ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Toxicological Effects of Garlic Bulbs Aqueous Extract on Two Tetranychid Mites (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Experiments were conducted in the laboratory to assess the ability and stability of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) aqueous extract to control the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), and the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) in Egypt. Natural plant extracts, as (Allium sativum Linn.), have minimum-risk to the environment, so they can considered as an easy alternative to pesticides. Seven concentrations ranging from 2000 to 40000 ppm garlic were used to measure extract toxicity. Data showed that the maximum mortality values were 83.33and 86.67 % after 7 days, for T. urticae, and T. cinnabarinus, respectively. The effect of storage periods on the efficacy of different six concentrations of aqueous garlic extract on the same mite species was studied. Results indicated that the extract acaricidal activity decreased throw time for all tested concentrations. After four weeks it lost about 30% of its activity. Garlic aqueous extract significantly reduced egg deposition and egg hatchability of T. urticae and T. cinnabarinus. Regarding mites’ mortality and fecundity, there were no statistically significant differences between the two species. These experiments demonstrated that garlic aqueous extract is effective in the control of both tetranychid mite pests.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35803_b4c5a01828a69204292832e80662e73e.pdf
2018-01-08
1
7
10.21608/jppp.2018.35803
Mariam
Habashy
1
Crops and Cotton Mites Department, Plant Protec. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Flaxseed Oil Micro Particles: It’s Effect on Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Productivity and Antioxidant Activity
Increasing egg production is a necessary demand for silkworm rearing continuity in Egypt. Flaxseed plant has a compound that mimics estrogen hormone in vertebrates. Emulsions contain micro particles prepared from flaxseed oil were used in the present study as an exogenous source of phyto-estrogen. Micro particles size were measured by Zeta sizer and ranging from 1053 to 4087 nm with percentages 33.4 and 66.6 %, respectively. Fifth instar larvae were topically applied with flaxseed micro particles emulsion with three concentrations (0.25, 1 and 3 %) in addition to control every 48 hrs. The present study clarify that, 0.25% concentration have a tremendous effect on egg production and cocoon characters. As well as observations related to insect performance revealed maximum larval weight, effective rate of rearing (ERR), pupation percentage, pupal weight comparing with controls. On the other hand, deleterious effect was observed for concentrations (1 and 3%). Antioxidant activities were estimated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhryl free radical (DPPH*) scavenging activity reagent and the highest activity was recorded for 1 % treatment 36.947 %.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35809_0240cba1b2cd7796e82a1150f40c51bc.pdf
2018-01-08
9
13
10.21608/jppp.2018.35809
Bombyx mori L
Flaxseed oil
micro particles
Phytoestrogen
insect performance
Antioxidant activity
DPPH* scavenging activity
Rehab
Taha
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.
AUTHOR
O.
Sadek
2
Biochemistry Department, National Organization for Drug and Research, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Lethal and Sub-Lethal Effects of Four Insecticides on some parasitoids Associated with the Diaspidid Scale Insects.
A laboratory experiments had been conducted to study the toxic effect of lethal and sublethal concentrations of four insecticides (chlorpyrifos, spirotetramat, buprofezin and pyriproxifen) on the ectoparasitoid Aphytis lingnanensis and the endoparasitoid, Encarsia citrina. The obtained results indicated that the residual effect of chlorpyrifos, spirotetramat and buprofezin at the recommended concentration of (675, 40 and 250) ppm, respectively caused more than 90 % mortality to the parasitoid,A. linganensis, while, pyriproxifen (50 ppm) was the least toxic product caused 85% mortality. Chlorpyrifos was the most toxic compound to the parasitoid,E. citrina female,caused 100% mortality followed by spirotetramat (98.3%), buprofezin (95%) and pyriproxyfen (90%), respectively. Chlorpyrifos, buprofezin, pyriproxifen and spirotetramat at a concentration of 33.75, 12.5, 5 and 2 ppm, respectively had low toxic effect on the parasitoid females with no significant differences between the exposed and non-exposed (control) parasitoid females. The searching rate and mutual interference value of A. lingnanensis female treated with buprofezin was affected in comparison with those treated with the other tested compounds. Sublethal concentrations of pyriproxyfen and spirotetramat exhibited a slightly adverse effect on the searching behavior of E. citrina. On the contrary, the searching rate of the parasitoid females treated with chlorpyrifos and buprofezin was adversely affected. Reactions of A. lingnanensis and E. citrina adult females exposed by contact to sub lethal concentrations of the tested insecticides were observed in response to their hosts (A. aurantii and Q.perniciousus). Pyriproxyfen followed by spirotetramat did not significantly affected the behavior response (host recognition) of A. lingnanensis and E. citrina adult females to their hosts.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35817_4970d254ed3d7316a29f09a4233ec9af.pdf
2018-01-08
15
22
10.21608/jppp.2018.35817
M.
Abdel-Kareim,
1
Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Doki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Hamada
2
Pesticides Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
El-Nagar
3
Agric. Res. Center (ARC), Doki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Salwa
Negm
4
Pesticides Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Life Table Parameters, Thermal-Requirements and Development Rate of Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant) Reared on Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch)
Laboratory experiments were carried out in plant Protection Research Institute during 2016. The effect of temperatures under three different constant temperature (15, 25 and 35 oC) and rate of developmental time immature stages, growth index, developemantal rate, longevity, fecundity, and life table parameters of Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant), when reared on Tetranychus urticae (Koch) were studied. The relationship among developmental rate of each stage and tested temperatures was also investigated. There were significant ranges in total of developmental time immature stages of the predator (male and female) among the three tested temperatures when the predator was reared on T. urticae as preye. Mean while, developmental rate of S. gilvifrons male were higher at 35oC than 15 and 25oC when reared on this tetranychid mite. Adult male longevity was high significant shorter at 35 than 15 and 25oC. There were significant differences in pre-oviposition period at the three temperatures. In addition, there were significant ranges among pre-oviposition, oviposition, post ovi-position and total longevity when the predator was reared at the three constant temperatures. Fecundity rate was significantly higher at 35oC than at 15oC and 25oC when fed on the T.urticae prey. Mean generation time (T) and the doubling time (DT) were higher at 15oC than at 25oC and 35oC when fed on the T.urticae individuals. The value of the gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproduction rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) were higher at 35oC than at 15oC and 25oC.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35824_4e09faaf53af27aa70c7aaf2a3eec721.pdf
2018-01-10
23
29
10.21608/jppp.2018.35824
Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant)
thermal requirements
biological characteristic
life table
Tetranychus urticae (Koch)
Fatma
Saleh
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cowpea Aphid Aphis craccivora Koch as Insect Vector of Faba Bean Necrotic Yellow Virus (FBNYV) on Broad Bean Plants.
Ability of Aphis craccivora Koch to transmission of faba bean necrotic yellow virus (FBNYV) on broad bean plants was studied under laboratory conation. These studies were carried out in the laboratory of plant protection institute, Zagazig. The result show that the acquisition threshold feeding periods were ranged between 60 - 120 min. Incubation periods in A. craccivora ranged between 120-160 min., while in celery plants was 12 - 18 days.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35827_51313a149d95227fef76d3aadf131000.pdf
2018-01-10
31
33
10.21608/jppp.2018.35827
broad bean plants
celery plants
faba bean necrotic yellow virus
Cowpea Aphid Aphis craccivora Koch
Aml
Al-Habshy
1
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Some Aromatic Plant Extracts, Silica Nanoparticles and Imidacloprid on the Cotton Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and its Associated Parasitoid, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet on Tomato
This study was conducted at the Experimental Farm belonging to Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, ARC, during 2016 and 2017 seasons to investigate the role of aqueous extracts of nine aromatic plants, silica nanoparticle, and the insecticide Imidacloprid (admire) on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) infesting tomato plants . Results showed that the highest value of unhatched B. tabaci eggs was 84.40 and 84.60 %respectively on tomato plants treated with the highest concentration of geranium extract, which was significantly different from the other treatments. Silica nano particles killed90.99 and 91.00 %resp. of early nymphal stage , which was not significantly different from mortality caused by admire . Silica nano particles, spurge and geranium extracts prevented adult development and killed adults at levels that were not significantly different from admire . However, the extracts of four plants; geranium, peppermint, spurge and rosemary had high repellent effect against whitefly adults . The highest parasitism percentage (93.88 and 93.63% respectively) was recorded on tomato plants treated with the highest concentration of hot pepper extract, followed by 86.23 and 86.04%resp. on tomato plants sprayed with the highest concentration of sweet basil extract. While the lowest parasitism percentage (16.53 %in both the two seasons) was obtained on tomatoplants treated with imidacloprid.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35832_f598925eeca15bfee46cf12c80a312d8.pdf
2018-01-14
35
41
10.21608/jppp.2018.35832
Bemisia tabaci
Silica nanoparticles
Tomato
aromatic plants
Eretmocerus mundus
F.
Khafagy,
khafagyibrahi@yahoo.com
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha Agric. Res. Station, ARC
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amira
Ibrahim
2
Economic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafrelsheikh University
AUTHOR
Asmaa
El- Ghobary
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha Agric. Res. Station, ARC
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Some Ecological Factors Influencing Egg Hatching, Incubation Period, Food Consumption and Aestivation of Monacha cartusiana Snails Under Laboratory Conditions
This study was conducted on the land snail Monacha cartusiana to determine the influence of four different degrees of temperature (18, 20, 22 and 24 0C) treated with four levels of soil moisture (25,50,75 and 100% field capacity) on egg hatching and developmental period and to define the activity of snails during aestivation and food consumption under the effect of seven temperature degree ranges (5,10,15, 20, 25,30 and 350C) under laboratory conditions. The present data revealed that the optimum temperature (220C) for the highest percent of egg hatching was (78 and 76%) treated with 75 and 100% of soil field capacity and the shortest incubation and hatching period were 4.6 and 0.8 days at 240C with 75% soil moisture and at 200C with 50% soil moisture, respectively. Food intake by M. cartusiana on cabbage leaves was directly related to temperature and the land snail sizes. Feeding was maximal at 20 and 35 0C for juveniles (8-9, 10-11mm) and at 5 and 35 0C for all sizes of adults. All juveniles sizes showed higher food intake rate (general mean,31.14mg) than the adult sizes (general mean,30.20mg), as it increased by increasing only the shell size of all juveniles indicated by the general mean which could be arranged in an ascending order as follows,29.03, 31.04 and 33.37 mg for the size of (8-9), (9-10) and (10-11 mm), respectively, during three days. When the aestivated snails were exposed to serial levels of temperature degrees (starting from 10 to 400C,15 to 400C, 20 to 400C, 25 to 40 0C and 30 to 400C), were more active (19.2, 50, 17.2, and 3.6%) at temperature 25 0C and became less active with increasing temperature (0.4, 6.4, 7.6, 5.6 and 4%) at 40 0C. By the end of the experiment, all the aestivated snails become epiphragmed and only died when exposed suddenly to a lower temperature, while it still alive when exposed to higher temperature.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_35836_226c8628de792551caa4b2db042e21a0.pdf
2018-01-14
43
49
10.21608/jppp.2018.35836
Monacha cartusiana
Temperature
egg hatching
developmental period
food consumption
emergence from aestivation
Samah
Abdel-Kader
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Lokma
2
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR