Impacts of Different Insecticides on Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) Larvae with Their Effects on Physiological Characteristics and Fruits Yield of Stressed Tomato Plants تأثير بعض المبيدات الحشرية على يرقات حشرة التوتا أبسليوتا وعلى الخصائص الفسيولوجية ومحصول الثمار في نباتات الطماطم المجهدة
A.
El-Tokhy
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, Egypt
author
M.
Ali
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, Egypt
author
Y.
Hafez
Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Egypt, ORCID ID (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-6560)
author
Kh.
Abdelaal
Excellence Center (EPCRS), Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab., Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Egypt, ORCID ID (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-6560)
author
text
article
2020
eng
Recently tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta, has become one of the major pests and causes genuine damages to tomato production. Consequently, the present investigation was carried out during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 winter seasons to determine the efficacy of different insecticides (Chlorantraniliprole, Fipronil and Indoxacarb) and their mixture against T. absoluta larvae and study physiological characters and fruits yield of stressed tomato plants. The results showed that, the Chlorantraniliprole insecticide alone and their mixture (Chlorantraniliprole + Fipronil and Chlorantraniliprole + Indoxacarb) were highly effective in relation to tomato leafminer larva reduction than other treatments and untreated control. Chlorantraniliprole + Fipronil treatment proved to be the superior achieving mean reduction level of 79.2% and 76.5% in during the two seasons respectively. The maximum average reduction percentages for the above-mentioned insecticides treatments against leaf miner were 90.1%, 93.4% and 91.1%, respectively in the first season and were 83.5%, 89.8% and 87 % respectively in the second season after seven days of spray. Indoxacarb was less effective on larvae population (49.5% and 49.9%) in both seasons. Chlorophyll a and b, vitamin C, lycopene and relative water content were increased with application of Chlorantraniliprole alone and their mixture. In conclusion Chlorantraniliprole alone and/or in combination with Fipronil or Indoxacarb may recommend for achieving effective control against T. absoluta and use in IPM programs in the tomato fields.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
269
274
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_111557_f73b0293567a9d2cd5c8fdacd61b1b67.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.111557
Side Effects of Pre-Plant Incorporated Herbicides on The Population of Root-Knot Nematode in Cucumber Plants Under Field Conditions الأثار الجانبية لبعض مبيدات الحشائش على نيماتودا تعقد الجذور Meloidogyne javanicaالتي تصيب نباتات الخيار في ظروف الحقل المفتوح
A.
El-Sagheer
Agricultural Zoology and Nematology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
The high economic costs of agricultural production, especially with the high prices of nematicides, have led many researchers to find alternative strategy management to the root-knot nematode. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of some commercial pre-plant incorporated herbicides; Benefin, Cobex, Devrinol, Prefar and Treflan as nonspecific treatment as a part of strategy of integrated pest management on the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica infesting cucumber plants in commercial open fields conditions. All the tested pre-plant incorporated herbicides caused a significant reduction in the root-knot nematode criteria with varying degrees compared with the control. The treatments by Treflan showed the highest effect on the reduction percentage of root-knot nematode (75.8%, 81.8% and 77.4%) in descending three tested rates through the progress of the plants growth, followed by other treatments down to at the least effect associated with Prefar at double rate treatment (40.1%). In conclusion, in the case of the need to weeds control preferred pre-plant herbicides, especially Treflan , Benefin and Devrinol where it has a side effects on decreasing the population of the root-knot nematode.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
275
281
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_99920_c94f95ab1d928c726b07fffbbffcb7f2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.99920
Distribution and Diversity of Rodent Populations at Various Habitats in Sharkia Governorate توزيع وتنوع تعداد القوارض في بيئات مختلفة بمحافظه الشرقيه
M.
El-Bakhshawngi
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
A survey of rodent species, their distribution and diversity, was carried out at three different habitats (i.e. urban houses, rural houses and drainage channels); in El-Ibrahemia District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt; from December 2017 to November 2019. A total of 320 individuals, four species, of family Muridae, were trapped from the three studied habitats. Rodent species were: the roof rat, Rattus rattus (Linn.), the predominate species (114 & 96 individuals); followed by the Norway rat, R. norvegicus (Berk) (30 & 23 individuals); the Nile rat, Arvicanthis niloticus (18 & 15 individuals) and finally the house mouse, Mus musculus (Linn.) (11 & 13 individuals) during the 1st and 2nd years, respectively. The highest rodent population recorded in summer, followed by autumn, spring and winter. Males outnumbered females. The drainage habitat had the highest diversity indices; Shannon-Weaver index H′= 1.045 and 0.891; Simpson index D= 0.642 and 0.558 and evenness J′= 0.951 and 0.811; during the 1st and 2nd years, respectively. This was followed by the rural and urban houses habitats. In contrast, the highest number of individuals was captured from the urban house habitats (160 individuals) followed by drainage habitats (85 individuals) and rural house habitats (75 individuals). Previous information should help rodent control planners in adjusting and fine-tuning their control strategies and programs by using the proper control tools suitable for the existing species in their respective habitat.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
283
289
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_111726_8f83c70104c79bdf430e92b7be0a51c6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.111726
Efficacy of Compost and Some Essential Oils Alone or in Combination in Controlling Cucumber White Mould Disease Under Protected House Conditions فعالية السماد العضوي (الکمبوست) وبعض الزيوت العطرية بمفردها أو معًا في مکافحة مرض العفن الأبيض في الخيار تحت ظروف البيوت المحمية
G.
Ahmed
Plant Pathol. Dept., Fac. Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ. Egypt.
author
A.
Elsisi
Plant` Pathol.` Dept.,` Fac.` Agric.,` Moshtohor,` Benha` University.` Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
Three concentrations i.e 1, 2.5 and 5% of five essential oils were tested to study their effect on growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Results showed that Clove and Marjoram oils were inhibited growth of S. sclerotiorum. Under greenhouse conditions results revealed that amending vegetarian compost to soil increased the activity of all plant oils than the individual treatment in reducing disease severity of Sclerotinia rot. Clove oil alone or in combination with compost completely prevented the disease incidence. Seedling soaking with nigella, marjoram and clove oils and their combinations with or without compost against Sclerotinia rot disease. Clove oil combined with compost completely prevented the disease incidence in 2017 and disease severity recorded 2.36 % in 2018 growing season. Moreover, increase of fruit yield was recorded with the combined treatments between compost + clove oil then compost + marjoram and clove oils during growing seasons 2017 and 2018 respectively. All tested treatments positively increased the activity of peroxidase (PO), Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) and PAL enzymes in cucumber. Moreover, chitinase and β 1,3- glucanase were greatly increased in treated cucumber with treatments compared with control. The results of SDS (PAGE) showed that 15 protein bands with molecular weights ranging from 234.433 to 50.017 kDa are contained in cucumber plants. New protein bands expressed as a result of treating cucumber with plant oils. One band with 90.783 KDa was appeared in plants treated with marjoram and Clove oils, while absent in other treated plants.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
291
297
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_103284_093052b9298152e51a44d51fd37c520c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.103284
Susceptibility of The Saw-Toothed Grain Beetle, Oryzaephlius surinamensis (L.) and The Indian Meal Moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) Infested Stored Products to Cold Plasma حساسية خنفساء الحبوب المنشارية وفراشة جريش الذرة الهندية التى تصيب المواد المخزونة للبلازما
M.
Nasr
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
The response of the saw-toothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) stages and immature stages of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) to cold plasma generated from corona discharge was investigated. Three voltage levels of cold plasma (150, 200 and 250 V) in a combination of six exposure times between (1-25 minutes) were used. Results showed clearly that, the effect of cold plasma against two insect stages was power and exposure time–independent. In addition, the effect of cold plasma was higher on O. surinamensis stages than immature stages of P. interpunctella and thelarval stage of each insect species was most sensitive to cold plasma, which completely killed at the lowest voltage (150 V)after 20 and 25 min of exposure for O. surinamensis and P. interpunctellalarvae, respectively. While, the pupal stage of each insect was the most tolerant one. Mortality percentages at the highest voltage (250 V) and the longest time of exposure (25 min) were 98.9 and 99.0% for P. interpunctella and O. surinamensis pupae, respectively. Thus, cold plasma is a promoting technique for stored product insects control in the near future with further studies to know the best method for product exposure without any effect on product quality.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
299
302
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_111727_36baee8e926832a6188288d92f0190b7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.111727
Biological Aspects and Life Table Parameters of Phytoseiulus macropilis and Neoseiulus Californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae), Feeding on Eggs And Immature Stages of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) at Different Temperatures
Fatma
Kalmosh
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
The purpose of this study was to evaluate prey consumption, functional response and life table parameters of the two predatory mites on immature stages and eggs of T. urticae at two constant temperatures 25° and 30°C, in the laboratory of cotton and crops mite research department, Plant Protection Research Institute Sharkeia branch. Developmental periods (Life cycle) of both females and males individuals were longer for N. californicus when fed on immature stages of T. urticae at 25°C (7.14 , 5.79 days) for females and males, respectively. Predatory mite fecundity was affected significantly by types of food and high for P. macropilis when feeding on T. urticae eggs (63.67 eggs/ female) at 25°C; while the less fertility was 33.95 eggs/female for N. californicus when fed on T. urticae eggs at 30°C. The ability of N. californicus preying on immature stages of T. urticae was significantly greater than P. macropilis (146.24 , 92.29 prey) for female and male, respeclively. On the other hand, P. macropilis consumed more eggs than N. californicus (193.89, 132.06 prey) for female and male, respectively at 25°C. Life table parameters showed that generation time (tG) was lower (8.81 days) for P. macropilis when fed on immature stages of T. urticae at 30°C, net reproductive rate (Ro) was higher (28.65) for P. macropils when fed on eggs at 25°C, and both intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) (0.34) and finite rate of increase (λ) (1.41) were higher when fed on immature stages of T. urticae at 30°C for P. macropilis.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
303
308
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_112497_adeacb78240f465a26c923a1031b26e8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.112497
Biological Studies on Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae Infesting Cucumber and Pepper Plants in The Greenhouses دراسات بيولوجية على حشرة من القطن Aphis Gossypii وحشرة من الخوخ الأخضر Myzus persicae التي تصيب نباتات الخيار وشجيرات الفلفل في الصوب
Nehal
Swelam
Economic Entomology and Agricultural Zoology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
The biology of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii on Cucumber plants, Cucumis sativus, and the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae on hot pepper plants, Capsicum annuum carried out at late 2018 Winter and early 2018 Summer, under semi-field conditions at a greenhouse in El Kom El Akhdar, Shebin El Kom, Menoufia, Egypt. Also, the accumulative population produced from one viviparous of A. gossypii & M. persicae female reared at the summer season under controlled conditions was determined. The results showed that the average life cycle of A. gossypii in winter was 8.4 days and the life span was 20.8 days, while in summer, the life cycle was 6.8 days, with 13.2 days as life span. The green peach aphid, M. persicae show some differences, the average life cycle of M. persicae in winter was 7.2 days, with 36 days as life span, 4.2 days, and 21 days in summer. The epidemiology of the two aphid species studied by isolating one viviparous female on a non-infested plant and estimating the number of insects on the plant after one and two weeks. The average number of A. gossypii population was 25 individuals after one week, which was higher than that of the green peach, M. persicae recording 16.3 individuals. After two weeks, M. persicae occupied the first rank producing 518 individuals, compared with 462.3 individuals for that of A. gossypii.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
309
313
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_111728_6dc744b8adc69bc87eec617f055c2593.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.111728
Insects' Deterrent Flavonoids from Cynara cardunculus for Controlling Cotton Leafworm; Spodoptera littoralis. الفلافونيدات الرادعة للحشرات من نبات الخرشوف البري , سينارا کارينکولارس لمکافحة دودة ورق القطن.
samah
el shafeiy
pest physiology dept. plant protection 5research institute ;PPRI, agriculture research center.
author
Sahar
Abdelaziz
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
Globally, striving to find eco-friendly pest control agents increased day after day toward plant metabolites. Through current work, three flavonoids were isolated from Cynara cardunculus and identified as Apigenin, Luteolin, and Luteolin-7-O-glucoside using UV, IR, and MS spectrometry analyses. The three compounds were evaluated for their anti-feeding and deterrence activity against 4th instar larvae of cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis using both dual and no-choice leaf disk tests. results revealed that Luteolin-7-O-glucoside recorded the strongest insect antifeedant activities reached (74.50, 91.40%) followed by Apigenin (53.45% & 71.61%) in both choice tests respectively, while the antifeedant index of Luteolin did not exceed 22% in the concentration of 1000 ppm. Moreover, the activity of digestive enzymes; amylase, and invertase decreased significantly according to the deterrence activity level of the tested compound while protease activity showed non-significant changes in treated larvae. Noteworthy, the structure -feed deterrence activity relationships of flavonoids was observed and considered. Thus flavonoids can protect crop plants from insect infestation according their chemical structure.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
315
320
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_111730_b3e7b855c7839fc4b14b1e7635f92023.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.111730
Larvicidal and Inhibition Activities of Marine Algae Ulva lactuca Extracts on Culex pipiens Mosquito النشاط الإبادي اليرقي والتثبيطي لمستخلصات الطحلب البحري Ulva lactuca علي بعوضة Culex pipiens
Mona
Elbanoby
Department of plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
This study aimed to investigate the larvicidal activity and inhibition effect of Sea lettuce Ulva lactuca extracts using various organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, and petroleum ether), against mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens (L.). The results revealed that all the extracts showed varied levels of larvicidal activity and inhibition effect against C. pipiens. Among them, the maximum efficacy was observed in the acetone extract which resulted in the strongest inhibition effect in the adult emergence (95%) and showed larvicidal activity (LC50=5.004 and LC90=9.76 mg/ml). Moreover, the three extracts of U. lactuca caused a reduction in the egg-laying capacity of mosquito females. Besides, the acetone extract caused the highest decrease (P < 0.05) on the mean number and hatchability of eggs produced by mosquito females. Thus, the present study suggested that using acetone, ethanol, and petroleum ether extracts of U. lactuca could be an effective method, somewhat easier, safe, and less expensive for controlling C. pipiens mosquito.
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
2090-3677
11
v.
6
no.
2020
321
325
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_111731_e45b9428da3ffae41fd55a9a73e01009.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2020.111731