ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF BIOCONTROL AGENTS AND NATURAL PLANT EXTRACTS AND OILS ON THE GROWTH OF Rhizoctonia solani, A PATHOGEN ON TOMATO, IN VITRO
Survey on damping off and wilt diseases of tomato caused by Rhizoctonia solani was conducted at 6 counties in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. A higher percentage of disease incidence (DI) was detected in tomato beds in open fields when compared with seedlings produced in plastic trays at commercial nurseries in greenhouses. Disease incidence ranged from 0-18% in the surveyed fields. The highest DI ratios were found in Bany Ebaid, El-Manzala and Belqas Counties; while lower DI percentages (0-12%) were recorded in counties of ElMansoura, Talkha and Aga. Data obtained in this study showed high antagonistic effect of Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and T. hamatum that caused a significant reduction in the linear growth of R. solani ranged from 62.5% to 72.73% after 7 days of incubation. Gliocladium roseum had the least inhibition effect of the linear growth of the pathogen (40.91%). All plant extracts caused significant reduction in the linear growth of R. solani, which ranged from 18.89% to 100% after 7 days of incubation. Mint, onion, rocket, cinnamon and cabbage extracts caused a complete inhibition of the pathogen growth at 0.25 and 0.50 concentrations. Ginger extract caused inhibition ranged from 36.36% to 85.56%. Rocket and pepper extracts were ranked the least inhibitors of R. solani linear growth.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83676_8742637e11b42266ea0d3334c24cd949.pdf
2012-01-01
1
12
10.21608/jppp.2012.83676
Rhizoctonia solani
Tomato
biological control
Plant extracts
Essential oils
A.
Elsheshtawi
1
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
AUTHOR
T.
El-Gazzar
2
Department of Vegetables and Floriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.
AbouTabl
3
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Ebid
4
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
INSECTICIDE MIXTURES FOR CONTROLLING WHITEFLY
Many insecticides were displayed failure of its effectiveness towards whitefly; in the reason of insecticide resistance and to facilitate and solve these problems, the mixing of the depressed insecticide with another insecticide which didn’t lost the efficiency were considered helpful. A binary mixtures of commonly used insecticides for controlling whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) with five organophosphorous insecticides were bioassayed using leaf dip method to accomplish the most dependable mixture. As well as the potency evaluation on the whitefly field collection with all mixtures tested was gets a good shift in LC50s. Pirimiphos-methyl mixed with all other tested insecticides in ratio of 1:1exhibits the minimum potentiation ratio (PR) obtained in the study gave followed it the chlorpyrifos-methyl mixed in ratio of 1:10 and chlorpyrifos-ethyl in ratio of 1:4 ppm. The higher synergistic effect was obtained with four cases: cypermethrin, spinosad /fenitrothion 1:4 mixture and cypermethrin, deltamethrin / profenofos 1:10 mixture. Some insecticides combinations exhibit Potentiation Ratio was significantly below 1 (antagonistic effect) and in contrast some insecticides combinations exhibit PR were not significantly different from 1(additive effect).
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83684_8801afe792ec05cc5a6c7686952ff324.pdf
2012-01-01
13
22
10.21608/jppp.2012.83684
Hanan
Diab
1
Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF CERTAIN MICROELEMENTS ON GRAIN SORGHUM STALK ROT CAUSED BY Fusarium moniliforme J. SHELD.
Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)]is subjected to infection by certain diseases causing great and substantial damage to the crop. Fusarium stalk rot of sorghum caused by F. moniliforme (J. Sheld) represents the common stalk rot in Egypt and many areas of the world.The tested sorghum cultivars reacted differently to F. moniliforme in the two tested seasons. Giza15 sorghum cv. exhibited the highest percentage of infection and disease index followed by Shandaweel 6. Dourado sorghum cv. exhibited the lowest percentage of infection and disease index in both growing seasons. In vitro, the microelements (copper, zinc, manganese and their mixture) at 2g L-1 significantly reduced the linear growth of F. moniliforme. Copper and the mixture treatment exhibited the highest toxic effect on the tested pathogen, followed by zinc. Manganese exhibited the lowest toxic effect. Seed treatments with different microelements significantly increased peroxidase activity in sorghum leaves as compared with untreated ones. The highest peroxidase activity was obtained in both sorghum cultivars with the mixture treatment and copper then, zinc treatment. Treatment of sorghum seeds with manganese exhibited the lowest peroxidase activity in both Giza15 and Dourado sorghum cultivars. Chlorophyll a and b concentrations in the leaves of copper- and zinc- treated plants were significantly higher than those of manganese compared with untreated plants (control). In mixture treatments, the interaction between sorghum cultivars and microelements had significant effect on chlorophyll content. Based on the present data, it is recommended to use a mixture of microelements on grain sorghum to control or at least alleviate the infection by F.moniliforme.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83694_d4138c1cdaccd483bc6d1640b65aa787.pdf
2012-01-01
23
33
10.21608/jppp.2012.83694
Microelements
Sorghum
stalk rot
Fusarium moniliforme
M.
Asran
1
Plant Pathology Dept., Fac. Agric., Sohag Univ., Sohag, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
SOME BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE COTTON LEAFWORM, Spodoptera littoralis (BOISD.) REARED ON NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL DIETS
The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Noctuide : Lepidoptera) was reared on two artificial diets (kidney bean and broad bean) and natural diet comparable with feeding on (castor oil bean leaves) under laboratory conditions at. 27±1°C and 70±5% R.H. The biological aspects were evaluted thorough eight generations. The two artificial diets were more preferred to the insect than the natural diet . The results revealed that the mean weight of the larval instars of S. Littoralis reared on the diets were significantly higher than that reared on the natural diet . The deposited eggs per female were slightly higher on artifical diet than those laid on natural diet. Moreover, the duration of generations were affected by the rearing on the two diets (33 and 32 days), respectively, while not affected when rearing on the castor oil bean leaves (42 days). Larval stage duration was significantly higher when reared on board bean than rearing on the castor oil bean leaves. The adult females of longevity was 7, 9 and 6 when feeding on kidney bean, broad bean and castor oil bean leaves, respectively. It be concluded that brood bean diet is the best to conduct out the different bio assays for the cotton leafworm , S littoralis
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83698_52f251fb899f81f85f6ad068a18acf61.pdf
2012-01-01
35
41
10.21608/jppp.2012.83698
A.
Matar
1
Plant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Research Center, Dokky, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hanan
Osman
2
Plant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Research Center, Dokky, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Shekeban
3
Plant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Research Center, Dokky, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF LEMONGRASS, Chymbopogon citratus (DC.) STAPF AGAINST Tetranychus urticae KOCH
The chemical constituents of the essential oil of lemongrass, Chymbopogon citratus that collected from Sharquia Governorate, Egypt, were determined by GC-MS analysis. Geranial and neral were the basic constituents in the essential oil that recorded (48.692 and 34.137%, respectively). Moreover, the acaricidal and repellent activity of the essential oil were evaluated against T. urticae under laboratory conditions. According to LC50 and LC90, the lemongrass oil was more toxic against adults of T. urticae using spraying method than leaf dip technique method (direct feeding). Moreover, all the tested concentrations of the essential oil significantly reduced hatchability percentages of T. urticae eggs than control, that recorded (85.33 ± 3.72, 77.33 ± 3.76, 57.33 ± 3.59 and 33.33 ± 3.01%) for (0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 %, respectively). Control gave 96.00 ± 0.00%. Also, the higher used concentration of lemongrass oil, recorded the highest significant repellency percentages against adults of T. urticae (79.96 ± 3.44%). While the lower one gave the least significant decrease (46.32 ± 2.61%).
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83699_eb7ec2d429731c28341927c5b5fd282e.pdf
2012-01-01
43
51
10.21608/jppp.2012.83699
Chymbopogon citratus
Lemongrass
chemical constituents
essential oil
Tetranychus urticae
Hala
Mead
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, A. R. C., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
FIELD EVALUATION OF SOME CONTROLLING COMPOUNDS AGENT FOR FRUIT FLY Ceratitis capitata (WIEDEMANN) IN ISMAILIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT
In the present study two experimental trails were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the food attractant (Buminal 5%) mixture with Dimethoate 40% E.C for controlling the fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) on mango orchard at Ismailia Governorate, Egypt during 2009 and 2010 by food attractant traps (traps baited) and partial spray for trees trunk in the experimental trails. Results showed that the mean reductions percentages by using Henderson and Tilton (1955) formula for both periods were 55.1 & 64.7 & 72.5 & 90.4 and 63.5&71.8& 73.1 & 82.5 respectively. Mean percentage of reductions during the same periods 2009 and 2010 were 70.7 and 72.7 %, respectively. Regarding the second experiment data showed that the total number of percent reduction for both years 2009 and 2010 were 56.5 & 71.0&80.6 & 78.3 and 60.9 & 64.0& 69.8 & 89.8% respectively, the mean percent of reduction were 71.6% and 71.1%, respectively.
The statistically analysis L.S.D.0.05 (P ˂0.05) showed that a positive significant and highly significant correlation for traps baited which values were 10.16 and 15.57 during the same periods. Also, a positive highly significant effect for partial spray were 9.06 and 11.22 during 2009 and 2010, respectively
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83701_48bf2f26ec26d94f1986c42690591f93.pdf
2012-01-01
53
57
10.21608/jppp.2012.83701
Field evaluation
compounds agent
Ceratitis capitata
Ismailia
A.
Hassan
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
H.
Nabil
2
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
W.
Desuky
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CERTAIN DATE PALM VARIETIES TO INFESTATION BY THE Parlatoria blanchardi (TARG.) (HOMOPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE) ON THE LEAFLET QUALITY, ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS AND THEIR INHIBITORS AT LUXOR GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.
The present investigation was carried out at Esna district, Luxor governorate during 15 September 2011, to determine the role of the two main essential nutrients and their inhibitors in susceptibility of five date palm varieties to infestation by Parlatoria blanchardi (Targ.). Date palm varieties varied significantly in their susceptibility to P. blanchardi. White variety was the highest infestation with the pest (23.9 insect/leaflet) and exhibited the highest concentrations of crude proteins, total carbohydrates and food quality index, but had exposed the lowest concentrations of both total tannins and phenolsin the infested leaflets compared with other the tested varieties. In contrast, Gendeila variety was the least infested variety by this insect (8.2 insect/leaflet). While, Malakaby, Seedy Balady and Shamia varieties were moderately infested with mean number of 17.2, 15.7 and 12.9 insect per leaflet, respectively. The levels of total soluble carbohydrates and crude proteins of infested date palm leaflets for all tested varieties were lower than those of the uninfested ones, while, tannins and phenols were lower in the uninfested varieties than in the infested ones. In addition, the increase in concentrations of soluble condensed tannins and phenols in leaflet might be due to an decrease in population density of insect in Shamia variety. Also, may be play a role in the defense mechanism of P. blanchardi infested date palm leaflets, thereby delay their death. It is clear that the highest percentage of reduction in crude proteins, carbohydrates and food quality index was measured in infested leaflets of White date palm variety as compared with the uninfested ones. The results revealed highly significant positive correlations between the rate of infestation by P. blanchardiand the percentage of reduction in crude proteins, carbohydrates and food quality index. In contrast,there wereinsignificant negative correlations between insect infestation and the percentage of reduction in tannins, fats and phenols. The loss in the measured parameters was a summation of many factors including level of infestation, time of infestation, variety and essential nutrients and inhibitors of leaflets. The relative role of these factors may differ among different varieties.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83705_41bbc7a5ef4375225260d41404054b72.pdf
2012-01-01
59
70
10.21608/jppp.2012.83705
Parlatoria blanchardi
date palm varieties
susceptibility
essential nutrients and inhibitors
food quality index
A.
Salman
1
Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric. Sohag Univ., Sohag, Egypt.
AUTHOR
S.
Moussa
saadmousa@insectbiotech.sci.eg
2
Scale Insects and Mealybugs Res. Dept., Plant Protection Res. Inst., A.R.C, Dokii, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Bakry
md.md_sabry@yahoo.com
3
Scale Insects and Mealybugs Res. Dept., Plant Protection Res. Inst., A.R.C, Dokii, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
COMPARATIVE STUDIES BETWEEN CARNIOLAN AND ITALIAN HYBRID HONEYBEES ACTIVITIES IN NASER CITY -CAIRO
The present study was performed during (2008&2009) in the apiary hybrid of the Faculty of Agriculture in AI-AzharUniversity in NaserCity -Cairo. Two hybrid races of honeybee (Apis mellifera L) colonies were used, hybrid of Carniolan and Italian honeybees. The present work aimed to evaluate the differences between brood area, comb built, honey production and amount of pollen grains collected by two hybrid races at different months during 2008-2009. The measured sealed brood areas in honeybee colonies were recorded two hybrid races colonies and they were different through year months. The statistical analysis showed significant differences between the mean weight of honey production between two hybrids ,Italian and Carniolan bees .While it not found significant differences between the mean amount of pollen grains collected by two hybrids races, at different months during 2008-2009 . Also the statistical analysis showed significant differences between the mean areas of comb built between two hybrids races.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_83709_20c1902a5ce015f844ce47675356d772.pdf
2012-01-01
71
79
10.21608/jppp.2012.83709
A.
El-Hefny
docachem@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Agriculture . Al-Azhar Univ.
AUTHOR
A.
Usef
2
Faculty of Agriculture . Al-Azhar Univ.
AUTHOR
I.
Shehata
3
Faculty of Agriculture . Al-Azhar Univ.
AUTHOR
S.
Ahmed
4
Faculty of Agriculture . Al-Azhar Univ.
AUTHOR