eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
151
153
10.21608/jppp.2017.46180
46180
Original Article
Effect of some Host Plants on Susceptibility of American Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) for some Insecticides
A. Zaki
1
A. Amer
2
A. El-Sayed
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki Giza, Egypt
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki Giza, Egypt
Effect of host plants pea, okra and lettuce on the efficacy of emamectin benzoate SC 1.5% + indoxacarb EC 7.5% (Penny), Thiomethoxam WG25% (Actara) and lufenuron EC 5 % (Match) against the 1st inster larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) were studied under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the larvae fed on pea treated with penny were more susceptibility followed by okra, lettuce and finally diet. The LC50 values were 0.032, 0.040, 0.072 and 0.274 ppm, respectively. While, the larvae fed on pea treated with Actara was most susceptible followed by okra, lettuce and diet. The LC50 values were 0.074, 0.571, 1.951 and 6.010 ppm, respectively. In case of Match, the larvae fed on okra was most susceptibility and the LC50 values were 0.068 ppm. The order of relative toxicity of different insecticides against H. armigera was maximum in larvae fed on lettuce (27.094), diet (21.934), okra (14.275) and pea (2.813) with Penny, respectively. The larvae fed on treated lettuce with three insecticides was less susceptibility than other two host plants. The used host plants were affected the susceptibility of 1st instar larvae of H. armigera against different insecticides.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46180_3bd9d3adf357f6885e9b5ff6de42fac8.pdf
Helicoverpa armigera
Host plants
susceptibility
Emamectin benzoate
Indoxacarb
thiomethoxam
lufenuron
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
155
164
10.21608/jppp.2017.46183
46183
Original Article
Integration of EM-X Biofertilization and Sowing Methods on Encouragement of Sunflower Productivity and Charcoal Rot Control under Reclaimed Soil Conditions
A. Abdel-Ati
dr.abdelati@gmail.com
1
Abeer El-Hadidy
2
Plant Production Department - Desert Research Center, El-Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
Plant Protection Department - Desert Research Center, El-Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
Two field experiments were carried out at 6 October farm, El-Nubaria Province, the desert backyard of El-Behaira Governorate- Egypt during the two successive summer seasons (2010 and 2011) to study the effect of the integration between different sowing methods and different bio fertilization treatments on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) var. Giza-102 productivity and charcoal rot disease management caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidunder the reclaimed soil conditions. Rides sowing methods were found to be more effective in reducing M.phaseolina population and charcoal rot, therefore enhance sunflower productivity compared to the other examined sowing methods. EM-X { EM1 + Bacillus subtilis + mycorrhiza + Azotobacter sp.} was found to be more effective in reducing M.phaseolina population and charcoal rot, therefore enhance sunflower productivity compared to the other examined biofertilization treatments including the conventional chemical fertilization as the control treatment. The integration between ridges sowing method with tillage and EM-X{ EM1 + B. subtilis + mycorrhiza + Azotobacter sp.} was found to be the furthermost advised agricultural practices under these conditions as land degradation neutrality (LDN) technology that enhances land cover and area unit productivity under these conditions.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46183_3ab04e656f8d6c7452ed2d8194107cc8.pdf
Effective microorganisms (EM-X)
biological fertilization
Helianthus annuus
Macrophomina phaseolina
productivity
LDN
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
165
171
10.21608/jppp.2017.46185
46185
Original Article
Biopotentials of Marine Algae Extracts against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita
Mona Abdel Rasoul
mona.abdelnaby@agr.dmu.edu.eg
1
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Albeheira, 22516
Nematicidal activity of four species of marine algae Ulva fasciata Delile (UF) (green algae), Corallina mediteranea, Corallina officinalis (red algae) and Spirulina platensis (blue-green algae) at concentrations of (125, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) for aqueous and ethanolic extracts were investigated against the knot-root nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in laboratory and greenhouse on tomato plants. In laboratory experiments, all tested algae caused significant mortality of the second larval stage (J2). It was, also, noticed that the tested algae reduced egg hatching. Ethanol extract of all algae possesses highest nematicidal activity than water extract. U. fasciata,ethanolic extracts showed the highest nematicidal activity among the tested algae in vitro. The results of greenhouse experiment clarified that the tested ethanolic extracts of all algae, reduced numbers of root galls, egg masses and population of nematodes of tomato plants at concentration 1000 mg/kg soil compared to the inoculated control. U. fasciata was the most effective treatment in reducing root galls, egg masses and final population of the nematode except for oxamyl. Results revealed that all tested treatments increased various measures of plant growth characters; fresh shoot and root weights and lengths as well as reduced the root- knot infestation. Among all of the tested algae, U. fasciata followed by C. officinalis and C. mediteranea were the most effective treatments to increase both fresh shoot & root weights and lengths. None of the algae was phytotoxic at the tested treatments. A chemical constituent of U. fasciata was recognized by GC-MS. GC-MS analysis, exhibited the presence of organic component such as bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate which ranked the first with 63.75%, followed by diethyl phthalate (18.46%). Results stated that marine algae and especially, U. fasciata exhibited significant nematicidal activity in-vitro and in-vivo experiments and could be considered as useful natural namaticidal agents.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46185_d68d7cc840a5673fda480145da57bb08.pdf
Marine algae
Nematicidal activity
Meloidogyne incognita
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
173
175
10.21608/jppp.2017.46187
46187
Original Article
Influence of Four Chemical Nematicides on Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Squash Plants under Greenhouse Conditions
A. El-Sherif
1
O. Nassar
2
S. Gad
3
H. El-Nahas
4
Nematology Research Unit, Agric. Zoology Dept. Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
Nematology Research Unit, Agric. Zoology Dept. Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
Nematology Research Unit, Agric. Zoology Dept. Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
Nematology Research Unit, Agric. Zoology Dept. Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.
Greenhouse trial was conducted to assess the impact of three chemical nematicides i.e. Furdan, Gupter and Mocap in contrast with the oxamyl on vegetation of squash cv. Elxandrany under the stress of M. incognita contamination at the greenhouse situation (25± 3◦C). The obtained data indicated that all tested nematicides enhanced squash plant growth with various degrees. Mocap surpassed extra chemicals in the increment percentage increase values of plant length (83.65%), quantity of flowers and leaves (85.39& 56.54%) sum plant fresh weight (35.2%) and shoot arid weight (87.1%), and surpassed other chemicals in surpassing final nematode population (96.0%), number of galls and eggmasses (99.2 & 99.9%), followed by Gupter with values of 95.1, 98.6 and 99.1% for the similar nematode criteria, comparing to nematode only, in that order. Furdan exhibited the slighter values in this respect. The rate of nematode reproduction factor (RF) of M. incognita on squash were negatively affected by the tested nematicides and ranged between 0.077 for Furdan and 0.12 for oxamyl vs 1.97 for nematode single-handedly, respectively. The root galls and eggmasses indices of furdan and Gupter were on parity (3&3 and 1&1), respectively vs. 5&5 for nematode alone. Oxamyl as the typical nematicide gave indices of galls and eggmasses values of 2&2 vs 5&5 for nematode alone, respectively.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46187_52046196052d49f6217a8514fdb9f50d.pdf
Cucurbitaceae
control
Meloidogyne incognita
Furdan
Gupter
Mocap
Oxamyl
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
177
180
10.21608/jppp.2017.46189
46189
Original Article
Dispersal of the Land Snail Eobania vermiculata in Citrus Orchards in Sharkia Governorate.
Sh. Ismail
1
M. Issa
2
S. Shetaia
3
M. Khattab
4
Plant Protection Institute, Agric. Res. Cent. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Protection Institute, Agric. Res. Cent. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Protection Institute, Agric. Res. Cent. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Plant Protection Institute, Agric. Res. Cent. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Vertical and horizontal dispersals of the land snail Eobania vermiculata(Müller, 1774) were investigated in citrus orchards cultivated with navel orange surrounded with casuarina trees at Inshas locality, Belbies district, Sharkia Governorate during the growing season 2014\2015. Results revealed that in vertical distribution, the population density of snails decreased by increasing distances on navel orange trees. Spring season harbored the highest population densities followed by summer and winter. Regarding vertical distribution on casuarina trees, it was noticed that summer season has the highest population densities followed by spring and winter. The same trend was observed for the three levels where population densities decreased by increasing high distances on casuarina trees. Regarding, horizontal distribution on navel orange trees, it was noticed that population density slightly decreased by increasing distances from the adjacent orchards for the growing seasons. Population density of the snails didn’t clearly differ during the three growing seasons.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46189_5e460d421ac0a9a57e3272efca73c244.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
181
188
10.21608/jppp.2017.46192
46192
Original Article
Evaluation of New Sources of Resistance to Wheat Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), under Egyptian Field Conditions
A. Abu Aly
dr.abdelaziz_abualy@yahoo.com
1
R. Omara
redaomara43@gmail.com
2
Nagwa Abd El-Malik
3
Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
Wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is the most destructive rust disease in Egypt and worldwide. The current study was performed during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons to evaluate 57 wheat genotypes, selected from a total of 554 wheat genotypes from CIMMYT for their field reaction to stripe rust infection, as the new sources of resistance. Four epidemiological parameters, i.e. FRS %, ACI, AUDPC and rAUDPC, as well as 1000 kernel weight were used as criteria to evaluate stripe rust resistance and yield potentiality. The analysis of variance data depicted extensive and high significant differences among different wheat genotypes under study for their response to stripe rust infection each year. Out of 57 wheat genotypes, only 12 wheat promising lines; no's 1, 2, 3, 12, 13, 14, 16, 21, 22, 25, 50 and 51 had high resistance potentiality to be used as new sources to enhance the level of stripe rust resistance in the local breeding cultivars, making it possible to minimize the reliance on fungicides without impairing disease control. Correlation analysis gave an evidence to the importance of all parameters under study, especially FRS (%) and ACI as good indicators for the evaluation of adult plant resistance (APR) in the tested wheat lines against stripe rust under field conditions. High heritability estimates (up to 99%) and moderate to high values of genetic advance, expected from selection, were obtained for all the studied traits, revealing that most of the phenotypic variations were due to genetic factors or genetic structure of the studied genotypes. Also, it is an indicative for the possibility to achieve high success in recovering the desired genes for stripe rust resistance in future generations. Moreover, it means that the genetic variations were less affected by the changes in environmental conditions from season to another season. It could be concluded that FRS (%) and ACI are considered to be more appropriate indicators, rather than AUDPC and rAUDPC for screening large numbers of breeding materials, because they were more easily to be applied or handled for the breeders that facilitates the success of selection process, during a national breeding program without more time consumption.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46192_abb7e7307472e4eb189bcc96881274a3.pdf
Wheat
stripe rust
resistant genotypes
heritability
genetic advance
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
2017-04-01
8
4
189
194
10.21608/jppp.2017.46193
46193
Original Article
Comparison among the Toxicity of Thymol and Certain Pesticides on Adults Survival and Egg Hatchability of the Glassy Clover Snail Monacha cartusiana (MÜLLER)
Mona Ali
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Land gastropods have become important economic pests attacking various vegetation in Egypt. This study aimed to determine the molluscicidal activity of the monoterpenoids compound, Thymol and three pesticides (Neomyl, Kafrothrin and Round up) against adult's survival and egg hatchability of the glassy clover snail Monachacartusiana under laboratory and field conditions. Poisonous baits technique gave better results than did leaf dipping technique. The obtained results indicated that Neomyl was the most effective one followed by Thymol and Kafrothrin then Round up which had the lowest affect against the adult of M. cartusianawith LC50 0.79, 1.78, 3.62 and 0.49 ppm respectively. Also, Neomyl was the most effective one on the incubation period of eggs of M. cartusiana(25 days in average) followed by Thymol (23.5 days in average), Kafrothrin (23 days in average) and Round up (22 days in average). Similar trend was noticed with mean egg hatchability with values of 1.0, 1.8, 3.0 and 4.4, respectively. In field experiment represented using poisonous baits of such compounds Neomyl (72.61%) gave the highest reduction percentage in Egyptian clover fields naturally infested with M. cartusiana followed by Thymol (55.82%) and Kafrothrin (50.03%) then Round up (17.20%). The obtained results proved that the use of Thymol in controlling harmful land snail would achieve effectiveness comparable to synthetic molluscicides.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46193_af5ee804c774b0e176e12ec2086dc7e6.pdf
Land snails
Monacha cartusiana
Thymol
Pesticides