Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CERTAIN PIERCING SUCKING PESTS INFESTING SUGAR BEET CROP AND THEIR ASSOCIATED NATURAL ENEMIES IN SHARKIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.
659
672
EN
Aml
Al – Habshy
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
A.
Abd - Elsamed
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
O.
Mohamed
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Dokii, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2014.87977
The present work was carried out at Diarb- Nigm district, Sharkia Governorate, during the two successive growing sugar beet seasons 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, to study the population fluctuation of certain sucking pests and their associated natural enemies. The obtained results showed that the population fluctuation of common aphid <em>Myzus perseica</em> (Sulzer) and <em>Aphis craccivora</em> Koch, leafhopper <em>Empoasca decipiens</em> (Paoli)<em> , Empoasca decedens</em> (Paoli), <em>Nezara verdulla</em> Lins and two-spotted spider mite <em>Tetranychus cucurbitacearum</em> (Sayeg)and their associated natural enemies of predator mite <em>Amblyseius swirskii</em> as well as the effect of temperature and relative humidity. The aforementioned insect pest species were collected by two different methods from sugar beet plants using direct counting (plant sample) and sweep net. The obtained results showed that the plant sample proved to be the best method to collect aphid, green bug insect species and two-spotted spider mite of the present work, while the sweep net proved to be the best technique to collect the leafhopper insect species. The seasonal abundance of <em>M. persicae</em> on sugar beet plants recorded two peaks for <em>M. persicae</em>. The first one was occurred at 2<sup>nd</sup> week of December, the second peak was found at 4<sup>th</sup> week of January. The leafhopper<em> E. decipiens</em> and <em>E. decedens</em> were recorded two peaks, the first peak was recorded at 2<sup>nd</sup> week of Novamber, while the second peak was occurred at 1<sup>st</sup> week of February for <em>E. decipiens</em> and <em>E. decedens</em> for the two seasons, respectively. Two peaks were recorded for <em>N. verdulla</em> the first one was occurred at 2<sup>nd</sup> week of December, while the second peak was recorded at 1<sup>st</sup> week of February. The mite (adult and immature stages) recorded two peaks, the first peak of adults and immature stages at 2<sup>nd</sup> week of October 2010/2011 and 4<sup>th</sup> week of October 2011/2012, respectively. The first peak of eggs at 2<sup>nd</sup> week of October 2010/2011 and 1<sup>st</sup> week of November 2011/2012, respectively. The second peak was recorded for mite (adult, immature stages and eggs), the second peak of adults at 3<sup>rd</sup> week of March 2010/2011 and 4<sup>th</sup> week of March 2011/2012,of immature stages at 2<sup>nd</sup> week of November 2010/2011 and 3<sup>rd</sup> week of March 2011/2012 and of eggs at 4<sup>th</sup> week of October 2010/2011 and 3rd week of March 2011/2012, respectively. Two peaks were recorded for predator mite <em>A. swirskii</em>. The first peak at 4<sup>th</sup> week of February 2010/2011and 2011/2012, respectively. The second peak was recorded at 4<sup>th</sup> week of March 2010/2011and 2011/2012, respectively. This research aims to utilize the obtained results in developing the IPM programs against these pests on sugar beet plants through activation the effect of both temperature and relative humidity on insect numbers.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87977.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87977_c8382d068f8a29efab097297928be882.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
PESTS ATTACKING POST-HARVEST SUGAR BEET ROOTS, AND THEIR ADVERSE EFFECTS ON SUGAR CONTENT
673
678
EN
K.
Bazazo
Plant Protection Research Department, Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
Rania
Mashaal
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University
10.21608/jppp.2014.87978
<strong> </strong>Sugar beet is a main source of sugar, but the pest infestations reduce root quantity and sugar content. Post-harvest roots piled on the side roads before moving to the factories are being subjected to a variety of pests that may reduce root quality. So, the current study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricutlural Research Station for monitoring population size of major pests which attack roots of post-harvest sugar beet, and adverse effects on sugar content. Data indicated that the greatest population sizes in three plantations in both seasons were those of Diptera (mainly, Muscidae), <em>Rattus norvegicus</em> (Berkenhout, 1769) and <em>Corvus </em>spp. Moderate population sizes were those of <em>Liogryllus bimaculatus</em> L., while low populations were recorded for <em>Lixus junci </em>Boh<em>., Scrobipalpa ocellatella</em> Boyd.<em>, Agrotis ipsilon </em>(Huf.) and <em>Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa </em>L. Also, the authors noticed that numbers of sheep were eating sugar beet roots greedily. Pest infestations resulted in highly significant losses in sugar percentage extracted from the damaged roots. It could be concluded that pests play an important role in reducing post-harvest sucrose.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87978.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87978_518d0bb459ccb6c89e15e08b198a4540.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
INFLUENCE OF BEEVENOM COLLECTION ON SOME HONEYBEE PRODUCTS
679
685
EN
Naglaa
Ghazala
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
A.
Taha
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
aaismail@kfu.edu.sa
10.21608/jppp.2014.87979
This work was conducted in apiary of Plant Protection Institute at Quanater, Qaluobia governorate. The study handled the effect of bee venom collection from honey bee colonies on royal jelly and honey production in spring season, 2013. Results showing that the honey bee colonies exposured to collecting bee venom gave less amounts of royal jelly and honey production than non-exposured honey bee colonies. There were significant differences between amounts of royal jelly and honey in exposure and non-exposured colonies to collect bee venom. All colonies were fed with sugar syrup and pollen supplements.
Honey Bees,bee venom, honey, royal jelly
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87979.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87979_dcd4a815ee4e05e2669260e9b63a1f37.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
EVALUATION OF SOME NATURAL OILS FOR CONTROLLING VARROA MITE (Varroa destructor) INFESTING HONEYBEE COLONIES IN SOME EGYPTIAN GOVERNORATES
687
695
EN
H
Abou Elenain
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt
Asmaa
Eissa
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt
A.
Taha
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt
aaismail@kfu.edu.sa
10.21608/jppp.2014.87980
The study was conducted in four governorates namely Dakahlia, Behera, Gharbia and Alexandria, in order to study the effect of some natural substances on varroa mites, which affects honeybee colonies during the period from the first of August to the end of September, 2013. Results showed that the average percentage reduction in the incidence of varroa mite was 79.66%, 77.43%, 77.04% and 79.88% in the governorates of Dakahlia, Behera, Gharbia and Alexandria, respectively (in the brood + on adult bees) when using clove oil and menthol oil with concentration (12.5%، 25%). While the percentage of reduction of using eucalyptus oil in the same concentrations 65.6%, 73.8%, 70.9% and 66.73% for the previous governorates. From the previous findings it is advised to using one of these oils preferably clove oil for controlling varroa mite.
Honeybee,Varroa mite,Essential oils,clove,camphor,menthol,Reduction
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87980.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87980_a9cba71298d7c554ca4ee61b30d5dcf4.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
FIELD TRIALS ON THE BAIT ATTRACTIVE DISTANCES AND EVALUATION THE EFFICACY OF METHOMYL USING DIFFERENT CONTROL APPLICATION METHODS AGAINST THE GASTROPOD PEST Monacha cartusiana (MÜLLER) INFESTING CLOVER FIELDS.
697
703
EN
Sh.
Ismail
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki,Giza, Egypt .
S.
Shetaia
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki,Giza, Egypt .
A.
Arafa
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki,Giza, Egypt .
M
Khattab
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki,Giza, Egypt .
10.21608/jppp.2014.87981
The effect of attractive intervals distances and some control application methods on the efficacy of methomyl against <em>Monacha cartusiana </em>(MÜller) snails were studies under field conditions during the growing season of 2012/2013.Results revealed that poisonous baits of methomyl containing wheat bran and sugar can syrup can attractive <em>M. cartusiana </em>snails far from 100 cm. <em> </em>These results included that bait stations of poisonous bran baits for control land snails could be applied on two meters intervals between station and the other .Regarding the evaluation of two application methods commonly used in controlling land snails: spray and poisonous baits. Results indicated that poisonous baits were more effectiveness than spray technique. Moreover when poisonous baits were put as piles on plastic pieces was the best technique to reduce numbers of <em>M. cartusiana</em> snails in Egyptian clover fields. Finally, it could be recommended that station of bran poisonous baits could put on two meters intervals and piles on plastic pieces method was the best application methods for controlling land snails under field conditions.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87981.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87981_fe7fc87f56aa08d3a1d0de83a0f179b7.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF LAND SNAILS AND SLUGS ON LEMON AND GUAVA TREES AT DUMYATT AND KAFER EL-BATIKH DISTRICTS, DUMYATT GOVERNORATE. EGYPT.
705
715
EN
M.
Awad
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric, Res.c.Doki Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2014.87982
The present investigation has been achieved as an attempt to study the influence of climatic change on the population density of land snails <em>Monacha cartusiana</em> ,<em>Monacha cantiana , Cochilicella acuta , Succinea putris , Succinea oblonga and gray garden</em> slug <em>Deroceras reticulatum</em> under lemon and guava trees at ElSenania and Kafr El-Batikh districts,Dumyatt Governorate 2011<em>/</em>2012 and 2012/2013 seasons .
The results revealed that the mean of populations density were higher throughout spring season followed by autumn and lower in winter seasons which estimating by 35.8, 29.3 and 18.5 snails/sample for <em>M. cartusiana</em>, respectively . <em>C.acuta</em> recorded the higher number on lemon trees 57.2 in spring season while recorded 45.2 in autumn season followed by winter season which recorded 25.6 snails/sample.
The population fluctuations of land snails varied according to crop , temperature , relative humidity and season to another . The snails were more active during spring and autumn .The snails <em>C.acuta</em> were the highest number of individuals on lemon and guava trees.
Key words: seasonal, fluctuation of land snails and slugs, lemon , guava trees , Dumyatt<strong>.</strong> Temperature.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87982.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87982_3676131f4814f0933d0afe92c284de2a.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
IDENTIFICATION OF STRIPE RUST RESISTANCE GENES Yr's IN CANDIDATE EGYPTIAN AND CIMMYT WHEAT GENOTYPES BY MOLECULAR MARKERS
717
727
EN
A.
Abu Aly
Wheat Disease Research Department, Institute of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Research Centre Egypt.
a_aziz_egypt2007@yahoo.com
A.
A.
Shahin
Wheat Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt
a.a.shahin@hotmail.com
Doaa
EL-Naggar
Wheat Disease Research Department, Institute of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Research Centre Egypt.
M
Ashmawy
Wheat Disease Research Department, Institute of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Research Centre Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2014.87984
Stripe rust is a widespread damaging disease of wheat, causing significant losses in yield and quality. Each monogenic line of <em>Yr1, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr17, Yr32</em> and <em>YrSP</em> exhibited high levels of resistance to both 198E56 and 128E28 races, at seedling stage. The same monogenic lines showed adult plant resistance. Whereas, those with <em>Yr17</em> and <em>YrSP</em> showed a disease severity ranged between 5MR to 10MR. The monogenic line (<em>YrSK</em>) was the only one which recorded susceptible and highly resistant reactions, at seedling and adult stages respectively. Nine Egyptian cultivars and four lines from CIMMYT tested at seedling stage were susceptible (IT 6-8). Misr-1, Misr-2, Gemmezia-10, Line-6043, Line-6085, Line-6086 and Line-6107 showed a range of adult plant responses of TrR–10MR. The remainder had variable degrees of susceptibility (5MS-30S). Fourteen genotypes were screened with three DNA markers to detect the presence of <em>Yr9</em>, <em>Yr17 </em>and <em>Yr18</em>. The 1100bp band diagnostic for <em>Yr9</em> was present in 7 genotypes, <em>i.e.</em> Misr-1, Misr-2, Sids-12, Sids-13, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10 and Gemmeiza-11. At 252bp fragment in Line 6043 (8STEMRRS) from CIMMYT was only indicative of <em>Yr17</em>, and <em>Yr18</em> was present all tested Egyptian and CIMMYT genotypes at 517bp.
Wheat,stripe rust,Resistance gene,Molecular marker
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87984.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87984_bf5bc93a3fe03cf436865a9e48d8d362.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE GENES SOURCES OF STEM RUST IN DIFFERENT EGYPTIAN AND CIMMYT WHEAT GENOTYPES USING CONVENTIONAL AND MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES.
729
740
EN
A.
Abu Aly
Wheat Disease Research Department, Institute of Plant Pathology, Agriculture Research Centre Egypt.
a_aziz_egypt2007@yahoo.com
A.
A.
Shahin
Wheat Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Egypt
a.a.shahin@hotmail.com
Doaa
EL-Naggar
Wheat Dis. Res. Dept. St., Institute of Plant Pathology, ARC, Egypt
Gamalat
Hermas
Wheat Dis. Res. Dept. St., Institute of Plant Pathology, ARC, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2014.87986
Wheat stem rust, caused by <em>Puccinia graminis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em>, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. Resistant varieties can be the simplest, practical, effective and economical method of plant disease control. Development of molecular markers helps to determine stem rust resistance genes (<em>Sr</em> genes). The objective of this study was to identify resistance effective genes against the stem rust at seedling and adult stags and to identify <em>Sr</em> genes in eleven genotypes of wheat by molecular markers response of monogenic lines and genotypes of wheat to stem rust reaction. Data at seedling and field studies clustered the genotypes into 4 main categories; (1) resistant at both seedling and adult plant stages monogenic lines, <em>i.e.</em> (<em>Sr24</em>, <em>Sr25</em>, <em>Sr26, Sr31</em> and <em>Sr32</em>), (2) resistant only at adult stage monogenic lines <em>i.e.</em> (<em>Sr27</em>), (3) scored high susceptibility at both adult and seedling stages monogenic lines (<em>Sr6</em>, <em>Sr16, Sr17, Sr18, Sr21, Sr22, Sr23, Sr28, Sr29, Sr30, Sr33, Sr34, Sr35, Sr36</em> and <em>Sr40</em> and (4) resistant only at seedling stage monogenic line <em>i.e. </em>(<em>Sr37</em>, <em>Sr38</em> and <em>Sr39</em>). On the other hand, Egyptian cultivars of Sids-13, Gemmeiza-11 and 3 of CIMMYT-8STEMRRSN Lines <em>i.e.</em> line-6043, line -6085 and line-6086 showed resistance at both stages. Meanwhile, Sids-12, Gemmeiza-10, Misr-1 and Misr-2 were resistant at seedling but susceptible at adult plant stage. The rest of the cultivars were susceptible at both stages. In this study, eleven genotypes of wheat were screened with four DNA markers to detect the presence of stem rust resistance genes <em>Sr2</em>, <em>Sr24, Sr26</em> and <em>Sr31</em>. Stem rust resistance genes <em>Sr2</em> were present in all varieties tested whereas, <em>Sr24</em> detected in two local Egyptian cultivar (Sakha 93 and Misr-1) and one line-6085 from (CIMMYT). <em>Sr26</em> gene markers produced a 250-bp band that observed in 9 genotypes and did not shown in 2 genotypes. <em>Sr31</em>, marker resulted in a 1100-bp fragment in 7 genotypes, this fragment was absent in the remaining 4 genotypes. These results form a basis for mode of resistance study especially to the unknown sources and to mapping those using molecular markers.
stem rust,Molecular marker,identifies,resistance genes,susceptibility
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87986.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87986_3b5c42c843b5cd0cecea15cd0713b346.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
EFFECT OF SOME BOTANICALS OILS AGAINST Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica And Tribolium castaneum
741
753
EN
Hoda
Nasr
Plant control and environmental protection Fac. of Agric. Damanhour univ
Sahar
Ahmed
. Department of Pesticides, Fac. of Agric., Kafr EL-Sheikh Univ.
10.21608/jppp.2014.87987
The present study was carried out to evaluate three oils (basil, chamomilla and nigella) and malathion as reference against three important insects of stored products,rice weevil , <em>Sitophilus oryzae</em>,Lesser grain borer, <em>Rhyzopertha dominica</em> and red flour beetles, <em>Tribolium castaneum</em> using the bioassay method, mixing with media. Results obtained demonstrated that the chemical insecticide malathion was the most efficient agent as compared with the other tested toxic materials. The basil oil was the most efficient against <em>S. oryzae</em> followed by chamomilla and nigella. The emergence of <em>S. oryzae </em>adults showed significant differences between the control and all treatments. For <em>R. dominica</em> the chamomilla oil was the most effeicient followed by basil and nigella. The loss of wheat weight showed significant differences between control and treatments. For <em>T. castaneum</em> the chamomilla oil had the most adversed effect on the all parameters studied. It reduced the number of progeny and loss % wheat grain, and increased the % reduction in progeny. The germination percentages decreased with increasing the concentration and exposure period.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87987.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87987_94ac59e29f251aa3f89deba6d667dc74.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
SURVEY OF DIFFERENT POLLEN SOURCES GATHERING BY HONEY BEE AT QUNATIR AL-KHIRIA, QALUOBIA GOVERNORATE.
755
771
EN
Naglaa
Gazala
Apiculture Research Dept., Plant Protect. Inst., Agric. Research Center
E.
Nowar
Plant Protection department, Fac, Agric., Moshtohor, Benha University
elhossenynowar@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/jppp.2014.87989
The present work was conducted in the apiary of Plant Protection Institute at Qunatir, Qaluobia on pollen grains which collected by honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera </em>L.) during the year 2013. In Qunatir plantation was studied and indicated that about more than 60 flowering plants were sources for honeybee colonies in this area. The major pollen sources were Indian Corn (<em>Zea maize </em>L<em>.</em>), Egyptian Clover (<em>Trifolium alcxandarinum</em> L.), Citrus trees (<em>Citrus Spp</em>.), Broad bean (<em>Vicia faba</em> L.), Wild mustard (<em>Brassika Kaber</em> Koch), Orientals plants and weed grasses. For The amount of pollen trapped by each colony of bees examined determined the sources and identified of plant sources and the local of the cultivated trees, crops and plants in our area. Pollen traps used to obtain the economic amounts produced from honeybee colonies during different seasons. Pollen gathering activity during Citrus, Clover and Corn season. The results revealed that the honeybee colonies collected more amount of pollen during August month and summer season. While the low amounts of collected pollen were in December month and winter season. There were significant differences between all months and between all four seasons. The mean amounts of pollen trapped during Citrus season were 247.66 g/colony. The mean amount of pollen trapped was 355.00 and 1043.33 g/colony during the season of Clover and Corn seasons.
Honeybee,Pollen,year months,year seasons,pollen traps,Citrus season,Clover and Corn season
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87989.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87989_eeb4ffb8468e514314397494d9905d30.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
EFFECT OF HIVE TYPE ON STRENGTH AND ACTIVITY RATE OF HONEYBEE COLONIES (Apis mellifera L.) IN EGYPT.
773
784
EN
. A.
Taha
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, A. R. C., Egypt
amrotaha219@gmail.com
10.21608/jppp.2014.87990
The study was conducted to determine the effect of hive type (wood and foam) on brood rearing, pollen grains and honey production activity during 2011 year with recording averages temperature and relative humidity. Total of eight honeybee colonies, approximately equal in strength with young mated queen was used in this study. Results indicated that honeybee colonies kept in foam hives presented the highest average worker sealed brood areas (407.4 square inch/colony) followed by honeybee colonies kept in wooden hives (286.8 square inch/colony). No significant difference between wooden and foam hives in drone sealed brood with an averages 13.42 and 9.17 (square inch/colony), respectively. It can be concluded that honey bees stored 678.55 and 630.44 g of pollen grains during May for foam and wooden hives with percentages 40.1 and 41.1%, respectively. In relation to foam hives, June was the second of pollen storage followed by July represented by 547.36 and 465.31g with percentages 32.4 and 27.5%, respectively. In contrast, for wooden hives July was the second month of pollen storage followed by June giving 489.994 and 414.141g (31.9 and 27.0%), respectively. The mean areas of clover honey recorded 207.9 and 307.5 (square inch/colony) for the colonies housed in wooden and foam hives, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there were insignificant differences between wooden and foam hives for drone brood areas, queen cells number, stored pollen areas, honey production areas. On the other hand, there were significant differences between wooden and foam hives for worker brood areas and colony weight. In addition, wooden hives were more suitable for rearing of honeybee than other hive types.
Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.),hive types,wood,foam,biological characters,Pollen grains,Climatic factors
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87990.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87990_8ba1a03715d154a133a64e4ee03efa1b.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
GENETCAL VARIATION OF CALLUS PERFORMANCES OF MAIZE GENOTYPES PRODUCED FROM TISSUE CULTURES UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SALINITY.
785
802
EN
Rehab
Habiba
Dept. of Genetics, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura University. EGYPT
kawther
kaKash
Dept. of Genetics, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura University. EGYPT
Rabab
Hamed
Dept. of Genetics, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura University. EGYPT
10.21608/jppp.2014.87992
Four maize hybrids (122, 168, 173 and pioneer) were investigated to determine their genotypic effects on callogenesis response to 2,4-D (2,4dichlorophynoxyacetic acid) and <em>invitro</em> salt tolerance using NaCl. A callus was initiated from mature embryos cultured on three MS media supplemented with 0, 2 and 4mg/l of 2,4-D where the level 0 is the control.The produced calli from the medium which contains 2 mg/L 2,4-D for each genotype were then exposed to four salinity levels (i.e. 0, 1500, 3000 and 6000 ppm) of NaCl,respectively to evaluate some physiological aspects of the produced calli from the genotypes.The results of ANOVA revealed thatthe mean squares of genotypes at all levels of 2,4-D were significantly indicated the presence of differences between them for all <em>in vitro</em> traits. Furthermore, the mean squares of levels and genotype × levels interaction were highly significant for all traits. This indicated that these genotypes gave different responses at different 2,4-D levels.The genetic variation was high and positive with respect to the <em>in vitro</em> traits at each 2,4-D level. This indicated that these traits are mainly controlled by genetic factors. This finding was emphasized by the heritability values, which were more than 80% for all studied traits at each 2,4-D level. In relation to callus response to salt stress, the results indicated that the presence of significant differences between these genotypes for ion content in callus cells (K<sup>+</sup>%, Na<sup>+</sup>%, Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup>%) with respect to the four salinity levels except for K<sup>+</sup>% at S<sub>1</sub>,S<sub>3</sub> levels, Na<sup>+</sup>% at levels S<sub>1</sub>, S<sub>2</sub>, S<sub>3</sub>, Na<sup>+</sup>/k<sup>+</sup> at levels S<sub>0</sub>, S<sub>1</sub>, S<sub>3</sub> and Cl<sup>-</sup>% at levels S<sub>2</sub>, S<sub>3</sub>. Regarding to, the organic solutes accumulation ( sugar and proline mg/g w.ft),the magnitudes of the mean squares for genotypes were significant at four salinity levels except for proline mg/g w.ft at S<sub>3</sub> level. For membrane permeability, relative growth rate and water content, the magnitudes of the mean squares for genotypes were significant at four salinity levels except for water content at levels S<sub>0</sub>, S<sub>3.</sub>The results revealed that the genetic variation was high and positive forion content in callus cells (K<sup>+</sup>%, Na<sup>+</sup>%, Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup>and Cl<sup>-</sup>%),organic solutes accumulation (sugars and proline), membrane permeability and relative growth rate as well as water content with respect to the four levels of salinity. This finding is emphasized by the heritability values, which were more than 80% for most of studied traits.
Zea mays- mature embryo culture- 2,4-D effect – Salinity –heritability
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87992.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87992_379468c55aad4f0366f52829209fa36b.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
5
6
2014
06
01
EVALUATION OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHITINASE PRODUCTION AND BIOCONTROL CAPACITY OF TRICHODERMA ISOLATES
803
815
EN
A.
Aly
Plant Pathol. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
A.
El – Wakil
Plant Pathol. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
M.
Omar
Plant Pathol. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Amal
Asran
Plant Pathol. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2014.87993
Twenty-four fungi were isolated from five plant hosts collected from 15 governorates. The mean percentage of fungal recovery from hosts showed that <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. (35.98%) were the most dominant fungi. The other fungi occurred at frequencies ranged from 0.07 to 17.67%. Occurrence of <em>Trichoderma </em>spp. was negatively correlated with incidence of five pathogenic fungi. However, the significant correlation was observed between isolation frequency of <em>Trichoderma </em>spp. and isolation frequency of <em>Fusarium </em>spp. (r= -0.57, p= 0.03). Fifteen isolates of <em>Trichoderma </em>spp. were screened for their biocontrol capacity against soil-borne fungal pathogens under greenhouse conditions by using eight pathosystems. These isolates showed various levels of antagonism within each pathosystem. When the same isolates were in-vitroscreened for chitinase activity, 20% of the isolates were high producers, 40% were medium producers, and 40% were low producers. Regression analysis was used to study the effect of chitinase activity (independent variable) on percentage of surviving seedlings (dependent variable) in each pathosystem. In most pathosystems, the <em>in-vitro</em> efficiency of <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates in producing chitinase was not significantly correlated with the percentage of surviving seedlings, which was used as a parameter for evaluating the antagonistic activity of <em>Trichoderma </em>isolates under greenhouse conditions. This finding may indicate that the <em>in-vitro </em>chitinase activity of <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates is of no practical value because it cannot be used as a criterion to predict their <em>in-vivo</em> performance. Grouping the isolates by cluster analysis, based on their biocontrol patterns, was not related to their chitinase activity. This result suggests that chitinase may not be involved in the biocontrol process of the tested isolates. Similarly, grouping the isolates by cluster analysis, based on their RAPD banding patterns, was not related to their chitinase activity. This result indicates that RAPD banding patterns were unable to differentiate among the isolates based on their chitinase activity.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87993.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87993_14e4b78bc19c064dce3e1f70cbfeec8e.pdf