eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1471
1478
10.21608/jppp.2015.75355
75355
Original Article
FIELD AND SEMI FIELD APPLICATIONS FOR BIO AND CHEMICAL PESTICIDES ON COTTON LEAF WORM, Spodoptera littoralis (BOISD.) (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE)
Badr El-Sabah Fetoh
drabadrelsabah@hotmail.com
1
Sondos Mohamed
2
Laila Seleman
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Three bio insecticides Biolarve and Triamph derivate from emamectin benzoate and W-Bus which derivate from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), in addition to one organophosphorus insecticides Linker tested for their effects on 2nd and 4thlarval instars and egg masses (24, 48 and 72 h old) of the Egyptian cotton Leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boised) infested tomato crop under field and semi field conditions. The doses used were the recommended dose by Egyptian agricultural ministry. The obtained results showed that all insecticides were potent and effective in controlling S. littoralis caused highly mortality and reduced the number of all tested larval instars and egg masses. The bio pesticides caused lower mortalities percentage than the chemical one in case of initial kill calculations, but after one day till ten days caused higher mortalities percentage than the organophosphorus insecticides. The second larval instar recorded sensitive reaction than the fourth larval instar of S. littoralis, which shown more resistant to all examined insecticides.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75355_40731e839bd7e61593877a5ee183424b.pdf
Bio insecticides
Organopgosphorus insecticides
Spodoptera littoralis
Tomato
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1479
1490
10.21608/jppp.2015.75362
75362
Original Article
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF SOME ADDITIVES WITH BIO-INSECTICIDES TO CONTROL THE PINK BOLLWORM, Pectinophora gossypiella (SAUND.)
M. Salem
msalem3030@gmail.com
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, (A. R. C.), Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Some additive compounds of sorbic acid, glucose and glycine amino acid have been added to improve the potency of some bio-insecticides;(Bactericide) Bacillus thuringiensis var. Kurstaki and (Fungicide) Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) formulations against newly hatched larvae of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.). Results obtained could be summarizing as follows:
Bacillus thuringiensis had the most bio-insecticides efficacy on P.gossypiella newly hatched larvae after 1,2&3 days from treatment.
Additives of glucose at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.05%, followed by sorbic acid at 0.1% were enhanced B. thuringiensis effect and caused the potentiation interaction on P.gossypiella larval mortality percentages. Other additive compounds caused additive interaction for B. thuringiensis except for additives of glycine (0.1& 0.025%) caused antagonism effect for B. thuringiensis and reduced from P.gossypiella larval mortality.
On the other hand, additives of glucose at concentration of 0.1% potentiate B. bassiana efficiency against P.gossypiella larvae. Other additive compounds of glucose (0.05 and 0.025%) and sorbic acid (0.1, 0.05 and 0.025%) caused additive interaction with B. bassiana. Meanwhile, additive of glycine decreased B. bassiana efficacy and caused antagonism effect on P.gossypiella larval mortality.
All additives compounds used had effect on some biological parameters of P.gossypiella when additives had interaction with B. thuringiensis or B. bassiana compared to use each of them alone. Additive of glucose had the best effect on the most biological parameters used, followed by sorbic acid, while; additive of glycine had the least interaction with the two bio-insecticidesagainst the aforementioned pest.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75362_30271f7982d06c8e4915c9d7a378dcbe.pdf
additives
sorbic acid
Glycine
glucose
Bacillus thuringiensis
Beauveria bassiana
Pectinophora gossypiella
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1491
1506
10.21608/jppp.2015.75366
75366
Original Article
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID INDUCE THE DEFENSE OF LUPINE AGAINST ROOT ROT DISEASE
M. El-Metwally
mhran552@yahoo.com
1
K. Abd El-Hai
2
Naglaa Mohamed
3
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Lupine is cultivated in Egypt for food, medical and industrial purposes. Root rot diseases caused by several soil-borne fungal pathogens are among the most destructive diseases attacking lupine plants. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to study the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in addition to Rhizolex-T50 on lupine root rot disease, growth, certain physiological activities and productivity of lupine. Lupine seeds (cvs. Giza 1 and Giza 2) were examined. The data indicated that isolation of pathogenic fungi from both cultivars of diseased lupine was carried out in five locations of Dakahlia governorate. The high frequency isolated fungi presented in Temi El-Amdeed followed by Bani-Ebeed location. Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum proved to be the most dominate isolated followed by Rhizoctonia solani. In greenhouse, Giza 1 was high susceptible cultivar for infected with root rot pathogenic fungi. Sclerotium rolfsii followed by R. solani whereas F. solani was the most aggressive damping-off disease. In the field experiment, Giza 2 cultivar was the best in germination% and more tolerant of damping-off than Giza 1. The application of Rhizolex-T50 followed by H2O2 at low concentrate (0.50 mM) showed a highest percentage of germination within lowest percentage of damping-off. No significant differences between Rhizolex-T50 and H2O2 at 0.50 mM were detected. The high photosynthetic pigments and phenolic content were obtained from the application of ASA at moderate concentrate (15 mM) in both cultivars. Giza 2 gave the highest values in these parameters. Soaking in both tested materials increased significantly growth parameter examined, yield components and seed quality. The moderate concentration of ASA (15 mM) was the most effective followed by the low concentration of H2O2 (0.50 mM). Could be concluded that the application of H2O2 at 0.50 mM and ASA at 15 mM as seed soaking could be considered as fungicide alternatives for controlling lupine root rot disease as well as improve growth and productivity.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75366_2726500361753d032ecdafbbc893b6b7.pdf
Lupine
Root rot disease
Hydrogen Peroxide
Acetylsalicylic acid
Fusarium solani
F. oxysporum
Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1507
1517
10.21608/jppp.2015.75384
75384
Original Article
TOXICITY AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFICACY OF NOVEL PESTICIDES AGAINST Aphis craccivora Koch (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) IN RELATION TO ENZYMES ACTIVITY
A. Shehawy
1
A. Alshehri
2
Plant Protection Research Institute,(A.R.C.) Giza, Egypt.
Biology Dept, Univ. College, Umm Al-Qura Univ, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Resistance development is a key part in pest management; Experimental trials included five conventional insecticides; Mospilan, Imidor (Neonicotinoid), Actellic (Organophosphate), Chess (Azomethine pyridines) and Aphox (Carbamate) to investigate their toxicity against both field and laboratory strains of Aphis craccivora Koch. The potency levels of the ongoing insecticides against the A. craccivora were 1.29, 1.43, 1.75, 1.97, 2.75 folds in laboratory strain more than that of field strain respectively. Thus, results showed that the field strain was more resistant for all compounds than that of laboratory strain. On the other hand, the results of the biochemical aspects of detoxification enzymes; Mixed Function Oxidase (MFO), Glutathione-S-transferases (GST), α and β-esterases demonstrated that, all tested insecticides induced impact on these detoxifying enzymes in both laboratory and field strain of A. craccivora.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75384_39e136ca162831f33e99283d36086c71.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1519
1525
10.21608/jppp.2015.75390
75390
Original Article
RICE STEM BORER, Chilo agamemnon POPULATION FLUCTUATION AND RICE VARIETAL RESISTANCE
I. El-Hawary
1
M. El-Naggar
2
Elizabeath henishen
3
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University
Field Crops Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center
Field Crops Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center
Rice, Oryza sativa L. is a vital food crop for more half of the global population. Unfortunately, it is subjected to attacks of several insect pests, from which is the rice stem borer, Chilo agamemnon Bles, the key insect pest species in Egypt. Monitoring population fluctuation of the insect during 2013 and 2014 rice seasons revealed the peaks of immature stages, as well as dead heart and white symptoms. In both seasons, the larvae exhibited three peaks of abundance, with high population density during August and September. The same trend, two peaks of abundance, was recorded for dead hearts. High population densities of white heads were detected in August and September with distinct peaks by late August and late September. Evaluation of varietal resistance to the borer revealed that Egyptian Jasmine cultivar was susceptible to C. agamemnon, while three cultivars were moderately susceptible; Giza 178, Giza 181 and Giza 182. Both Sakha 101 and Sakha 104 proved to be resistant to the borer throughout the three seasons. Six cultivars exhibited moderate resistance; Giza 177, Giza 179, Sakha 102, Sakha 103, Sakha 105 and Sakha 106.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75390_971be7004d6b5ed7fbed8d2e44c585a4.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1527
1535
10.21608/jppp.2015.75396
75396
Original Article
INFLUENCE OF LARVAL FOOD ON NUMBER OF SPERMATOPHORES, FECUNDITY AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SPINY BOLLWORM, Earias insulana (BOISD.)
A. Amer
1
A. EL-Sayed
2
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Experiments were carried out to study the effect of larval food types (cotton bolls, okra pods and artificial diet) on number of spermatophores, fecundity and total soluble protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents of the spiny bollworm, Earias insulana (Boisd.). The obtained results showed that the larvae reared on artificial diet gave the highest weight, while, those collected from cotton bolls gave the lowest weight. The lowest pupal mortality percentage and the highest adult emergence percentages, number of eggs/female and hatchability percentages recorded for the larvae obtained from artificial diet followed by those collected from okra pods and cotton bolls. Pupal duration, pre & post- oviposition periods and male longevity were differed insignificantly as affected by feeding larvae on okra pods, cotton bolls and artificial diet. The newly emerged female moths from larvae collected from cotton bolls were recorded the lowest mean number of the eggs/ovariol and spermatophores, while, those emergence from larvae obtained from artificial diet was recorded the highest one. The highest value of total soluble protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents were recorded in larvae obtained from artificial diet followed by those collected from okra pods and cotton bolls.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75396_d97bf1c00b013dfb9bc025f39baa4e36.pdf
Earias insulana
larval food
anatomy
biological
physiological aspects
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1537
1541
10.21608/jppp.2015.75422
75422
Original Article
FIRST RECORD OF THE MEALYBUG, Phenacoccus solenopsis TINSLEY (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) AS A NEW PEST ON BANANA PLANTS IN EGYPT
Monira El-Fatih
1
Fatma Moharum
2
M Ahmed
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was recorded for the first time on banana, Musa acuminate L. (Musaceae) in Egypt during July, 2015. This species was recorded on banana plantations during a monitor study of pests from April to November, 2015 as a part of the periodical inspection of banana pests in El-Wasta, Beni-Swief Governorate, Egypt
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75422_cc37212c8cc0dce49036547d68afdeb1.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1543
1554
10.21608/jppp.2015.75425
75425
Original Article
SEASONAL ABUNDANCE AND POPULATION FLACTUATION OF CERTAIN MIDICINAL PLANT PESTS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMES IN ASSIUT GOVERNORATE, EGYPT
A. Abd El-Raheem
arhim67@gmail.com
1
H. Abd EL-Wareth
2
Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
Field trails were undertaken to determine the seasonal abundance and population fluctuations of key insect pests infesting caraway, cumin and chamomile plants. The most pests associated with these plants were Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Aphis craccivora Koch and Thrips tabace Lindeman. The most numerous pests on caraway plants were T. tabace. It constituted about 45.47% and 62.85% out of the grand total of pests in 2013 and 2014 seasons, respectively. Whereas M. persicae was the most dominant insect pest on cumin plants, constituting about 60.97% and 58.92% out of grand total of pests in first and second seasons, respectively. On chamomile crop M. persicae was the numerous pest as compared with the other insect pests (54.17% and 71.70%). The highest level of abundance was recorded during March and April. Temperature and relative humidity significantly affected the population densities of these pests. The dominant predators were Coccinella undecimpunctata Reiche, Scymnus interruptus Gaeze, Orius spp., Chrysoperla carnea [Stephens] Paedrus alfirri Kock, Syrphus corolla F. and true spiders. These predators attained their maximum population densities during February and March.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75425_5899c2d797661d5649cefc327d65ffde.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1555
1566
10.21608/jppp.2015.75428
75428
Original Article
BIOCHEMICAL GENETICS OF RESISTANCE AND CROSS RESISTANCE OF Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) PROGNEY TO CHLORPYRIFOS USING DEVELOPED REARING TECHNIQUE
A. Mohanna
1
H. El-Sharkawy
2
Dept. of plant production ,Faculty of Technology & Development, Zagazig Uni., Egypt
Dept. of plant production ,Faculty of Technology & Development, Zagazig Uni., Egypt
In laboratory tests, a unique technique was carried out to distinguish and obtain developed strains originated from separately reared Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) egg- masses ( field and laboratory strains); traditional susceptible strain (Tss) from laboratory strain, and traditional resistant strain ( Trs). from field. Two other strains were obtained in laboratory; the first developed traditional susceptible strain ( dTss.) was originated from the high susceptible larvae of Tss , and was subjected to relaxation for four successive generations. while the second, developed traditional resistant strain( dTrs.) was resulted from moderately to high level larvae of Trs, and was subjected to selection pressure with chlorpyrifos as a selected agent for four successive generations, at the LC50 level. The obtained results revealed that LC50 value of Tss. and dTss. were 0.905 and 0.607, respectively. Also dTrs. strain was exhibited 14.47 fold of resistance as compared to 8.45 fold for Trs. Strain.
Cross resistance spectrum was tested on dTss, Tss,, uTss .parent, Trs, and dTrs. Using 3 OP's compounds, one carbamate, 2 synthetic pyrethroids , and one demeloid.
All strains tested proved that increase in resistance level was accompanied by steady increase in cross resistance of all tested compounds. All strains tested were in between vigor tolerance to true resistance ( positive cross resistance).Analysis of data showed that developed resistance strain exhibited a moderate level of resistance to the selected agent (chlorpyrifos).
Degree of dominance of resistance in F1a ( dTss males × dTrs females) and F2b (dTrs males × dTss females) exhibited a moderate level of recessive. Reciprocal crosses in F1 progney indicated that increase in LC50 and slope in F2b ( heterozygous) was done.
Enzyme activity of acid phosphatase (Acph) and alkakine phosphatase ( Alkph) and transaminases enzyme were established for all strains. Generally, it was obvious that chlorpyrifos resistance in S.littoralis expressed as a high activity of enzyme was more exhibited in the developed and hybrid strains, while traditional strains recorded a fluctuated slightly levels.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75428_f18cc4d446b9d0fc50fce0f53ca7b52a.pdf
Spodoptera littoralis
resistance
Susceptible
Enzyme
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1567
1577
10.21608/jppp.2015.75431
75431
Original Article
STUDIES ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF EGYPTIAN AND IRAQIAN HONEY.
M. Al-Mashhadani
1
Plant protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
Eighteen honey samples were collected from Egyptian and Iraqian to evaluate some physical properties: Moisture(%), Total soluble solids(TSS), Electrical conductivity(EC), Viscosity and Specific gravity. The final results indicated that it was not found significant difference between Egyptian and Iraqian honeys in relation to moisture percentages. It not found significant differences between Egyptian and Iraqian honeys in relation to soluble solids (TSS%). The obtained results cleared that low significant differences between Egyptian and Iraqian honeys in relation to Electrical conductivity (EC). The results indicated that low significant differences between Egyptian and Iraqian honeys in relation to viscosity. In relation to specific gravity in both Egyptian and Iraqian honey samples, it not found significant differences between Egyptian honey (clover, citrus and cotton) and also between Iraqian honeys in all samples.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75431_8fa680c03833312ab46393e19c1c6270.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1579
1587
10.21608/jppp.2015.75434
75434
Original Article
RESIDUAL ACTIVITY STUDY OF CERTAIN GROUND SPRAYING EQUIPMENT FOR CONTROLLING BEAN APHIDS WITH PRIMICARB INSECTICIDE ON Vicia fabae (L.) PLANTS IN EGYPT
Rehab Dar
1
Laila Seleman
2
spray technology Res., Dept., Plant Protec., Res., Inst., (A.R.C), Dokki, Giza
-Bollworm Res., Dept., Plant Protec., Res., Inst., (A.R.C), Dokki, Giza
Field experiments were carried out in an area of about 2 feddan planted with bean plants variety (Sakha 2 ) Vicia faba (L).during season 2014 in 12th December at Sakha ,Kafr Elsheikh Governorate. The selected area was split into 7 plots including control plot. Primicarb was sprayed with the rate of recommended and 3/4 recomended dose rate and one treatment left without spraying as control by using Hydraulic Knapsack sprayer (Solo) (22 L./Fed.), Economy Micron ULVA sprayer (15 L/Fed.) and Conventional motor sprayer (Wisconson) (400 L/Fed.) Data indicated that, all tested doses revealed significant negative influenced on Aphis fabae survival. The most effective is total recommended dose followed by 3/4 recommended dose. It could be recommended to use these compound with LV spraying equipment with not less than (15L/Fed.).The data showed that Hydraulic Knapsack sprayer (Solo) was the pest equipment to control Aphis fabae on bean plants. The rate of performance of Solo sprayer was 10 Fed./day. It was the best equipment, but the lowest rate of performance was Wisconson motor sprayer since it could spray only 2.5 Fed./day.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75434_dc9760687d662da7b28c441197183ab4.pdf
Vicia fabae L
Aphis fabae
Primicarb
LV
HV and Ground spraying techniques
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1589
1598
10.21608/jppp.2015.75439
75439
Original Article
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS OF Rattus rattus frugivourus INFECTED WITH Echinostoma liei (JEYARASASINGAM, HEYNEMAN, LIM AND MANSOUR,1972 )
Karima Azzam
1
Nema El–Abd
2
Eman Abd El–Hady
3
Department of Harmful Animals Research, Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Dokky Giza
Department of Harmful Animals Research, Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Dokky Giza
Department of Harmful Animals Research, Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Dokky Giza
Echinostoma liei (Jeyarasasingam, Heyneman, Lim and Mansour, 1972), was used for the first time as bio control agent for the wild rat Rattus rattus frugivorus Rafinesque .
Two levels of infection were used (250 and 500 metacercariae / rat ) and histopathological alterations were studied in the affected organs ( intestine ,liver and testis ) . The investigation revealed that high infection of E. liei resulted in severe pathological alteration in rat intestine, and liver, such as edema, lymphocytic infiltration, necrosis and hemorrhage in the liver lead to death in addition to testis hypertrophy with seminiferous tubules devoid of spermsthatmay lead to sterility. Thus, E. liei could be considered a new effective biological agent for controlling wild rats causing either death or sterility and also safe to human since people in Egypt don’t eat fresh water snails either raw or cocked ).
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75439_68921c936ba0eb0df06a3074a126c86e.pdf
Echinostoma liei
Rattus rattus frugivourus
histopathology
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1599
1611
10.21608/jppp.2015.75441
75441
Original Article
AN EVALUATION OF TWO TOMATO CULTIVARS TO INFESTATION BY CERTAIN INSECT PESTS
Y. Abdallah
1
Hana Faraj
2
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
Experiments were carried out at tomato field at Qalyubyia Governorate, Egypt cultivated with two different cultivars to test its susceptibility to infestation with Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius); aphids {Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae (Sülzer)}; Empoasca decipiens Paoli and Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in addition to the seasonal abundance of these pests on the two cultivars in two successive summer seasons (2012 and 2013). Results indicated that B. tabaci and aphids had two peaks of abundance in May and June in both years on both cultivars. E. decipiens also had two peaks of abundance in May and June in both years with no significant difference between the two cultivars. The two tested cultivars almost harbored the same population density of the immature stages of T. absoluta during summer season, 2012. The pest had only one peak during the last week of May. There was negative and highly significant correlations between the population densities of all considered pests and the numbers of hairs (trichomes) present on tomato leaves sampled on 20 May and 4 June except for aphids which disappeared during hot summer months on the cultivar Hybrid Super. In the third sampling date (20 June, 2013), the correlation was also negative and highly significant with the population of B. tabaci and positive with the population of T. absoluta. The same trend was observed on the cultivar Crystal HYB. The effects of (N), (P) and (Ca) were positive and highly significant on all considered pests on both cultivars. The effect of (K) was negative and highly significant on all considered pests on both cultivars. The effect of (Mg) was positive and highly significant on the cultivar Hybrid; while it was negatively correlated with sap sucking pests only on the cultivar Crystal. Data indicate that the effect of Fe, Zn and Mn was positive and highly significant on both cultivars and Cu was negatively affected these pests on both cultivars.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75441_38bdd012b754f0258e59006af5e3fe68.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1613
1621
10.21608/jppp.2015.75445
75445
Original Article
STUDY ON SWARMING AND COLONY STRUCTURE OF HARVESTER TERMITE, Anacanthotermes ochraceus (BURM)
A. El-Bassiouny
aymanelbassiouny@yahoo.com
1
H. Ahmed
2
S. Abol-Maaty
3
Plant Protection Res., Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza., Egypt
Plant Protection Res., Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza., Egypt
Central Lab. of Agricultural Climate, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza., Egypt
This work conducted inSharkia Governorate, data showed that, the highest number of foraged workers of Anacanthotermes ochraceus (Burm), was found during spring and autumn, 2014, and the lowest was occurred in summer season, the numbers begun increased gradually in January, February, March, April and May, then decreased in Jun, July and August. Workers caste represented (77.73% of total colony). Nymphs showed that, the largest number occurred during autumn, and the least was occurred in summer, begun increased in Jan., February, March, April and May, then decreased in Jun-July and Nov-Dec. Nymphs represented (13.36% of total colony). Soldiers caste were highest during autumn in Sept., then decreased during winter in Nov.- Feb., and began to rise again during March, April and May, while the least number occurred during summer in June-July. Soldiers represented (7.29% of total colony), and showed highly rates correlated with the swarmers and the various forms. Swarmers or "alates" were found highly during April and Oct., and the lowest rate occurred in Feb. Crowds of swarmers appeared twice during the year in February, March, April and May, then disappeared and reappeared again in Sept., Oct. and Nov., the swarming were found in spring and autumn seasons and represented (1.69 % of total colony).
Termite castes were abundant in two periods/year in spring and autumn when max., temperature of soil temperature ranged between (25-35ºC), the mini., soil temperature ranged between (13-27ºC), the rainfall were (0.0, 33.0 and 97.6 m3/Inch2), and the relative humidity higher than (70%), while castes were lower in summer and winter seasons when soil max., temperature were less than (25 ºC) and higher than (35 ºC), the mini., temperature ranged between (8-26 ºC), the rainfall higher than (100 m3/Inch2), and the relative humidity less than (70%).
Crowds of swarmers avoid time rainfall and appeared profusely in the periods after the rain when the weather is warm and the soil is moist, the homeowners begun to see winged termites emerge in large numbers inside their home on the soil surface.
Statistical analysis showed no significant for tested factors, while were significant with R.H. was the main reason for this effect.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75445_6de4edb5bde26f3f753f5a781cea0afb.pdf
Swarming
Anacanthotermes ochraceus
Colony structure
Workers caste
Nymphs caste
Soldiers caste
Winged caste
Climate effect
Caste composition
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2015-11-01
6
11
1623
1631
10.21608/jppp.2015.75448
75448
Original Article
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF GLYPHOSATE HERBICIDE ON DIFFERENT ORGANS OF MALE AND FEMALE ALBINO RATS
Nema EL- Abd
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
The effect of major herbicide used worldwide glyphosate was studied on some organs of mature male and female albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). The LC50 was determined for glyphosate was 9.7% as crushed maize bait.Animals were fed on bait treated with (1\2 LC50) for 15 days. The organs were collected two weeks after treatment and fixed in 10% formalin saline. The results revealed that the liver of male showed necrosis of some hepatocytes with infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells, while the liver of females showed necrosis of some hepatocytes and dilation of blood vessels surrounded by fibrin with activation of vankopfer cells. Hemorrhage, infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and necrosis of cells lining renal tubes were observed in the kidney of male, while in female ,granular degeneration changes of cells lining renal tubes with infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and hyper cellularity of glomeruli with thrombosis of some blood vessels were recorded . The lung of male showed congestion of blood vessels and thickening of its wall, hyper proliferation of cells lining bronchial, infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cell and thickening of interstitial wall, whereas hemorrhage, swelling of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and emphysema were observed in the lung of female.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_75448_7eddf7cbeadb45fe19827da01eba4387.pdf
Glyphosate
Rattus norvegicus
histopathology