAM AGAINST THREE STORED PRODUCT INSECT PESTS
M.
Nasr
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
The efficacy and the residual toxicity of spinetoram insecticide were evaluated in the laboratory at 26 ± 2°C and 60 ± 5RH against the adults of three insect species of stored products i.e., the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.), the lesser grain borer Rhizopertha dominica (F.) and the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.). The obtained results showed that, the toxicity of spinetoram to the adults of the three insect species was concentration and exposure period - dependent.
The susceptibility of the insects varied from insect species to another. R. dominica adults were the most sensitive species, a complete mortality was achieved at 10ppm of spinetoram after 7days, followed by S. oryzae adults, 100.00% mortality was obtained after 14days of exposure, but T. castaneum adults,10ppm of spinetoram was not sufficient to achieve complete kill for the adults of T. castaneum even after the longest exposure periods (14days).
Meanwhile, complete reduction in F1-progeny of R. dominica was observed at the three highest used concentrations(10, 5 and 2.5ppm) while, the reduction in F1-progeny of S. oryzae and T. castaneum were 96.5 and 73.1% at the highest concentration (10ppm), respectively.
The residual toxicity results of spinetoram showed that, the initial concentration of(10ppm) gave 95.3,100.0 and 71.0% kill for S. oryzae, R. dominica and T. castaneum, resp. mortality levels remained stable to 2 months for T. castaneum and 3 months for S. oryzae and R. dominica then reduced gradually with the increase of the storage period. The residual effect was high against R. dominica adults and extended to 6 months with lowest reduction rate in mortality (27.8%).
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1115
1122
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74712_bc62042631a38db2596423a85620403b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74712
EFFICACY OF TWO ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTS AND PREDATORY MITE Phytoseiulus persimilis IN SUPPRESSING THE POPULATION OF THE TWO-SPOTTED SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus urticae KOCH
A
Abdallah
Agric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University
author
M.
Abbassy
Agric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University
author
A.
Salem
Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Cairo
author
text
article
2015
eng
The potential of two plant extracts (peppermint Mentha piperita L. and clove Syzygium aromaticum L.) and a predatory mite species (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot) as well as their combinations were evaluated for their effect in reducing the population densities of the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on detached mulberry leaves (Morus nigra L.).
The results of control pest experiment on the eight treatments showed that the total of spider mite populations was significantly different among treatments (F7, 136= 32. 74; P < 0.001). Likewise, the reduction percentage of the spider mite populations was significantly different among on the seven treatments (F6, 105= 3.01; P < 0.01). The highest total average number of spider mite population reduction was exhibited in the combination of P. persimilis with peppermint and clove together from all treatments
The total average number of spider mite population in the combination of P. persimilis with peppermint and clove together was significantly highest from all treatments (9.07 individual; with 97.93%redaction; LSD; P < 0.05), except the combination of P. persimilis with peppermint extract (9.67 individual; with 97.52%redaction), the combination of P. persimilis with clove extract (11.19 individual; with 96.55%redaction) or P. persimilis alone (11.28 individual; with 96.36% redaction). The lowest total average number of spider mite population was recorded for the clove extract alone, which was significantly different from all treatments (36.37 individual; with 83.17%redaction; LSD; P < 0.05) except peppermint extract alone (24.66 individual with 89.12% redaction).
These experiments suggested that releasing P. persimilis alone or its combinations are more favourable strategy for suppression of spider mite T. urticae.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1123
1133
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74713_d2ac6489a20126389f6a2f5abcc8d193.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74713
EFFECT OF CULTURE MEDIA ON MYCELIAL GROWTH AND SPORULATION OF TWO ISOLATES OF Alternaria solani, THE CAUSAL AGENT OF EARLY BLIGHT DISEASE OF TOMATO
Y.
Shabana
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt
author
A.
AbouTabl
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt
author
Ilham
Al-Farhan
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
Sporulation of Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Jones and Grout, can be scarce and is often reduced when the fungus is cultivated in-vitro. An experiment was conducted to assess the effect of culture media on mycelial growth and sporulation of two isolates of A. solani namely Badr and Al-Tawfiqiyah, in-vitro. Badr isolate gave the highest mycelial linear growth when grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and V-8 media. However, it produced maximum yield of conidia on V-8 medium. Al-Tawfiqiyah isolate was best grown but least sporulated on S-medium and PDA. However, its maximum yield of spores was obtained on V-8 medium. Thus, V-8 medium was the best among all media tested for sporulation of both A. solani isolates.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
6
v.
7
no.
2015
1135
1141
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74714_42e4f1385f2c0113aef18cffe0e187ad.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2015.74714