ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Relationship between Aphid and Leafhopper Infestations and Chemical Constituents of three Wheat Varieties
Chemical analysis of ( carbohydrates ,protein, pH and amino acids) in three tested varieties of wheat plant( Sakha94,Giza168 and Balady) on the rate of infestation of some homopterous insects i.e. aphid insects (Rhopalosiphum maidis and R. padi ) and leafhopper insects(Balclutha hortensis , Empoasca decipiens and E decedens)was studied in order to clarify the importance of these chemical constituents on the rate of infestation and subsequently the effect on the quality of yield of these plants. These results showed that these were differences between the tested wheat varieties and the number of these insects.The Balady variety showed the highest infestation with the aforementioned insects ,while the Sakha94 was infested with the lowest number of the insects .There were significant difference between the aforementioned of all three varieties and the infestation with the tested insects. Chemical analysis results recorded a positive relationship between protein , carbohydrate contents, and amino acid and infestation ,while a reverse relation was recorded with pH values. Large differences were found between amino acids concentration in the three wheat varieties especially Proline, Serine , Aspartic acid and Alanine which were obviously between Balady variety and Sakha 94 variety.Highly significant positive correlation between aforementioned insects and free amino acids except Methionine , Cysteine and Phenylalanine the correlation was non-significant. Although, the total amount of amino acids present in phloem sap was low but they were a limiting factor for aphids and leafhoppers growth . Preliminary data on present work highlights a dependent .relation between plant quality and aphid and leafhopper number on three wheat varieties .
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_61070_e3d9ccfe057923951e4c502e554ee1a8.pdf
2019-09-01
423
426
10.21608/jppp.2019.61070
Wheat
Aphid population
leafhopper population
Amino acids
plant chemical composition
Ola
Hegab
drolahegab@gmail.com
1
Plant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of different Planting Dates on the Occurrence of Main Predators Inhabiting Five Maize Varieties
Experiments were carried out in the experimental farm of Dokhmes EL-Mahlla EL-kobra,Grbea Governorate and another farm of Abosken village,Alhamol,kafr E-LSheikh Governorate during two successive seasons,2014 and 2015 to study the effect of planting dates on the main predators inhabiting five different maize varieties .The results showed that the delayed planting dates in August for the different varieties of maize crop had an effect on the presence of the largest number of predators from early planting dates in April and June during the two seasons of investigation 2014and 2015. The statistical analysis revealed that, highly significant difference in the number of the predators in the planting dates during both seasons . This study recommends that the cultivation date in August of the five defferent varieties recorded the highest number of predator insects and therefore should not use insecticides in this planting date so as not to destroy the insect predators.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_59758_c8e154ea2dd28ab303dd342a4bbe34dc.pdf
2019-09-01
427
430
10.21608/jppp.2019.59758
F.
Abdallah
1
Plant Protection ,Research Institute , Sakha ,Agriculture ,Research Station .
AUTHOR
A.
Ghanim
2
Economic Entomology Department Faculty of Agriculturl ,Mansoura University.
AUTHOR
Hala
EL-Serafi
mhmohamed@mans.edu.eg
3
Economic Entomology Department Faculty of Agriculturl ,Mansoura University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Al-Damrawy
4
Plant Protection ,Research Institute , Sakha ,Agriculture ,Research Station .
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
In Vitro Integration of Trichoderma Harzianum with Chemical Pesticides Pertain to different Classes
Mycoparasitic play a vital role in biological control and IPM. Trichoderma harzianum has the potential to control a large number of plant pathogenic fungi. Application Trichoderma harzianum in IPM require knowing the potential effect resulted from combination with chemical pesticides, so, the study test the mixabilities of common chemical pesticides with T. harzianum radial growth, sporulation and biomass production of the fungus at 0.1, 0.5 and 1 of recommended dose (RD) concentrations. Based on comparison between the tested insecticides on mycelial growth, T. harzianum showed profuse mycelial growth with etoxazole followed by teflubenzuron, while, profenofos caused complete inhibition. On the other hand, the tested fungicides showed that penconazole was the most toxic fungicide inhibited completely the mycelial growth with all tested concentrations, while, copper oxychloride+metalaxyl cause the same effect on the two higher concentrations. Finally, the tested herbicides showed that glyphosate isopropylammonium and bentazone inhibited completely the mycelial growth of T. harzianum at 1 RD, while, lower two concentrations caused a middle inhibition effect. The best sporulation results were obtained from etoxazole, bentazone, teflubenzuron and diniconazole, to surpass the control, while, the rest of the pesticides either significantly reduced or prevent sporulation completely. Based on mycelial dry weight, bentazone surpassed the control. The study recommends mixing T. harzianum with diniconazole, etoxazole, teflubenzuron and bentazone, respectively. Whereas, penconazole and profenofos are completely in compatible with T. harzianum but the rest of tested pesticides has antisporulant effect and mycelial growth inhibition was high and depend on exposure concentration.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_57395_28dc2ad31d9c026a5537235f47599a5b.pdf
2019-09-01
431
436
10.21608/jppp.2019.57395
Trichoderma harzianum
Compatibility
mycelial growth
sporulation
Pesticides
insecticide
fungicides
herbicides
A.
Ali
aaalai@agri.zu.edu.eg
1
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Ramadan
2
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Distribution Patterns of Parlatoria oleae (Colvee) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) Infesting Mango Trees.
The present experiments were carried out during two consecutive years (2016/17 and 2017/18) to determine the effect of cardinal directions of tree, strata of tree, and leaf surfaces of mango trees on numbers of P. oleae at Esna district, Luxor Governorate, Egypt. The results obtained that, P. oleae occurred on all mango tree directions in all stratums of mango tree, and on surfaces of leaf on all the sampling days of the study. P. oleae prefers the upper surface on the bottom stratum of tree in southeastern side, which had the largest numbers of population allover the year during the two years of study. There were highly significant differences between the mean numbers of P. oleae on different cardinal directions of tree, and between the different stratums of tree, as well as between leaf surfaces during the two successive years, when the data were evaluated for combined effects of each whole year. Also, the results revealed that the months of autumn and summer were the most favorable seasons for P. oleae activity, multiplication and distribution through the two successive years. The results of this research can be used to draft monitoring methods for this pest and establishing IPM strategies for P. oleae.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_59761_44f790d0af073131caf7794d68706640.pdf
2019-09-01
437
441
10.21608/jppp.2019.59761
Parlatoria oleae
population density
distribution patterns
directional preference
mango trees
M.
Bakry
md.md_sabry@yahoo.com
1
Scale Insects and Mealybugs Research Dept., Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C, Dokii, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
I.
El-Zoghby
ielzoghby77@agr.aswu.edu.eg
2
Plant Protection Dept., Faculty of Agric. and Natural Resources, Aswan Univ., Aswan, Egypt
AUTHOR
Lamiaa
Mohamed
3
Scale Insects and Mealybugs Research Dept., Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C, Dokii, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Susceptibility of some Broad Bean Plant Varieties to the Infestation by Certain Piercing Sucking Insects, Egypt.
These experiments were carried out at Abo-Hammad district, Sharkia Governorate, during two growing seasons of broad bean plants (2016 / 2017 and 2017/ 2018). Some varieties of broad bean plants (Sakha 1, Giza 3 and Giza 843) to infestation with some aphid, leafhopper and whitefly insects and the effect of some chemical contents (protein, carbohydrate and pH values) to varieties of broad bean plants on the infestation of certain investigated insects. The obtained results cleared that Aphis craccivora (Koch) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) had two peaks on broad bean plants. One peak occurred for both Empoasca decipiens (Paoli) and Empoasca decedens (Paoli) during the two seasons. The whitefly (immature and adult stages), Bemesia tabaci (Genn) was the most abundant species showing two peaks . The effect of each of maximum, minimum temperature and relative humidity on the numbers of certain piercing sucking insects, it is obvious that the effect was clear. The obtained results showed that broad bean varieties could be arranged descendingly according to the number of pests as follows: Giza 843, Giza 3 and Sakha 1. Chemical analysis results showed an increase in protein and carbohydrate contents led to increase the mean number of some pests infesting these varieties, while increased of pH values led to decrease the mean number of pests and rate of infestation.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_59763_5eb1559eede7ca62265d95c17ec9ecb7.pdf
2019-09-01
443
449
10.21608/jppp.2019.59763
broad bean
varieties
seasonal fluctuations
homopterous insects
Aml
Al-Habshy
dr_aml1970@yahoo.com
1
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Abd-Elsamed
2
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
S.
Amer
3
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Population Fluctuations of Aphid and Leafhopper Insects Infesting Barely Plants and Some Predators, Egypt.
The present work was carried out at Diarb-Nigm district, Sharkia Governorate, during the two successive growing barley plants seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, to study the population fluctuationsof aphids, leafhoppers and their associated natural enemies. The obtained results showed that the aphid species were Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus)., R. maidis (Fitch) and Schisaphis graminum (R.), leafhoppers Empoasca decipiens (Paoli) and Empoasca decedens (Paoli), and predators Coccinella undecimpunctata (L.), Paederus alfierii (Koch.), Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and true spiders. The aforementioned insect pest were collected by two different methods from barley plants using plant sample and sweep net. The seasonal fluctuations of the aphid species on barley plants showed one peak at the 4th week of February, the 3rd week of February and the 1st week March of for R. padi, R. maidis and S. graminum for the two seasons, respectively. One peak occurred at the 1st week and 3rd week of February for both E. decipiens and E. decedens for the two seasons, respectively. This research aims to utilize the obtained results in developing the IPM programs against these pests on barley plants through activation the effect of both temperature and relative humidity on insect numbers.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_59765_cd7ff1bc19956920bb6b7758b7004bbf.pdf
2019-09-01
451
457
10.21608/jppp.2019.59765
Barley plants
seasonal fluctuations
aphids
leafhoppers
whitefly
Predators
Aml
Al-Habshy
dr_aml1970@yahoo.com
1
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
S.
Amer
2
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Hashem
3
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Combination of Essential Oil Postharvest Vaporization and Modified Atmosphere Storage to Control Postharvest Rots of Nectarine and Maintain Fruit Quality
Gray mold and Rhizopus rot incited by Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer, respectively, cause major postharvest losses in nectarine fruits cv. 'Florda' during cold storage. The effect of cinnamon and carnation oils and/or some levels of modified atmospheres, i.e. 5% O2+ 5% CO2 + 90% N2 (MA1), 10% O2 + 5% CO2 + 85% N2 (MA2) or 5% O2 +10% CO2 + 85% N2 (MA3) against B. cinerea and R. stolonifer was investigated in vitro and in vivo on nectarines during cold storage. Growth of B. cinerea and R. stolonifer was completely inhibited by the application of cinnamon and carnation oils at concentrations of 50, 75 and 100 µl/L air in vitro. Individual treatments of nectarines with cinnamon, carnation oils and modified atmosphere MA2 were the most suppressive treatments against gray mold and Rhizopus rot on fruits stored at 0oC for 45 days during seasons 2017 and 2018. Cinnamon oil gave the highest control against fungal decay during simulated market life in both tested seasons. In vivo results showed also that nectarine fruits treated with the combination of either cinnamon oil or carnation oil accompanied with modified atmosphere at the level of MA2 exhibited the most suppressive treatments of decay incited by B. cinerea and R. stolonifer on nectarine fruits or simulated market life comparing with such adopted individual treatment. Combination of different modified atmospheres with cinnamon or carnation oils maintained highest fruit quality characteristics such asfruit firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and reduced fruit losses.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_57389_d515031cdbd13e993f00dbcc4149b0eb.pdf
2019-09-01
459
469
10.21608/jppp.2019.57389
Nectarine
Postharvest
gray mold
Botrytis cinerea
Rhizopus rot
Essential oils
Modified Atmosphere
vaporization
and quality
I.
Rashid
ismailrashed32@yahoo.com
1
Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza. Plant Pathology Res. Inst., Department of postharvest diseases.
LEAD_AUTHOR
F.
Abdel-Rahman
2
Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza. Plant Pathology Res. Inst., Department of postharvest diseases.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Silver and Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles-Assisted PCR for the Phytopathogenic Bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum
Nanotechnology became an integrated science in different fields. Integration between nanoscience and molecular diagnosis could enhance the early diagnosis of different pathogens. Enhancement of different molecular techniques by using nanomaterials increases the specificity, sensitivity and application of these techniques in biology. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is considered as one of the main basic molecular techniques that could be enhanced by using nanomaterials. Silver (Ag) and magnetic iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and characterized by using transmission electron microscope (TEM) according to standard protocol. The sizes of Ag and magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles were ∼15-20 and ~12-23 nm diameters respectively. DNA template of Ralstonia solanacearum was extracted by using Ag and magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles separately and in mixture of both nanomaterials in addition to the control. Extraction of DNA template by using combined nanomaterials increased the DNA yield followed by significant augmentation of the PCR efficacy for small concentration of bacterial DNA template. Inspections of the mechanism of such PCR augmentation suggested an indication of quick transfer of heat in the presence of Ag and magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Silver and magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles-supported PCR could be applicable for reducing the total PCR cycles and enhancing the augmentation of DNA amplicons from a diversity of samples, as well as GC-rich patterns (such as the bacterial genome of R. solanacearum) that are frequently observed to yield disappointing results.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_63659_c85d56ba7e2a9a4c7049261f1e9174cd.pdf
2019-09-01
471
476
10.21608/jppp.2019.63659
silver
Magnetic
Iron Oxide
Nanoparticles
PCR
Ralstonia solanacearum
T.
Shoala
tahsen.shoala@must.edu.eg
1
Environmental Biotechnology Department, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Al-Motamayez District - 6th of October, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rabab
Abd-El-Aziz
2
Plant Bacterial Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR