INFLUENCE OF PLANT TEXTURE ON THE FEEDING CAPACITY AND FECUNDITY OF THE PREDATORY MITE Phytoseiulus persimilis (A. – H.).
O.
Nassar
Agricultural Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura
author
A.
Fouly
Agricultural Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura
author
R.
Fouda
Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
author
M.
Osman
Agricultural Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura
author
text
article
2010
eng
Feeding capacity and fecundity of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis fed on nymphal stages of the two – spotted spider mites were highly affected by the plant texture and rearing substrates. The predatory mite individually attacked more preys on bean leaves. The feeding capacity during 10 days in the oviposition period was declined gradually on apple, fig, cotton and mango with an average of 16.37, 15.92, 10.28, 9.95 and 8.97 prey individuals/day, respectively. The statistical analysis proved that there were no significant differences between the values of prey consumption of P. persimilis on either bean and apple leaves or fig and cotton leaves, in spite of the differences in morphological characters between the aforementioned plants and the others are significant. Therefore, it can be concluded that both bean and apple leaves are more suitable substrates to rear and maintain P. persimilis. Also, egg deposition was significantly decreased when maintained on cucumber and squash leaves. The lowest rates of fecundity were obtained on mango and cotton leaves. Adult female of the predatory mite laid an average of 39.5, 37.3 and 36.1 eggs/10 days with daily rate of 3.95, 3.73 and 3.61 eggs / ♀ / day on bean, apple and fig leaves, respectively, compared to 31.5, 30.5, 25.6 and 25.1 eggs / ♀ on squash, cucumber, mango and cotton leaves, respectively.
Among structures differences on the surfaces of leaves not only the venation type and hair density but also the raised veins that play an important role on the number of deposited eggs of predator and its feeding capacity on prey.
P. persimilis attacked more prey and laid more eggs on smooth hairy leaves like those of bean and apple while cucumber, squash and cotton leaves are not suitable. Therefore, bean leaves are recommended to maintain P. persimilis cultures for biological control purposes.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
1
v.
3
no.
2010
103
109
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86703_5712694f944bc451dc94a80afd65dd38.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2010.86703
IMPORTANT MORTALITY FACTORS AFFECTING ON THE CORN BORERS, Sesamia cretica Led. and Ostrinia nubilalis HUB. LARVAE During HIBERNATION PERIOD AT KAFR EL-SHEIKH REGION.
M.
Metwally
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza, Egypt.
author
H.
El-Zun
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza, Egypt.
author
Wafaa
Shahawey
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
The present investigation was carried out at Kafr El-Sheikh region during 2006/07 and 2007/08 seasons to evaluate the seasonal activity of the main mortality factors causing mortality among the hibernation larvae of Sesamia cretica Led. and Ostrinia nubilalis Hub.
The ectoparasitoid, Bracon hebetor Say was mainly observed associated with corn borers larvae. Percentages of parasitism against larvae of S. cretica varied from 2.56 – 6.82 % during 2006/07 and from 4.51–5.24 % during 2007/08, respectively. While percentage of parasitism of O. nubilalis larvae varied from 1.31-1.97 % and from 3.44-8.70 % during winter months. In spring (March–May) percentage of parasitism on S. cretica increased from 6.25 to 50.0 % and from 11.50 % to 33.30 %. It ranged from 2.50 to 45.36 % and from 6.70 to 42.71 % on O. nubilalis in 2006/07 and 2007/08, respectively.
The pathogenic bacteria Serratia marcescens Bizo caused disease in larvae.Percentage of diseased larvae of S. cretica ranged from 2.56 to 14.28 %, during a period extended from December to April in 2006/07, and between 2.94 to 13.18 % in 2007/08, respectively. On O. nubilalis it varied from 0.08 to 4.04 % and from 0.76 to 9.50, in the two seasons, respectively. The predators Monomorium pharaonis and Labidura riparia encountered in the course of the field work.
Biology of B. hebetor on hibernating O. nubilalis larvae was studied under constant condition of 20 + 2 oC and 70 + 5 % RH. Developmental durations were 2.6, 9.2, 2.3 and 9.7 days for egg, larva, prepupa and pupa, respectively. Longevity was 34.2 and 12.0 days, while total life-cycle amounted to 58.0 and 35.8 days for female and male, respectively. Fecundity averaged 210.2 and eggs hatchability was estimated as 93.8 %. Number of hosts destroyed per female was 39.8 through oviposition and 90.4 through paralysation. This finding is important from the biological point of view it may increase the value of the parasitoid. The peak period of egg-laying and destruction of hosts was that of 8 – 9 days of age. Pre-ovipostion and post-oviposition periods were 4.4 and 3.6 days. Sex-ratio was 2 ♂ : 1 ♀.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
1
v.
3
no.
2010
111
120
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86705_51a3942ca592f4a6c2afcc2e40fcd1cc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2010.86705
EFFICACY OF CERTAIN PLANT EXTRACTS AND TRI-FLUMURON ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF Spodoptera littoralis (BOISD.) AND Earias insulana (BOISD.) AND ITS EFFECT ON COTTON YIELD
Mahasen
Abd El-Aziz
Plant Protection Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2010
eng
Results indicated variation effects of some plant extracts (Demsisa, Lantana, Neemazal and Golden shower), IGR belonging to acylureas (Triflumuron) and its mixture with Neemazal on some biological parameters of Spodoptera littorals and Earias insulana such aspercentage of pupation and adult emergence, larval and pupal duration, larval and pupal weight, yield and yield loss. These compounds also showed some effects on S. littoralis when fed on sprayed cotton leaves in Beni-Sueif and Minia Governorates.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
1
v.
3
no.
2010
121
132
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86706_28ccfbe7c16d1d06b1462a2cec65b41a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2010.86706
EFFECT OF SOME ADDITIVES TO MULBERRY LEAVES ON LARVAL HAEMOLYMPH OF SILKWORM (Bombyx mori L.)
S.
Rateb
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
author
M
Hussein
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
author
M.
Mohamed
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
author
Heba
Abdel-Karim
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
author
text
article
2010
eng
Three levels (5, 10 and 15 gm) of ten powders and three concentrations (0.5%, 1% and 2%) of six liquids were used with mulberry leaves for feeding of 4th and 5th instars of local and imported silkworm. Their effects were studied on total soluble solids % (T.S.S.%) and total counts of haemocytes (T.C.H.)/mm3 haemolymph of 5th instar of silkworm larvae. The used tested powders were: glucose, fructose, sucrose, white or brown, soya, skim milk and their mixture (1:1), soya plus pollen (1:1), yeast and foliar fertilizer, while liquid treatments were: bee honey from Assiut or Sohag, chloral hydrate, foliar fertilizer, potassium iodide and ammonium chloride. Different responses in (T.S.S.%) and (T.C.H.) were noticed between local and imported silkworm, with respect to the effect of tested powder and liquid treatments. In powder treatments, maximum increment in (T.S.S.%) and (T.C.H.), in larval haemolymph of local silkworm was observed in skim milk treatment or its mixture with soya, while less effect was noticed in foliar fertilizer treatment. Sugars and soya plus skim milk showed maximum increment of (T.S.S.%) and (T.C.H.) in imported silkworm. T.S.S.% and T.C.H. in powder or liquid treatments were less in imported silkworm as compared with local ones. Liquid treatments with honey, ammonium chloride and chloral hydrate showed positive effect on (T.S.S.%) and (T.C.H./mm3 haemolymph) in local and imported silkworm. Detailed statistical analysis of obtained data was conducted and differences between strains and treatments were discussed.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
1
v.
3
no.
2010
133
139
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86708_9ddfdf8564d98495950e35724620d6cb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2010.86708