@article { author = {Elsherbiny, A. and El-Khateeb, A.}, title = {CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIFUNGAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF Ocimum basilicum AGAINST Bipolaris AND Cochliobolus spp.}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1175-1186}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74923}, abstract = {The main constituents of the ethyl acetate extract of Ocimum basilicum were methyl cinnamate (58.43%), camphor (6.14%) and 1,8-cineole (4.55%), while butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (14.10%), trans-caryophyllene (9.66%), phytol (9.61%), neophytadiene (9.61%) and methyl cinnamate (7.43%) were the major compounds in the methanol extract, when were analyzed by GC–MS. The ethyl acetate extract mainly consisted of aromatic oxygenated monoterpenes (58.43%), whereas sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (25.70%) were the characteristic constituents of the methanol extract. Both ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were evaluated for antifungal activity against Bipolaris ellisii, B. hawaiensis, B. spicifera, Cochliobolus australiensis and C. cynodontis. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited complete inhibition on the mycelial growth of all fungi except C. australiensis at 16 mg/ml followed by methanol extract on B. hawaiensis, B. spicifera and C. cynodontis at the same concentration. Spore germination and germ tube elongation were completely inhibited by ethyl acetate extract for B. hawaiensis with MIC values ranged from 16 to 32 mg/ml. The methanol extract showed weak inhibition on the conidial germination and germ tube length. These results suggest that these extracts are potential and promising antifungal agents for the control of plant and human fungal pathogens.  }, keywords = {antifungal activity,Bipolaris sp,Cochliobolus sp,Ocimum basilicum,organic solvent extracts,GC–MS}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74923.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74923_19aa384450a676280cb86fe44492f985.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelatef, G.}, title = {FIELD TRIALS WITH CERTAIN ENTOMOPATHOGENS AND INSECTICIDES AGAINST BERSEEM GRASSHOPPER Euprepocnemis plorans (CHARP.) (ORTOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE)}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1187-1200}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74927}, abstract = {Three field trials were conducted to evaluate three entomopathogens (Metarhizium acridum, Beauveria bassiana and Nosema locustae) and two chemical insecticides (Indoxacarb and Fipronil) against berseem grasshoppers Euprepocnemis plorans (Charp.). Results from the first trial indicated that both M. acridum and N. locustae are successful pathogens against grasshoppers in the field but their effect was slow, while both Indoxacarb and Fipronil are effective insecticides aginst E. plorans in the field when used as spray or bait techniques. Moreover, results from second trial showed that mixtures of M. acridum with low dose (10% of recommended dose) of Indoxacarb and Fipronil caused acceleration in grasshopper mortality when used as spray technique. In the third trial the obtained results showed that N. locustae mixtures with Indoxacarb and Fipronil also caused acceleration in grasshopper’s mortality. It could be concluded that using M. acridum and N. locustae in combination with low dose (10% of recommended dose) of Indoxacarb and Fipronil could achieve environmentally safe control operation, moreover Indoxacarb and Fipronil could be used in grasshoppers control as new group of insecticides in replacement of classical groups of insecticides.      }, keywords = {Metarhizium acridum,Beauveria bassiana,Nosema locustae,locusts,grasshoppers,biological control,IPM}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74927.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74927_c886c7594af765606940f15d315987bd.pdf} } @article { author = {Shehawy, A.}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFICACY OF NATURAL PLANT OILS AGAINST Aphis craccivora KOCH (HEMIPTERA)}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1201-1211}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74928}, abstract = {Environmental friendly organic natural botanical extracts  (essential oils) of Lupine, Lupinus termis Forsk (Fabacea), Marjoram, Majorana hortansis L. (Lamiaceae), Anise, Pimpinella anisum (Umbelliferae), Orange oil. Citrus vulgaris (Rutaceae) and Olive oil, Olea europaea L (Oleaceae) were tested to evaluate their toxic effect on both laboratory and field strains of Aphis craccivora, Koch. The results showed that the field strain was more resistant to all compounds than that of the laboratory strain. On the other hand, the biochemical activity of the detoxification enzymes; MFO, alkaline Phosphatase, β and α-esterase was also investigated and showed fluctuated results according to the source of strain and compound used.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74928.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74928_8ce5d20088c67f6813ce0839c0733e0d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Fattah, Nilly and Shehawy, A.}, title = {MUTAGENIC EFFECT OF DIOD LASER RADIATION ON Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1213-1220}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74931}, abstract = {The mutagenic effect of Diod Laser Radiation were examined on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), measuring to determine the sub-lethal doses (LD30), (LD50), lethal dose (LD99) and to investigate DNA alteration for  polymorphic number of genetic bands using RAPD-PCR primers comparing with control. Results strongly suggest that Diod Laser Radiation causes mutagenic effect on T. castaneum insect. }, keywords = {}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74931.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74931_b136ff3b271660b91cb3fb316ed8b5d6.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Samahy, M. and Khafagy, I. and El- Ghobary, Asmaa}, title = {EFFICIENCY OF SILICA NANOPARTICLES, TWO BIOINSECTICIDES, PEPPERMINT EXTRACT AND INSECTICIDE IN CONTROLLING COTTON LEAFWORM, Spodoptera littoralis BOISD. AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SOME ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMIES IN SUGAR BEET FIELDS}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1221-1230}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74934}, abstract = {This experiment was carried out at El-Riad region, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during two sugar beet successive seasons, 2013 and 2014. The aim of this study examined the efficiency of silica nanoparticles, bioinsecticides (Dipel 2X and Biofly), peppermint extract and insecticide (Match 50% EC) in controlling the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) and their effects on some associated natural enemies in sugar beet. Results showed that the chemical insecticide (marshal) was the highest efficiency in controlling the cotton leafworm flowed by silica nanoparticles in high rate. Data showed also the extract of peppermint attractive the natural enemies to sugar beet filed and made moderate control the cotton leafworm.  }, keywords = {Cotton leafworm,Sugar beet,Silica nanoparticles,peppermint extract,natural enemies}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74934.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74934_907933d847a807ff38e8bc030eccae29.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelaal, A.}, title = {BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL ACTIVITIES OF HONEY BEE COLONIES EXPOSED TO ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF CELL PHONE TOWERS}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1231-1238}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74936}, abstract = {The present work aimed to study the relation between honey bee colony collapse and the cell phone radiation. The study conducted at special apiaries at Sharkia governorate and the laboratories of Economic Entomology and Biochemistry Departments, Faculty of Agriculture, Menofiya University. Five hives of three bee hybrids were located closed to cell phone towers and 1 , 2 km far from towers, in addition ,bee workers were directly exposed to the waves of personal cell phone device.  The obtained results in both of the two seasons indicated that the lowest values of colony strength, brood area, pollen area, and honey yield were recorded at the colonies under cell phone station and the highest values were showed at the colonies far from the cell phone station by 2 km. Statistical analysis of data indicated that there were significant differences in all values under study between hives closed to cell phone towers and those far from it. Furthermore, the biochemical parameters of exposed colonies to electromagnetic radiations of cell phone device showed significant increases in total carbohydrates, glucose, protein, total lipids and cholesterol compared with control. Vice versa , results indicated that there were significant decreases in acid and alkaline phosphates enzymes in the treated colonies compared with control. Finally, it could be concluded that cell phone radiation consider one of the major factors causing honey bee colony collapses and must be away from these radiations.  }, keywords = {Honey bee,Mobile phone,CCD,Biochemical changes,Electromagnetic radiation}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74936.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74936_6ce4cf93b34cc7cdd49dcc624573aa7a.pdf} } @article { author = {Metwally, A. and El-Sayed, K. and Abd El-Maksoud, M. and El-Shamy, E.}, title = {COMPARISON STUDIES ON THE POPULATION DYNAMIC OF Panonychus citri (MCGREGOR) INHABITING CITRUS TREES AT ASSUIT AND KAFR EL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATES}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1239-1247}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74941}, abstract = {It was observed that the highest rate of numerical density for citrus red mite P. citri (McGregor) in September at Kafr El-Sheikh, where the injury in the summer months and then gradually less in the winter months. It was found that the most common variety of municipal Balady orange citrus susceptible to this species followed by lemon while the less sensitive for infection was Mandarein . Numerical density rate of the mite species P. citri more at Kafr El-Sheikh than the numbers of this species at Assiut. }, keywords = {}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74941.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74941_a18fed6d6d666b0c4bc9bc6c5246ca6e.pdf} } @article { author = {Mikhail, W. and Sobhy, H. and Nada, Maha and El- Naggar, M. and Mahmoud, Rania}, title = {BIOCHEMICAL IMPACTS OF FUNGUS Metarihizium anisopliae ON THE ADULT FEMALES OF THE TWO SPOTTED SPIDER MITE Tetranychus urticae KOCH.}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1249-1255}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74945}, abstract = {The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae koch is a very destructive pest causing considerable loss to crops. Metarihizium anisopliae fungus strain is highly specific biopesticide to mites. The effect of fungus M. anisopliae was studied on the major components of the two-spotted spider mite, adult females reared in laboratory and treated by LC25 (4 x 106 spores/ml). Mite adult females were susceptible to M. anisopliae with high mortality rate recorded. Total mites protein, carbohydrates and lipids were declined in the treatment. . The effect of M.anisopliae on proteins level in the mycosed extract homogenate appeared decreasing than the non-mycosed during the period of experiment. The means of total protiens are 149‚148and85µg⁄1000 individuals after 24‚48 and 72hrs respectively‚compared with165 µg⁄1000 individuals in untreated control. Effect of the M.anisopliae on the level of the carbohydrates decreased in the treated extract homogenate than the untreated one during the period of experiment. The mean of total carbohydrates at 24‚48and 72 hrs after treatment were 96‚92 and 88 µg⁄1000 individuals respectively ‚compared with 95 µg⁄1000 individuals‚ In untreated control. The effect of M.anisopliae on lipids level in treated extract homogenate appeared decreasing than in untreated one during the period of experiment. The obtained result refer to the mean total lipids were 56‚50‚and 39 µg⁄1000 individuals after24‚48 and 72 hrs ‚respectively compared with59 µg⁄1000 individuals untreated adult females of T. urticae . The results showed biochemical changes in the components of adult females of mite Tetranychus urticae due to the fungus treatment.  }, keywords = {biochemical impact fungus ‚ Metarihizium anisopliae ‚ mite ‚Tetranychus urticae}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74945.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74945_4a2009511c87ba869d7e6124d5b39650.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Deeb, M. and El-Zohairy, M. and M.K.A. Abbas, M.K.A. Abbas and Amin, T. and Arafa, Olfat}, title = {CHEMICAL COMPONENTS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF DATE PALM TREE VARIETIES TO INFESTATION WITH RED PALM WEEVIL, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (OLIVIER)}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1257-1266}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74951}, abstract = {The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is the most serious insect pest of cultivated palm trees in several countries. The purpose of the present work is to study Susceptibility of five date palm trees varieties to infestation with red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(OLIVIER) during four successive years (2010-2013) and quantitative variations of some chemical components. The results appeared that Zaghloul& Hayani varieties were the more preference for infestation than other varieties, The percentages of infestation were about (27, 16.5, 16.8 and 13.8 %) for Zagloul, (25, 15.3, 11.2 and 11.3 %) for Hayani , (19, 8, 5 and2 %) for Bent Eshia, (12, 5, 1and 0 %) for Samani and (4, 3, 0 and0%) for Amry variety during the four successive seasons, respectively.Chemical analysis for trunk tissues of date palm tree varieties showed clear variations between the amount of chemical components Phenols, Alpha esterase's, Phenol oxides, and total proteins appeared positive significant variation infested palm trees as compared with to  total nitrogen, Free amino acids ,total carbohydrates ,Tannins, , B-glycosidase, which showed positive and non-significant variation in all infested date palm varieties.   }, keywords = {}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74951.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74951_51a72c970c1883316899f7223efab8e1.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbass, M. and Gadalla, E.}, title = {EFFECT OF SOME AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS ON THE LEVEL OF INFESTATION WITH RED PALM WEEVIL Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (OLIVIER) IN DATE PALM FARMS IN EGYPT}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1267-1272}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74959}, abstract = {The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus(Olivier.) (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) (Oliv.) is the most serious and destructive insect pest for date palm trees. The study carried out in date plantations of Nobaria , Beheira Governorate. Results indicated that the  total percentages of palms  infestation were 25 % and 16.8 % during season 2012 and 2013,respectvely.The palm trees  which contain air roots were highly infestation compared palms without air roots  arrived 44.8% and 47.6 %  infestation during two years,  respectively . High percentage of infestation recorded at 0.0 – 1.0 m above ground surface low infestation occurred in top tree ranged 7.1-8 % infestation. High number of infested palms found in the farm more irrigation. The available humidity under trees of ten vary according to irrigation methods .High number of palm infested found in trees that contain air offshoots compared (with removed offshoots with treatment fogging using sulfur powder after removing), these recorded 11.6% and 33.3%  with removal  and no removal offshoots. No significant differences between yield product in each healthy palm and infested date palm during two seasons.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74959.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74959_103b80dfc36235ca32f3689040511898.pdf} } @article { author = {Hasan, M. and Abou-Zeid, M.}, title = {PHYSIOLOGICAL RACES AND VIRULENCE DIVERSITY OF WHEAT STEM RUST FUNGUS Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici IN EGYPT DURING 2012-2013}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1273-1283}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.74961}, abstract = {Stem rust collections were obtained from infected wheat stems throughout the survey of wheat fields and nurseries in (Garbia, Dakhlia, Minofia, Kafer Elshake and Sharkia governorates) during 2012/2013. The findings of this paper were based on race analysis through inoculation of stem rust populations, isolation and multiplication of single-pustule of the pathogen and race determination by inoculating on stem rust differential hosts. The phenotypic characterization of P. graminis f. sp. tritici resulted in identification of 85 isolates 40 races were identification from the collected samples were the most frequency and predominant race were BBBTC, TDBBB and BTCBB with frequency (9.44%, 7% and 7%) respectively. Race analysis from the tested samples reveled that race TDBBB was the most prevalent race with a frequency of 7% followed by TTHBB and TTHTB  which gave  frequency of 5.88% and 4.7% respectively at Garbia governorate. Whereas, race BTCBB was the most frequent at Dakhlia (7%) . The highest frequency during this survey was recorded with BBBJC at Minofia governorate which gave 9.41%. Cluster analysis reveled that, identified races were divided to A and B group with similarity a bout 31.10%, where A (Kafer Elshaik) and B the rest governorates. Among 20 wheat stem rust differential hosts, Sr31 was the most effective one which exhibit 100% efficacy to all races followed by Sr24 (89.5%). While Sr 9g while, Sr5 were the least effective during this study. Thus, use of effective Sr stem rust resistance genes such as Sr31 and Sr24 in single cultivar through gene pyramiding has paramount importance as the additive effects of several genes gives the cultivar a wider base stem rust resistance along with periodic race survey.  }, keywords = {Wheat,stem rust,seedling resistance,adult plant resistance}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74961.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_74961_64a283d00f42c48d85bda20ba6ff429e.pdf} } @article { author = {Hasan, M. and Elhalwagi, Abeer}, title = {GRAIN YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME EGYPTIAN WHEAT VARIETIES AS INFLUENCED BY POWDERY MILDEW INFECTION}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1285-1295}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.75093}, abstract = {Wheat powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici has recently assumed significance affecting wheat production under Egyptian conditions. Relationship between yield reduction and grain quality and the disease were studied during 2012/13 and 2013/14 growing seasons at Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station on 9 wheat varieties i.e. Sakha 93, Giza 168, Gemmeiza 7, Gemmeiza  9, Gemmeiza 10, Gemmeiza  11, Misr 1, Misr 2 and Sids 12. Disease severity was 4.33 % to 41.66 % in 2012/13, 8.33 % to 51.66 % in 2013/14. Area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was found to be correlated with powdery mildew severity during the two growing seasons. The highest loss in 1000 kernel weight was recorded on Sakha 93. On the other hand, Sids 12 showed the lowest loss during 2012/13 (1.13%), whereas Misr 2 showed the lowest loss in 2013/14 season (1.2%). Regarding the effect of the disease on grain quality, the highest increase in protein content was observed on Sakha 93( 14.14% -15.85%) ,whereas  Giza 168 showed the least increase in protein content .The most affected wheat cultivar in carbohydrate content  was found in Gemmeiza 7 (6.64%). Increase % in wet gluten content varied from season to season, Gemmeiza 11 exhibit the highest value , whereas Giza 168and Sakha 93 revealed the least change.  }, keywords = {Wheat,Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici,disease severity,AUDPC,crop losses}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75093.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75093_dc4dc0126d5478c46bcf5ec170a5af30.pdf} } @article { author = {Shabana, Y. and El-Boray, M. and Mustafa, M. and Al-Juboori, G.}, title = {ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF PLANT EXTRACTS, ESSENTIAL OILS, AND MICROBIAL CULTURE FILTRATES AGAINST Botrytis cinerea In-vitro}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1297-1311}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.75199}, abstract = {The effect of using plant extracts and oils of plant origin on the colony growth of Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold of fruits and vegetables was studied five plant extracts (pomegranate peel, cloves, neem, cinnamon and thyme) at three concentrations(0, 15, 30 and 45%; for the aqueous extracts and 0, 6, 9 and 15%; for the extracts of methyl alcohol and ethyl estate) were used Essential oils of colves, neem, cinnamon, and thyme at three concentrations (0, 1, 1,5 and 2%) as well as culture filtrates of Trichodermaharzianum, T. hamatum and Bacillus subtilis at three concentrations (0, 15, 30 and 45%) were also tested. The fungicide, Topsin M-70WP at the recommended concentration (80g/100L water) was used as a check for comparison.  In general, for the concentrations 1 and 2, there were no significant differences among the three methods of extraction (water, methyl alcohol, and ethyl acetate) also givenaqueous fraction of crude plant extracts significant reduction in the linear growth of B. cinerea ranged from (57.78 to 96.67%) Pomegranate peel andneem aqueous extracts caused the highest growth inhibition at 45% concentration 96.67 and 92.22% respectively with no significant difference from the fungicide effect at same concentration. While, given methyl alcohol and ethyl acetate All plant extracts produced significant growth inhibition of B. cinerea 7 days post inoculation in comparison with the untreated control. both fractions (methyl alcohol and ethyl acetate), it was found that all plant extracts tested at 15%, except thyme extract, caused more than 89% growth inhibition to the pathogen with no significant differences from the chemical fungicide, Topsin M-70WP. Essential oils given tested caused significant suppression of the pathogen growth, 7 days post inoculation in comparison with the untreated control. The growth inhibition of the pathogen increased with the increase of the plant oil concentration. The chemical fungicide, Topsin M-70WP, had the highest inhibitory effect against the pathogen’s growth, which was followed by cloves and neem essential oils when tested at 2% concentration. While,all culture filtrates tested caused Record significant inhibition of the pathogen growth, 7 days after inoculation in comparison with the untreated control.. The bacterial culture filtrate of B. subtilis had the highest inhibitory effect against the pathogen’s growth, with no significant difference from the chemical fungicide, Topsin M-70WP.  }, keywords = {Plant extracts,plant oils,microbial culture filtrate,Botrytis cinerea,biological control,antifungal activity,grape}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75199.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75199_76396148a83812e87e03b1b4404a505e.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Khayat, E. and Azab, M. and Nada, M.}, title = {INFLUENCE OF OVERWINTERING LARVAL DIAPAUSE ON SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Pectinophora gossypiella (SAUNDERS) (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) TO SEVERAL INSECTICIDES}, journal = {Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology}, volume = {6}, number = {9}, pages = {1313-1321}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3677}, eissn = {2090-3758}, doi = {10.21608/jppp.2015.75200}, abstract = {To investigate the effect of overwintering larval diapause on the susceptibility of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) to various insecticidal classes (lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, methomyl, emamectin benzoate and spinetoram), laboratory bioassay tests were achieved on diapaused, rosetted and susceptible larval strains. The two field strains were collected from the infested cotton plants cultivated at different localities of Sharkiya Governorate during 2012 and 2013 seasons. The results indicated that the susceptibility ratios of the rosetted cotton flowers strain/ the diapaused strain (R/D) were varied between the two field strains of P. gossypiella, and among the insecticides tested as well, they ranged between 0.58 fold in case of spinetoram and 7.47 fold in case of lambda-cyhalothrin. The data also revealed that the newly hatched larvae descended from rosetted cotton flowers were more resistant to methomyl (121.52 fold) and lambda-cyhalothrin (43.57 fold) than the newly hatched larvaedescended from overwintering diapause. The two field strains showed an equal susceptibility ratio in case of chlorpyrifos(28.53 and 28.81). The rosetted larvae were more susceptible to spinetoram than the diapaused larvae. While diapaused strain was more susceptible to emamectin benzoate than other two strains.  }, keywords = {overwintering diapause,Pectinophora gossypiella,susceptibility,Insecticides}, url = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75200.html}, eprint = {https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75200_29a7c94fdb22a5afd8313e758319657d.pdf} }