eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
159
161
10.21608/jppp.2018.41290
41290
Original Article
Effect of Protein Ratio in Food on the Daily Food Consumption Rate for House Sparrow Passer domesticus niloticus.
M. El-Danasory
1
Agric., Zoology and Nematology Dept. Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University
The present work aimed to study the effect of protein ratio on the daily food consumption rate of house sparrow Passer domisticus niloticus, the results indicated to, the house sparrow Passer domisticus niloticus prefer the diet contain a high ratio from protein about food contain low ratio protein, the food consumption from high food protein increased during the experimental period. Statistical analysis showed that; consumption ratio was significantly different in the different concentrations, while wasn't significant different in four days in consumption ratio
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41290_dfd86a34c74aed45963a884cf7ad9da6.pdf
House sparrow- Protein- Concentration- Diet ratio- food consumption
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
163
165
10.21608/jppp.2018.41293
41293
Original Article
Effect of Tomato Varieties on the Tomato Borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) as a Main Insect Pest Attacking Tomato Plants in Damietta Governorate.
H. El-Kady
1
Hagar Awadalla
2
Mai Eisa
3
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
The current studies were conducted on the field at kafr El-battikh reigon, Damietta Governorate. K-186, G.S and MARRWA tomato varieties to determine the effect of different tomato varieties on the population abundance of the tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in February plantation during the two successive seasons 2016 and 2017. K-186 tomato variety attracted the highest average number of eggs and larvae of T. absoluta during the first season and represented by 265.1±45.4 eggs and 171.7±41.8 larvae, respectively. While G.S variety ranked the second category and represented by 238.9±40.9 eggs and 169±41.1 larvae, respectively. On the other hand, MARRWA variety came in the last category and represented by 183.6±45.4 eggs and 106.9±28.6 larvae, respectively. While during the second season G.S variety attracted the highest average number of eggs of T. absoluta followed by K-186 and MARRWA and representedby 281±50.7, 213.5±55.7 and 189.6±52.6 eggs, respectively. Meanwhile, G.S variety attracted the highest average number of larvae of T. absoluta followed by MARRWA variety and K -186 variety came in the last category and represented by 165±46.6, 111.4±27.8 and 98±21.4 larvae, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that a significantly differences between the tomato varieties and T. absoluta eggs and larvae during the two successive seasons.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41293_e9fd22f228eb3396774edebfae955a82.pdf
The tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)
Tomato varieties
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
167
169
10.21608/jppp.2018.41295
41295
Original Article
Effect of Planting Dates on the Cotton Mealybug Phenococcus solenopsis (Tinsly) as a Main Insect Pest Attacking Tomato Plants in Damietta Governorate.
Hagar Awadalla
1
H. El-kady
2
Mai Eisa
3
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University
The current studies were conducted on the field at kafr El-battikh reigon, Damietta Governorate. The K-186 tomato variety planted in two planting dates first of February and last of September during the two successive seasons 2016/17 and 2017/18 to determine the population abundance of the cotton mealybugs Phenococcus solenopsis (Tinsly). The highest peaks of abundance of P. solenopsis recorded in the February plantation during the two successive seasons 2016/17 and 2017/18 in the second week of April 2016 and the first week of April 2017 and represented by 279 and 351 indiv. /100 leaves, respectively. Meanwhile September plantation recorded the highest peaks of abundance during the two seasons in the first week of November 2016 and the last week of October 2017 and represented by 119 and 140 indiv. /100 leaves, respectively. The cotton mealybug P. solenopsis showed a significantly differences in the two plantations during the two successive seasons.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41295_9cc4339bf32696a19cc0880bb167a354.pdf
The cotton mealybugs Phenococcus solenopsis (Tinsly)
planting dates
tomato plants
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
171
173
10.21608/jppp.2018.41297
41297
Original Article
Biological Studies on the True Spider, Artema atlanta Walck (Araneida: Pholcidae) When Fed on Different Prey Species
H. Ahmed
1
AGRIC. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar University, Assiut
Biological aspects of the spider species, Artema atlanta Walck. was studied at constant conditions in laboratory (25±2°C and 60-70% R.H.) when fed on four preys individuals. Larvae of the vinegar fly, Dorsophila melanogaster and the fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata.were introduced to the first and second spiderlings, stored grain worm moth, Ephestia kuehniella and the vinegar fly, Dorsophila melanogaster introduced to the third and fourth spiderlings and house flies, Musca domestica, stored grain worm moth, Ephestia kuehniella and the vinegar fly, Dorsophila melanogaster introduced to the fifth and sixth spiderlings. Incubation period averaged 11.5 ± 1.20 days. The pre- oviposition period was 19.81 days before laying eggs, while the oviposition period averaged 32.8 ± 3.77days; the post- oviposition period averaged 134.9 ± 3.72 days. The obtained result revealed also that; the highest average rate of consumption when the spider Artema atlanta Walck. Feed on Musca domestica , Ephestia kuehniella and the vinegar fly, Dorsophila melanogaster the 5th and 6th spiderlings and represented by 73.0 and 84.1 individual for female and 62.0 and 72.0 indi. For male 5th and 6th spiderlings, respectively.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41297_feed2cb13fdb0897e08e978384b7ce69.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
175
180
10.21608/jppp.2018.41299
41299
Original Article
Using of Magnetic Water Technology for the Management of Brown Rot Disease of Potato
Z. Moussa
zeiadmoussa@gmail.com
1
M. Hozayn
2
Bacterial Diseases Research Dept., Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Field Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
This study aims at the investigation of using magnetic water (MW) to manage brown rot (bacterial wilt) disease of potato. The effect of magnetic field (MF) on the viability of Ralstonia solanacearum (the bacterial causal pathogen of this disease) was investigated by passing the suspension of R. solanacearum through a magnetic liquid modifier tube. The viable count of the bacterial pathogen increased with the increasing of the incubation time (1, 2, 3 and 4 h) as well as with increasing the number of passes through the magnetic tube. In the pots experiment (carried out at Tag El-Ezz Agricultural Research Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt - during the period of 17 February to 12 May 2016), the irrigation with MW led to significant increases in total phenols, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, total chlorophylls, chlorophyll a chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. Significant increase in plant height after 50 and 70 days of planting and decrease in disease rating were noticed. The viable count of R. solanacearum in rhizosphere of the plant irrigated with MW was significantly decreased after 70 and 108 days of planting when compared with the plants irrigated with tap water (TW). The irrigation with MW led to significant increase in potato yield (25.64 %) and a significant decrease in the percentage of infected tubers (40.22 %) in comparing with the plants irrigated with TW. These studies encourage more studies for the use of MW to manage brown rot disease of potato as well as other plant diseases.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41299_43f1858913e7f8ef7ec6ad56d52387dd.pdf
Ralstonia solanacearum
rhizosphere
yield
infected tubers
magnetic field
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
181
185
10.21608/jppp.2018.41301
41301
Original Article
The Relationship between the Biochemical Leaf Components and the Population Density of the Onion Thrips and Land Snails Attacking some Vegetable Crops
Sanaa El-Fakharany
1
R. Knany
2
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
Field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons, to study host preference and the population densities of Thrips tabaci Lind. andMonacha spp. in lettuce (Roman), onion (Giza red) and garlic (sids 40 and balady cultivars) plantations. Also, the relationship between the biochemical leaf components (Chlorophyll, moisture, potassium (K), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), protein, total carbohydrates mg/kg and phenols) and pest population density. The population density of T. tabaciwere detected in lettuce, onion, garlic (sids 40 and balady) plantations by late January. The population density of T. tabaci progressively increased to reached its peaks during February and March. No land snails were detected on balady garlic. Snail populations in lettuce, onion, garlic (sids 40), were low or moderate until mid February, and then gradually increased to maximal peaks in February and March. The highest population density of thrips was observed in onion followed by garlic when compared with lettuce, while Monacha spp. was opposite. Garlic (sids 40) had higher chlorophyll content followed by balady garlic than lettuce. Almost, K, N, P, protein, total carbohydrates and total phenols significantly varied among vegetable crops (p≤ 0.05). In addition, there is a positive correlation between the population density of T. tabaci with each of chlorophyll content, moisture, P and total phenols, while relationship between the population density and K, N, protein and total carbohydrates were negative. There is a negative correlation between land snails and chlorophyll content but it was positive with each of moisture, N, protein and total phenols and positive significant with K (p≤ 0.05).
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41301_2b9d4e3f7bda07cd192a396ced7485f9.pdf
Onion
Garlic
lettuce
population
thrips
land snail
leaf biochemical components
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
187
193
10.21608/jppp.2018.41303
41303
Original Article
Potency of some Photosensitizing Compounds against the Cotton Leaf Worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) in Relation to some Biochemical Aspects
Asmaa El - Ghobary
1
I. Khafagy
2
Amira Ibrahim
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha Agric. Res. Station, ARC
Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha Agric. Res. Station, ARC
Economic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafrelsheikh University
The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicological as well as biochemical effects of the three photosensitizer compounds; rose bengal, eosin yellow lactone and methylene blue on the fourth larval instar of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Results of insecticidal activity against the fourth larval instar of S. littoralis revealed that rose bengal is the most toxic photosensitizer compound followed by eosin yellow lactone, then methylene blue. The corresponding LC50 values were 37X10-5M, 81X10-5M and 136X10-5M; respectively. Concerning, the photodynamic process of the thee photosensitizer compounds to control the 4th instar larvae of S. littoralis , the LT50 values of the lowest concentrations of rose bengal, eosin yellow lactone and methylene blue were >4hrs for each. On the other hand, the LT50 values of the highest concentrations were 2.2, 3.25 and 2.50 hrs; respectively. This indicates that rose bengal was the most active compound. On the light of the median lethal effects of the three tested photosensitizer compounds on the total protein ,total lipids and total carbohydrates content in the tested fourth larval instar of the cotton leaf worm, the results proved that the three photosensitizer compounds decreased these biochemical contents except methylene blue slighty increased total protein content relative to control.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41303_fcd9af93f4cf5756e3131d65bc5eb624.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
195
200
10.21608/jppp.2018.41309
41309
Original Article
Effect of Different Host Plants on the Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci Lind. and the Land Snail, Monacha spp. Population Abundance According to Intercropping some Vegetable Crops and the Final Yield
Sanaa El-Fakharany
1
Plant Protection Research Institute ARC, Giza, Egypt
Field experiments were carried out at El-Riad district, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during three successive seasons, 2014/15, 2015/16 and 2016/17. To study host preference and the effect of intercropping each of lettuce (Roman), onion (Buheirah red) and garlic (sids 40) cultivars, on the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lind.andthe land snail,Monacha spp.population abundance and the resulting yield. T. tabaci was the high attractive to onion followed by garlic, while lettuce was least attractive during the three successive seasons. It can be noticed the highest monthly average number of T. tabaci were recorded in March on onion plantations alone and onion intercropping, with lettuce, followed by garlic plantations alone, garlic (intercropped with lettuce) in the three seasons, while lettuce plantations alone and lettuce intercropping, with onion and with garlic were recorded in February in 2015 and 2016 but it was in March in 2017 season. Also, the highest monthly average number of Monacha spp. were recorded in March on lettuce plantations alone and followed by lettuce intercropping, with onion and garlic, while garlic plantations alone, garlic (intercropped, with lettuce) and onion plantations alone and onion (intercropped, with lettuce) were recorded in February or March. It can be noticed that, Monacha spp. was the high attractive to lettuce, while garlic and onion were the least attractive during the three successive seasons. The population abundance of thrips and snails differed according to host plant, there were significant differences among host plants (p≤ 0.05).The rate of infestation was higher in the sole crops than in those intercropped crops which caused reduction of T. tabaci and Monacha spp., and almost, significant differences were found (p≤0.05).The resultant yield, due to intercropping, was also affected. The lettuce, onion and garlic plants intercroppe reduced the resultant yield when compared with control.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41309_9d3a66db1fe5de6f719508f2ca791109.pdf
lettuce
Onion
Garlic
population
Intercropping
thrips
land snail
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
201
207
10.21608/jppp.2018.41386
41386
Original Article
Effect of Foliar Application of some Zinc and Phosphorus Sources on Controlling Helminthosporium Leaf Spot Disease and Production of Sesame
M. El-Fawy
1
M. El-Said
2
Department of Agricultural Botany, Plant Pathology Branch, Faculty of Agriculture Al Azhar Univ. (Assiut Branch), Egypt.
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Al-Azhar Univ. (Assiut Branch), Egypt.
Nineteen isolates of Helminthosporium sesami were obtained from infected sesame plants with Helminthosporium leaf spot taken from different locations in Nubaria region, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt. All the obtained isolates of the pathogen were able to infect Del Al-Jamal sesame variety plants causing Helminthosporium leaf spot disease symptoms with different degrees. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficiency of some zinc and phosphorus sources against the pathogen and their effect on some agronomic characters of sesame. In vitro studies, the effects of zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) as sources of zinc and dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) and disodium phosphate (Na2HPO4) as sources of phosphorus on the pathogen have been studied by using different concentrations on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA). These results suggest that these compounds reduced the mycelial growth of the pathogen. The highest reduction of mycelial growth was obtained when ZnSO4 at concentration 100 mM (78.57%), followed by ZnO. Under field experiments, foliar spraying of sesame plants with ZnO, ZnSO4, K2HPO4 and Na2HPO4 at the rate of 100 mM reduced disease severity compared to the control treatment. ZnO gave the highest reduction in disease severity followed by ZnSO4. These compounds improved agronomic characters of sesame, i.e. plant height, number of branches and capsules/plant, weight of 1000 seeds (g), seed yield/feddan and percentage of oil seeds. K2HPO4 treatment was the most effective on all studied agronomic characters than other compounds.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41386_44f8c3767853874844892f2367db9d6b.pdf
Helminthosporium leaf spot
Sesamum indicum
zinc
phosphorus
yield
Oil content
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
209
213
10.21608/jppp.2018.41389
41389
Original Article
Abundance and Generation Determination of the Mango Shield Scale Milviscutulus mangiferae (Green) (Coccidae: Homoptera) an Invasive Coccid Infesting Mango Orchards at Qaliobiya Gevernorate
Sahar Attia
1
Maha Abd Elrazzik
2
Sahar Abd-Elaziz
3
Scale Insect and Mealy bug Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Scale Insect and Mealy bug Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
The obtained results showed that the population fluctuation of Milviscutulus mangiferae (Green)was studied on mango trees for the two successive years (2016/2017) and (2017-2018) in Qalubyia Governorate, the activity of M. mangifrae took place from early April until January with three periods of high activity synchronized with the three growth flushes of mango trees, these periods of the activity of the tree and the studied pest recorded in spring, summer and autumn.Milviscutulus mangiferae on mango trees indicated the occurrence of three generations per a year. The first generation (spring), with duration of 4.5 and 4 months during two years. The second generation (summer) with duration of (2&3 months). The third generation (autumn/wnter) with duration of (5&4.5 months), (marked by hibernated adult females).There were abnormal relationship between the total population and the metrological factors.The activity of the associated parasitoid Coccophagus scutellaris (Dalman)started from May until Feb. with synchronization of the pest occurrence, the high activity of the two years of study recorded on [(mid May, 1st Aug., mid Oct. and 1st Jan.) with (12, 16, 35 and 12 individuals)] and [(mid May, mid Jul., 1st Oct. and mid Nov.) with (14, 11, 28 and 23 individuals)] respectively.The rate of parasitism ofC. scutellarishad a four generations (period of parasitism) per a year of studyin spring, summer, autumn and winter (parasitized on over wintered stages).
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41389_ef46bef1f4323665f5e44cfd3172816e.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
215
218
10.21608/jppp.2018.41391
41391
Original Article
Effect of Sowing Date, Varietal Susceptibility and Egg–Parasitoid, Trissolcus basalis (Woll.) On the Population Size of Nezara viridula L. in Soybean Fields
F. Hegazy
1
M. Khattab
2
Ghada Eissa
3
I. Mesbah
4
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Tanta Univ., Egypt.
Piercing-sucking Insect Dept., Plant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokki, Giza
Piercing-sucking Insect Dept., Plant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokki, Giza
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Tanta Univ., Egypt.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sowing date, varietal susceptibility and egg–parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Woll.) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on the population size of Nezara viridula L. in soybean field at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during two growing seasons of soybean, Glycine max (L.); 2016 and 2017. Statistical analysis of data revealed that the early sown plants in the first season were more preferable to infestation by N. viridula and late sowing plants in the second season. The variety Giza 111 and Crawford appeared as susceptible (S), while Giza 35, Giza 21 and H30 appeared as low resistant (LR). The biggest peak of parasitism (88.19%) was recorded on 1st September Throughout 2016 season, while in 2017 season the highest peak (97.01%) was recorded on 24th July. Also, T. basalis was the only parasitoid emerged from eggs of N. viridula.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41391_30edaae1e1bbc37dfa90a0873d69afa4.pdf
Nezara viridula
Soybean
sowing date
varietal susceptibility
egg-parasitoid
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
219
224
10.21608/jppp.2018.41393
41393
Original Article
Terrestrial Gastropods: Survey and Relationships between Land Snail Assemblage and Soil Properties
Fadia Heiba
1
M. Mortada
2
S. Geassa
3
A. Atlam
4
Sahar Abd El-Wahed
5
Faculty of Science, Tanta Univ.,
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza.
Faculty of Science, Tanta Univ
Faculty of Science, Tanta Univ
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza.
Terrestrial gastropods (snail and slug) species were studied concerning their occurrence survey and population density in 25 localities representing five districts of Kafr EL-Sheikh Governorate, during September 2015 to August 2016. An attempts to obtain basic information concerning their relationships between land snail species assemblage and soil properties .Ten herbivorous species, eight land snails and two land slugs' species belonging to three families Helicidae, Succinidae, Limacidae of order Stylomatophora were found on different crops. Population density of Land snails and slug species varied in their incidence and level of infestation according to each locality and host type. Soil samples were taken from five districts due to analytical chemically and assess the relationships between low or high snail population density and soil component. There is positive relation between terrestrial gastropods population and soil calcium content. Organic matter, soil PH and salinity (EC, electric conductivity) with low and high density in all districts were average [(1.2 and 2.9), (7.54 and 9.01) and (1.54 and 4.52)] respectively. It is clearly that Organic matter, soil PH and EC had negative correlation with land gastropods low or high densities. However, the quantitative species composition of the land snail assemblage is related to soil properties to a lower degree than snail density and species richness, and other habitat characteristics such as vegetation can be important for species abundance.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41393_5ee1409be84f775bf54fb7102880feb0.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
225
230
10.21608/jppp.2018.41394
41394
Original Article
Impact of Biocide, Insecticides, Compost and Mineral Fertilizers Treatments on the Abundance of Parasitoid and Predator Insects in Rice Fields
M. El-Sheikh
1
F. Hegazy
2
A. Hendawy
3
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt
Biological Control Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute,Agricultural Research, Center, Giza, Egypt.
The present study was designed to investigate the effect of rice straw compost, recommended mineral fertilizers, Organic Insecticides and chemical Insecticides on the abundance pattern of natural enemies in rice ecosystems. To maximize rice productivity, rice growers tend to use chemical fertilizers and pesticides particularly to control different pest species, regardless of damage levels. Accordingly, rice fauna of natural enemies is severely impaired, leading to unbalanced rice ecosystems. The current investigation was carried out at the experimental farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh during 2016 and 2017 rice seasons. Using both D–Vac machine and pit–fall traps, parasitoids and predator insects were surveyed. Twelve hymenopterous parasitoid species were surveyed. Most of the parasitoid species were found belonging to Mymaridae, Trichogrammatidae and Braconidae. Twenty insect predator species, related to 13 families and seven orders, were identified, most of which are belonging to Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. Also this study aimed to surveying natural enemies (parasitoids and predator insects) and the effect of compost as an organic fertilizer on population densities of such beneficial insects. Although the application of insecticides successfully controlled insect pests, these chemicals have almost eradicated (more than 90 % reduction) the natural enemies. Biocide applications, especially Achook (Neem) and Tracer, achieved a considerable insect pest control, with population reductions of 33.30-57.32 and 10-46.01%, respectively. Unfortunately, the evaluated biocides induced mortalities to the considered natural enemies, but with too much less levels than did the insecticides. The current results indicate that the biocides could be applied to control rice insects in case of moderate insect infestations, with taking into consideration that they are not completely safe to the beneficial insects.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41394_0fe4a347e79b212fa1d4022a6a29096e.pdf
rice field
Parasitoids
Predators
compost
Biocide
Insecticides
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
231
236
10.21608/jppp.2018.41395
41395
Original Article
Comparative Effect between of Teflubenzuron, Bacillus thuringiensis and Serratia marcescens Individually and Combined on Transaminase Activities of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd)
S. Abd EL- Naby
1
Saheir EL-Lakwah
2
T. Elsheikh
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza
The second instars S. littoralis larvae were exposed to the LC50 of Teflubenzuron, Bacillus thuringiensis Var. kurstaki. , and the concentration (MC50)of Serratia marcescens causes 50% malformation for pupae, separately and in sequential combined of both B. thuringiensis/ S.marcescens (Bt/Sm) and Teflubenzuron/S.marcescens to compare the effect of the tested pesticides on the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity during pupal stage of Spodoptera littoralisBoisd. Treatment with B. thuringiensis or S. marcescens alone revealed generally significant decreases to AST through pupal stage relative to control. The highest levels of (AST) aspartate aminotransferase activities were clearly found in individual treatment with Teflubenzuron. On the other hand , when the sequential combined effect treatment B. thuringiensis/ S. marcescens (Bt/Sm) was used , there were more reduction in the AST activity at 2nd , 4th and 10th days than that of S. marcescens and generally ,during the pupal stage, the sequential Bt/Sm had less effect than individual B. thuringiensis . The effect of Teflubenzuron / S. marcescens ((Teflu/Sm) commonly was higher than individual S. marcescens but less effective than Teflubenzuron alone. Also, Teflubenzuron had an effect on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity higher than B. thuringiensis which was effective than S.marcescence. In contrast, in the sequential combined effect treatments, Bt/Sm exhibited more decreasing effect at 2nd , 12th and 14th day of pupation (-72.93% , -82.86% and -89.56% , respectively ) than treatment with B. thuringiensis alone. Teflu/Smcaused significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase activity except at 4th and 6th days, where there is significant increase. The increase at 6th day (203.56%) was higher than that of Teflubenzuron alone (126.18%) or S. marcescens (47.60%). But overall, Teflubenzuron alone had the highest effect
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41395_f6b5222a0bfa53a0fc3c3bc1bde640e4.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
237
245
10.21608/jppp.2018.41396
41396
Original Article
Amelioration of the Structural and Biochemical Features of Kidney Bean against Root Rot and Rust Diseases
K. Abd El-Hai
1
Abeer Ali
2
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
The influential fabaceous crop; Phaseolus vulgaris L. is subjected to destructive infection by root rot and rust diseases, causing serious damage to productivity. The possible role of gibberellic acid (GA3), paclobutrazol (PBZ), and abscisic acid (ABA) in improving the structural and biochemical resistance against such kidney bean diseases were studied. Pathogenicity test indicated that all tested root rot pathogenic fungi caused symptoms of damping-off. Pythium ultimum was the most aggressive in pre-emergence damping-off while Fusarium oxysporum gave the highest values of post-emergence damping-off and seedlings mortality. PBZ and ABA showed fungicidal activity against mycelia growth of root rot fungi. The high concentration of PBZ (150 ppm) was the most effective. PBZ and ABA significantly reduced the root rot and rust diseases, but GA3 induced both diseases. Botanically, GA3 (150 ppm) maximized plant height, and (PBZ 100 ppm) maximized branches number. Biochemically, both PBZ and ABA increased chlorophyll content, carotenoids, total phenolics and total soluble carbohydrates except the high level of ABA (15 ppm), which gave opposite results. On the other hand, GA3 decreased chlorophyll content, phenols and total soluble carbohydrates. With regard to enzymes activity GA3, PBZ and ABA induced the activity of peroxidase enzyme while reduced polyphenol oxidase activity. Anatomically, infected roots characterized by complete distraction changes in the epidermis and separation of some cortex tissue area. On the other side, all tested treatments decreased the harmful effects of pathogen fungi on root structure. In this respect, PBZ gave the highly effect. PBZ and ABA increased the thickness of leaflet and mesophyll tissue. So also, observed increase on stem diameter, cortex thickness, number of cortex cell layers and phloem fibers thickness. The application of PBZ at 100 ppm maximized the number of plant pods. GA3 at 100 ppm gave the highest 100-seed weight. Therefore, treatments with either PBZ (100 ppm) or ABA (10 ppm) is recommended for alleviation the harmful effects of root rot and rust diseases in kidney bean.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41396_26bdaba23d6bdaf8894ecde88a6416ff.pdf
Structural resistance
biochemical resistance
beans
growth regulators
anatomy
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2018-03-01
9
3
247
252
10.21608/jppp.2018.41397
41397
Original Article
Study on Cotton Host Plants of Mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) and Efficiency Release the Predator Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) for its Controlling on Cotton Plants in Egypt
Samah Ibrahim
samah_elasklany@yahoo.com
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 7 Nadi El-Seid St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley)has a new distribution and attack important host plants such as cotton (Gossypium barbadense L), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) eggplants(Solanum melongena L.) ornamental plants and certain weeds growing in Giza and Qalyubia Governorates. This studies carried out in Egypt, during two seasons (March to December, 2014 and 2015).The predators ladybird beetle "Ccoccinella septumpuctata L., Scymnus syriacus Mars, Hyperaspis vinciguerrae Capra, Orius laevigatus (Fieber), true spider Cheiracanthium isiacum Cambridge (Clubionidae : Arachnida) . and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) were recorded in association with P .solenopsis in previous Governorates. The feeding potential of the predator, C. carnea larvae were studied under semi-field conditions on cotton plants grown under green house during summer seasons in environment-controlled chambers. The population of cotton mealybug was recorded before and after release of the predator C. carnea. The mean results of the reduction percentage after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days from the release of different rates of predator larvae (5, 10 and 20 larvae) were 90.5 %, 86.8 %, and 86.05 % for adults, and 96.03 %, 92.4 %, and 94.6 % for nymphs of P. solenopsis. The results indicate that five larvae C. carnea per 100 nymphs of the pest can be used as a biological control against P.solenopsis during the management programme
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41397_63aec2d091d9b8a87d458c6d06c5bf53.pdf
Mealybug
Predators
vegetables
weeds
Ornamental plants