Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Seasonal Abundance and Susceptibility of Faba Bean Varieties to Infestation with Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) and Empoasca Spp. in Relation to Chemical and Biochemical Components
621
627
EN
Aml
B.
Abou –Elkassem
Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Plant Protection Research Institute , Kafr El-Sheikh ,ARC ,Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2018.43897
Field studies were carried out at the experimental farm of Sakhaa, Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 faba bean seasons. Results showed that population of <em>liriomyza trifolii</em> larvae had 3-4 peaks on faba bean varieties in the frist season ,and 2-3 peak in the second season. peaks occurred in January, February and March in both seasons, with the highest one in March . In the frist season, the highest average number of <em>L</em>. <em>trifolii</em> larvae was recorded on Giza 3 variety with 58.00 larvae /30 leaflets, while the lowest one was on Misr1 variety, with an average of 45.22 larvae /30 leaflets . In the second season, an opposite the highest average number of the larvae was recorded on Misr1 variety with an average of 49.35 larvae/30 leaflets, while the lowest average number on Sakha 4 with an average 30.52 larvae /30 leaflets. Statistical analysis revealed nonsignificant and significant differences among the 6 tested varieties to infestation with <em>L. trifolii</em> larvae in the first and second seasons, respectively. Concerning leafhoppers, <em>Empoasca </em>spp. population, there were 2-3 peaks on different faba bean varieties during December, January, February or March in both seasons. The highest peak was recorded in March in both seasons . The highest average number of <em>Empoasca </em>spp. (nymphs and adults ) was recorded on Giza 40 variety with an average of 58.55 indiv. /30 leaflets . the lowest average number of <em>Empoasca</em> spp.was recorded on Sakhaa 3 variety with an average of 42.88 indiv ./30 leaflets in the first season. the opposite occurred in the second season ,Sakha3 showed the highest average number of jassids with an average of 35.83 indiv. /30 leaflets . the lowest one was Sakha2 variety with an average of 29.38 indiv. /30 leaflets . Statistical analysis showed significant and nonsignificant differences among the 6 tested varieties to infestation with <em>Empoasca</em> spp. in the first and second seasons, respectively. Sakha4 variety showed the highest content of total carbohydrates (52.01%), Silica (2.7%) and chlorophyll (42.2 ppm) and lowest content of protein (16.7%) and lipids (0.93%) which had the lowest average of two seasons for <em>L. trifolii</em> larvae. Giza3 showed the highest content of protein (20%) and silica (2.7%) and lowest content of carbohydrates(46.8%) and chlorophyll (36pmm). Sakha2 contain the highest content of lipids (2.04%) and lowest content of silica (1.4%) and phenol (0.473%) , which had the lowest average of two seasons for <em>Liriomyza trifolii</em> and <em>Empoasca</em> spp. (43larvae and 36.6 indiv./30leaflets, respectively ). Giza40 showed the highest content of phenol (0.583%) which had the highest average number of two seasons for <em>L. trifolii</em> larvae (50.5larvae/ 30 leaflets ) . Results showed that <em>L. trifolii</em> larvae number correlated insignificantly negative with carbohydrates and chlorophyll in both seasons, in addition to protein and silica in the second season. Positive insignificant correlation with lipids and phenol in both seasons .<em>Empoasca</em> spp .population correlated positive insignificant with carbohydrates, silica, phenol and chlorophyll in the first season, but negative insignificant with carbohydrates ,phenol and chlorophyll in the second season . Results revealed that the activities of antioxidant catalase enzymes (CAT) increased in leaves under insect infestation stress .The responses of CAT activity in some tolerant varieties such as Sakha2 and Sakha4 for infestation by <em>L. trifolii</em> and <em>Empoasca </em>spp. the highest activity of peroxidase enzymes (Pox) was observed in the tolerant varieties such as Sakha2 and Sakha4 varieties which possessed the highest tolerance to infestation stress among the 6 varieties for <em>L. trifolii</em> and <em>Empoasca</em> spp.. CAT enzymes showed the highest rate of activity changes under infestation stress than of Pox activity. Population of <em>L.trifolii </em>larvae correlated insignificantly positive with catalase and peroxidase enzymes in the first season, while positive significant with catalase and negative significant with peroxidase enzymes in the second season. Population of Jassids showed negative significant correlation with CAT and POX in the first season, while negative nonsignificant in the second season.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43897.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43897_535e9bccba178856dedab8c385d1349e.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Survey and Relative Occurrence of Rodent Species at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
629
632
EN
Nadia
M.
Mostfa
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza
Wafaa
A.
Shahawy
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza
Alyaa
A.
Gazzy
Entomology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University.
10.21608/jppp.2018.43898
The present investigation was carried out for determination rodent species surveillance and their relative occurrence at three sites i.e. (animal production research station, poultry farm and farmers' houses) at Kafr El-Sheikh district, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2015 and 2016 years. Surveyed rodent species were Norway rat, <em>Rattus norvegicus</em>, white bellied rat, <em>Rattus rattus frugivorus</em> and house mouse <em>Mus musculus</em>. Average numbers of trap indices were 0.27 and 0.21 during 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> years, respectively. The highest values of trap indices were 0.40 and 0.39 during August in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The total number of rodent species recorded through animal production research station during two successive years 2015 and 2016 were 136 and 65 individuals, respectively. The total number of rodent species in the poultry farm were 77 and 93 individuals, respectively. On the other hand, in the farmers' houses the total numbers were 109 and 95 individuals, in 2015 and 2016 respectively. Norway rat, <em>R. norvegicus</em> was the most dominant species in these location. In animal production station, the maximum numbers of rodent species are (19) individuals in August 2015 and (9) individuals in March and August 2016. The highest total number of rodents in poultry farm was recorded in May 2015 with (10) individuals and in August 2016 with (18) individuals. In farmers’ houses, the lowest numbers were recorded during winter months in January and February 2015 while January was the lowest in 2016, since no rats were caught during it.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43898.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43898_fb94d945ecc8547dcaa2784d6b5b67b1.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Effect of Food Kinds on Developmental Stages and Fecundity of the Astigmatid Mites, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) and Rhizoglyphus robini Claparede (Astigmata: Acaridae)
633
637
EN
E.
M. A.
Yassin
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Enas
M. K.
Kassem
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Rania
H.
Mahmoud
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43899
This investigation was conducted to study the different biological aspects of astigmatid mites, <em>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</em> (Schrank) and <em>Rhizoglyphus robini</em> Claparede (Astigmata:Acaridae) when fed on different food kinds i.e. pure white wheat flour, normal wheat flour, wheat germ, rice flour, maize flour and semolina at 25<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>2 ºC and 75<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>5 % R.H.<strong>.</strong> The results indicated that there were obvious differences between (incubation period, life cycle, longevity and life span) of both <em>T. putrescentiae</em> and <em>R. robini</em> and the different introduced food. The longest life span periods of <em>T. putrescentiae</em> male and female were noticed when the individuals fed on wheat flour, as recorded 41.61 and 50.9 days, respectively. However, the longest life span periods of <em>R. robini</em> were observed on maize flour and recorded 49.2 and 41.2 days for male and female indivduals, respectively. The food type's suitability clearly affected the number of deposited eggs by the adult female of both<em> T. putrescentiae</em> and <em>R. robini </em>and revealed highly significance between the feeding on wheat flour for the first mite and maize flour for the second one (the most suitable feeding sources for mites) than any other feeding types. The highest number of <em>T</em>. <em>putrescentiae</em> eggs was 40.2 eggs on wheat flour and the lowest number was recorded on wheat germ (27.8 eggs).However, the highest deposited number of <em>R. robini</em> eggs was noticed when adult female fed on maize flour (140.2 eggs), but the lowest number of laid eggs was found when the indivduals reared on wheat germ (70.4 eggs).
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43899.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43899_e5e4333b7401e0ac25f0a89794178d69.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Evaluation of Using Certain Sources of Protien for Feeding Mediterranean Fruit Flies, Ceratitis capitata Adults
639
643
EN
W.
A. A.
Sayed
Biological Applications Dept., Nuclear Research Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
A.
A.
Shoman
Biological Applications Dept., Nuclear Research Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43900
Mass rearing cost is one of the important tools for successful implementation the sterile insect technique (SIT) programme. Yeast hydrolyzed (YH) is an effective protein source for feeding the adult flies of <em>C. capitata</em> and widely used in the mass rearing facilities in spite of it is imported product in many countries and very expensive. Three local protein sources, meat bone meal (MBM), plant protein meal (PPM) and soybean protein (SP) were evaluated as adult feed instead of YH. The life span of adult flies, fecundity, fertility and the other reproductive biology were studied to explore the feasibility of these alternative protein sources for maintaining the performance of medfly colony. The results indicated that the fecundity and fertility were drastically reduced in the case of using the three protein sources as compared with the stander one (YH). While, the percentages of adult survival of male and female flies were relatively similar in the different protein sources and it was clearly higher than those fed on only sugar. The results revealed that when the tested protein sources were supplied with YH (1:1), the reproductive biology parameters were improved, the percentages of egg hatch were insignificantly increased to (84.1, 83.5 and 82.4 %) in YH/PPM, YH/MBM and YH/SP treatments, respectively as compared to YH (80.6%). Also, in the same treatments, the egg laid per female per day were higher (24.5, 23.4 and 22.6 eggs/day), respectively than YH tratment (22.2 eggs/day). Moreover, the pupation were significantly reduced and the larval durations were prolonged in PPM, MBM and SP treatments and not affected in YH/PPM, YH/MBM and YH/SP treatments as compared to YH treatment. The results indicated that the three commercial protein sources were effective dietaries when used with the yeast hydrolysate at the ratio 1:1, this procedure will significantly diminished the mass rearing cost of <em>C. capitata</em>.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43900.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43900_ff8ed3d168868cab45093934e28b4e2f.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Foliar Spray of Zinc, Manganese and Iron for Tetranychus urticae Control in Phaseolus vulgaris Plant
645
648
EN
Walaa
R.
Abou Zaid
Plant protection research Institute, Agriculture research center, Egypt.
dr_walaaroushdy@yahoo.com
Doaa
A.
Abou El- Atta
Plant protection research Institute, Agriculture research center, Egypt.
Amira
E.
Mesbah
Plant protection research Institute, Agriculture research center, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43901
Mites control via micronutrients spray represents a good alternative for acaricides in terms of cost, efficiency and preservation of the environment. In this study, two concentrations (65 & 130 ppm) of zinc, manganese and chelates of iron have been used to control the population of <em>Tetranychus urticae</em> in <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> plants. The highest conc. of each mineral led to higher reduction % that reached to 39.56, 44.93 and 42.72 % respectively in response to the third spraying and the treatments in general did not show instantaneous effect. The positive effect of these parameters on the plant has been confirmed by the observed increase in the contents of chlorophyll, soluble carbohydrates and protein compared with that of the control that have been evaluated after the third spraying. These results support the use of foliar spray of minerals to replace acaricides. The benefits behind that extended to coast-reduction, efficient alternative that would be supportive to plant nutrition that would increase the yield and at the same time environmentally- friendly.
Chelates of iron,foliar spray,Manganese,Tetranychus urticae,and zinc
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43901.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43901_7b9d427c197c710a50f26694e46e5536.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Evaluation Efficiency Sticky Traps on Attraction Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) on Cucumber Plants under Greenhouses Conditions
649
653
EN
A.
S.
Emam
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Samia
M.
Abozeid
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Abla
F. A.
Saad
Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43902
This study was carried out to evaluate efficiency sticky traps on attraction <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> (Genn.) on Cucumber plants var. <em>Cucumis sativus</em> L. under greenhouses conditions in two locations, Perkash (Giza governorate) and Tokh (Qalubiya governorate) during 2018 season. This study contains three experiments, first experiment aimed to evaluation efficiency of the sticky trap color on attraction <em>B. tabaci</em> through comparison between four colors (yellow, blue, orange and red). And this experiment was carried out on Cucumber (early summer planting) during (February - March). Results showed that the traps which have yellow color more efficiency than others which have (blue color, orange color, and red color), respectively. Second experiment aimed to evaluation efficiency yellow sticky trap height on attraction <em>B. tabaci</em> through comparison between four heights (2m, 1.5m, 1m and 0.5m) above the ground. And this experiment was carried out on Cucumber (summer planting) during (April - May). Results showed that the trap which have 2m height above the ground more efficiency than others which have (1.5m, 1m and 0.5m) heights, respectively. Third experiment aimed to evaluation efficiency orientation of the yellow sticky trap on attraction <em>B. tabaci</em> through comparison between four orientations (North, South, East and West). The experiment was carried out on Cucumber (late summer planting) during (June - July). Results showed that had no clearly effect of the trap orientation on attraction <em>B. tabaci</em> .
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43902.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43902_dd541094d30d0286ec825de476a221ee.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Effect of Different Sugary Feeding on Pollen Gathering Activity of Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera L.)
655
658
EN
H.
M.
Fathy
Economic Entomlogy Dept., Fac.of Agric.,Mansoura Univ
A.
R.
Hassan
Plant Protection Dept.,fac.of Agric.,Minia Univ
F.
S.
Srage Elden
Plant Protection Research. Institute Agric. Dept.,ARC. Egypt
D.
F. M.
Abd-Allaha
Economic Entomlogy Dept., Fac.of Agric.,Mansoura Univ
10.21608/jppp.2018.43903
The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of four types of sugary feeding (Glucose, Fructose ,Molasses and Moringa ) on pollen gathering activity of honey bee craniolan hybrid (Apis mell: fera. L.) by estimation of stared pollen amounts. The results indicted that, the average total number of square inches of stored pollen were 3116 , 3132 , 2825 , 3552 and 2566 sq. in/ colony for those Treated with Glucose, Fructose ,Molusses Moringa and control , respectively. The highest rate of gathering pollen was observed during July and May 740 and 685 sq. in/ colony respectively. Moringa gave the highest number of stored pollen 3552 sq. in/colony a whole year than other syrups, while Treated colonies with Molasses gave the lowest number of stored pollen 285 sq. in/ colony . Also, the lowest amounts of stored pollen were observed during autumn and winter season in all treatment colonies.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43903.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43903_5cfbddcf4f67574b85679020980ade10.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Evaluation Efficiency of some Plant Extracts on Insect Aphis gossypii Glover which Infesting Cucumber Plants under Greenhouses Conditions
659
662
EN
Gamila
A. M.
Heikal
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43904
This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of some plant extracts against <em>Aphis gossypii</em> Glover under greenhouses conditions on Cucumber var. <em>Cucumis sativus</em> L. during seasons 2015, 2016. The result obtained In season 2015, with regard to the mean number of aphids at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days post treatment, the extracts could be arranged in the following discending order: Neemazal, Azadirachta, Eucalyptus, Nerium, Helianthus, Glycine, Citronella and Jojoba extracts. The general effect of corresponding reduction percentages were 94.66, 93.65, 91.80, 90.60, 88.53, 87.85, 86.87 and 84.36, respectively. Also, data showed that, in season 2016, with regard to the mean number of aphids at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days post treatment, the compounds could be arranged in the following discending order: Neemazal, Azadirachta, Eucalyptus, Nerium, Helianthus, Glycine, Citronella and Jojoba extracts. The general effect of corresponding reduction percentages were 95.16, 94.23, 92.96, 91.63, 89.83, 88.61, 86.13 and 85.83, respectively. From the above-mentioned data, Neemazal proved itself to be the most effective extract and Jojoba oil was the least one. All extracts recorded significant differences between them and control. No phytotoxicity was observed for any of the tested extracts on leaves or on fruits.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43904.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43904_d6c6c3d82a412f4c4cb2172dce07da7f.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Compatibility and Synergism of Certain Insecticides for Control of Thrips (Thripstabacia) on Onion (Allium cepa L.) Plants in the Field
663
666
EN
R.
A. E.
Ali
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University-branch Assiut
rabee8104@gmail.com
10.21608/jppp.2018.43905
The field studies were conducted to evaluate the bio-efficacy of certain insecticides (spinosad, Indoxacarb, chlorpyriphos, chlorfenapyr and emamectin benzoate) against <em>Thripstabacia</em><strong><em>,</em></strong> and their chemical compatibility when combination with mancozeb as fungicidesand spray against <em>Thripstabacia</em>onthe Onion field during 2018season. Physical compatibility of insecticides and mancozeb as fungicides was recorded under the laboratory conditions by taking observations on color, solubility, appearance and pH etc. The results appearance that, spinosad was the superior in reduction percentage infestation with thrips followed by chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb and chlorpyriphos, respectively. The average reduction percentages after spray were 81.5% for spinosad, 72.1% for chlorfenapyr, 66% for emamectin benzoate, 60.1 % for indoxacarb and 55.0 for chlorpyriphos, respectively. The mancozeb addition as fungicides and Tween80 to all tests compounded gave synergism for all insecticide against <em>T.tabacia</em> and Physical compatibility of test insecticide and mancozeb combinations were seen under laboratory conditions. Phytotoxicity symptoms were never observed when insecticides applied alone or their combinations with mancozeb as fungicides on Onion crop compared over control.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43905.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43905_beb635ef513de16835c266e0f19ea1e4.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
The Potential of Biodegradable Formulation from Petroleum Waste to Control the Powdery Mildew of Cucumber Singly or in Combination with (Difenoconazole + Azoxystrobin)
667
670
EN
A.
H.
Abou Tabl
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt
ayman@mans.edu.eg
E.
S.
Sallam
Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Egypt
Rawhia
T.
Abdulkader
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43952
A biodegradable formulation from petroleum waste in comparison with the systemic fungicides difenoconazole+ azoxystrobin combination at concentrations of 250 and 325 (µg/ml), respectively was applied as a foliar spray for the control of powdery mildew of cucumber caused by <em>Sphaerotheca fuliginea. </em>Plants were grown under the greenhouse conditions and two successive sprayins were carried out. The frist one was applied on 39-day-old plants and the second on the plants of 46days old. The results illustrated that the biodegreable waste has a potential to control the disease and was more effective in controlling the disease than the selected systemic fungicids. The results highlight the potential of this biodegradable formulation as a promising and economic method for controlling powdery mildew on cucumber. Also, it is less toxic on the plants than the used fungicides, while the plant constituents of phenols and chlorophyll were increased which are a clue for increasing the immune system of the treated plants. This biodegradable formulation from petroleum waste may be useful for controlling other diseases of cucumber or other crops.
Difenoconazol,Azoxystrobin,powdery mildew,Cucumber,control,Sphaerotheca fuliginea,biodegradable petroleum waste,Pseudomanas fluorescens,Phanerochaete chrysosporium,hydrocarbon oxidizers,phloroglucinol,phenazine,benzoquinoline
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43952.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43952_85203567b3c81946de1e92c5992bcb32.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Artificial Feeding and Wing Symmetry in Drone Honeybees
671
675
EN
H.
M.
Fathy
Department of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University
A.
M.
Mazeed
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University
E.
A.
Nafae
Department of Apiculture, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza.
M.
R.
Abd El Dayem
Department of Apiculture, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza.
10.21608/jppp.2018.43955
Wing asymmetry was used to measure the possible stress which could be created when we feed honeybee colony with cane and beet sugar syrup in comparison with feeding with honey (control). For this purpose, 25 traits of wing venation pattern on left and right forewing of drone honey bees were used. The results indicated that directional asymmetry (DA) was not related to the type of feeding. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) differed between characters and between feeding treatments, but no interaction was found between them. The individual characters were combined and analyzed as composite fluctuating asymmetry (CFA) to maximize the probability of detecting (FA)-stress relationship when it exists. The result showed that (CFA) of vein angels were significantly higher in sugar-feeding than in honey-feeding colonies.
Honeybees,drones,forewing venation,vein distance,vein angels,polar coordination,fluctuating asymmetry,directional asymmetry,composite fluctuating asymmetry
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43955.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43955_cd1bd92fb5742842024bbcfc31285aae.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Artificial Feeding as Stress Factor Affecting Wing Venation Symmetry of Worker Honeybees
677
682
EN
H.
M.
Fathy
Department of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University
A.
M.
Mazeed
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University
E.
A.
Nafae
Department of Apiculture, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza.
M.
R.
Abd El Dayem
Department of Apiculture, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza.
10.21608/jppp.2018.43957
Directional and fluctuating asymmetry were estimated in worker bees fed on sugar syrups in comparison with feeding with honey (control). By using 25 traits of wing venation pattern on left and right forewing of worker honey bees, it could be stated that directional asymmetry (DA) was not related to the type of feeding. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), however, differed between characters and between feeding treatments, but no interaction was found between them. The individual characters were combined and analyzed as composite fluctuating asymmetry to maximize the probability of detecting (FA)-stress relationship when it exists. The result showed that (FA) of distances between vein junctions were significantly higher in sugar-feeding than in honey-feeding colonies.
Honeybees,Workers,forewing venation,vein distance,vein angels,polar coordination,fluctuating asymmetry,directional asymmetry,composite fluctuating asymmetry
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43957.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43957_dccbb1ef6c116ee8bca09960dc72368c.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Seasonal Abundance of Peach Fruit Fly (PFF), Bactrocera zonata Saund., and Mediterranean Fruit fly (MFF), Ceratitis capitata Wied., (Tephritidae - Diptera) on Varieties of Different Grapes, in Giza Gov. Egypt
683
689
EN
Y.
E.
Afia
Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki - Giza - Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43958
Relative abundance of tested pests, peach fruit fly (PFF), <em>Bactrocera zonata </em>Saunder, and Mediterranean fruit fly (MFF), <em>Ceratitis capitata </em>Wiedemann, on coloured grapes varieties, Red grape (Crimson), Black grape (Autumn royal) and white grape (Early sweet), were searched throughout the seasons 2014 to 2016, beginning first March to first November as a catch/trap/males day at Khatatiba district in Giza Governorate. The total captured males of both fruit flies throughout the three seasons in three grapes varieties is (1481.85 males) distributed descendingly as follows: (287.53, 400.23 and 794.53 male) representing (19.37, 27.01 and 53.62 %) in first, second and third seasons, respectively. Also the white grapes (early sweet) come as the superior one with total number of (889.5 male) amounting 60 % of whole total capture. Red grape (crimson) and black grape (autumn royal) varieties come in the second and third order with total capture (411.84and 180.81 males) respectively, amounting 27.79 and 12.21 % of the whole total males captured through three season, respectively comparing the relative abundance of MFF and PFF in each variety throughout the three seasons indicated, both species had the same trend in the three seasons all over the tree verities and the rate of replacement by MFF over PFF was prononeed at early sweet where the population ratio of MFF to PFF were (94.07, 81.51 and 71.67 %) to (5.93, 18.49 and 28.33%) during the third, second and first seasons, respectively. While the lowest one observed in crimson variety, where were (64.947.43 and 38.57) to (38.09, 52.57 and 61.43) during the third, second and first seasons, respectively. The total monthly of both fruit flies recorded two peaks ondifferent grapes varieties through period from May to September during three successive seasons. The first and highest peak occurred in May with total monthly catch of 64.29, 112.66 and 345.09 males/month representing 22.39, 28.15 and 43.44% from total population, respectively. while the second and lowest one recording on September with total of 80.53, 87.21 and 66.5 males/month representing 28.05, 21.79 and 8.37% from total population during first, second and three seasons, respectively. Statistical analysis for the relationship between population of both fruit fliesand prevailing climatic factors, the simple correlation out 27 cases 7 revelled significance correlations of out which 4 and 3 cases for PFF and MFF were positively significant, respectively. This cases distributed in early sweet and crimson variety only while autumn royal variety were non-significant. Weather factors efficacy on the fruit flies showed no significant during period activity of tested pest. Effect of studied fruit age on the population density of fruit showed no significant during period activity of tested pests on all varieties also, both physiological and biological factors of fruits flies as well as the maturity states of the three varieties of grapes play an integral role in environmental factor with presence of the in the pests in Giza Governorate.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43958.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43958_a7d1dbfb196564b284ee66c7ff6cc206.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Influence of Chemicals and Mechanical Control Methods on Parasite Dodder (Cuscuta planiflora) Controlling in Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) Crops
691
695
EN
R.
A. E.
Ali
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University-branch Assiut
rabee8104@gmail.com
10.21608/jppp.2018.43959
The goal from these experiments were studied the effect of some chemical and mechanical methods of dodder weed control on the Egyptian clover field. The treatments comprised of spray pendimethalin herbicides (pre-emergence and after sowing) in three concentrations (500,700 and 900 ml/Fed.) and three times application (1, 3 and 7 DAS) followed by spray glyphosate alone after the first cutting in three concentration (50, 70 and 90 ml/Fed.) and three time application (7, 14 and 21 DAS), followed by, studies the influence of addition ammonium sulfate with (1%) on the impact of glyphosate against <em>C. planiflora</em> in Egyptian clover in relation to dose and time of application after the first cutting of Egyptian clover. Phytotoxic of application rates and treatment time of glyphosate on Egyptian clover after the first cutting were studied. Results it could be concluded that, use of pendimethalin at 7 DAS was safe for Egyptian clover <em>T. alexandrinum</em> emergence as compared to its application as pre-emergence at 1 and 3 DAS and also effective in reducing <em>C. planiflora</em> emergence. Moreover, increasing dose of pendimethalin from 500 to 900 ml/Fed. gave significantly decreased in the <em>C. planiflora</em> emergence but also caused phytotoxic to <em>T. alexandrinum</em> plants and reduced its population significantly. Using glyphosate herbicide at different doses were significantly affected the characteristic of dodder plants infested with clover crops. The fresh and dry weights of survival dodder plants were inversely related to the dose of herbicide. The higher the dose of herbicide used the more damage of dodder plants occurred.The mechanical methods -hand combing- management was the minimum effective in <em>C. planiflora</em> control with percent of reduction.
chemical,pendimethaline,Glyphosate,dodder,Egyptian clove,Ammonium sulfate
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43959.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43959_e140897421bed9252fa65dc5fd19aaf3.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Formulation, Characterizations and Antibacterial Activity of some Nanoemulsions Incorporating Monoterpenes
697
705
EN
Mona
A.
Abdelrasoul
Department Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour Egypt.
Asia
R. E
Ahmed
Department Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour Egypt.
M.
E. I.
Badawy
Department Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, 21545 El-Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
10.21608/jppp.2018.43960
In the current study, we formulated and characterized bio-based oil in water nanoemulsions incorporating monoterpenes; (<em>R</em>)-carvone, cinnamaldehyde, citral, geraniol and pulegone and tested their antimicrobial activity against two plant pathogenic bacteria, <em>Pectobacterium carotovorum</em><em> sub carotovorum</em> and <em>Ralstonia</em><em> solanacearum in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies. Nanoemulsions (NEs) were prepared by adding dropwise monoterpenes at concentration of 5% in an aqueous solution containing 10% a surfactant (tween 80) with constant stirring and then ultrasonication. NEs were confirmed by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. Physical stability and viscosity were, also, investigated. NEs monoterpenes had a poly dispersity index ranged from 0.130 to 0.630 and droplet size in the range of 56.64-176.00 nm. Results revealed that NE -cinnamaldehyde had great antibacterial activity against <em>P. carotovorum</em> and <em>R.</em><em> solanacearum</em> (MIC = 60 and 100 mg/L, respectively). NE cinnamaldehyde was induced effective defense responses<em> in vivo</em> in potato plant and tubers against two tested bacteria at a rate 1000 and 3000 mg/kg. Higher activities of polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) activities and total phenolic content of tubers and leaves were significantly recorded compared to control at all tested times. This was evident from reduced soft and brown rot diseases symptoms of potato spunta<em> cv</em> treated with elicitors subsequently with tested bacteria. These results showed that the PPO, POD and total soluble phenols play a role in instructing resistance to potato soft and brown mold infections. The observed relationship between formulation and activity can lead to the rational design of nanoemulsion based systems for monoterpenes for applications in antimicrobial and agrochemical industries. Amalgamation of such economical treatments might lessen management costs and minimize the environmental pollution.
Monoterpenes,Nanoemulsions,antimicrobial activity,plant Pathogens
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43960.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43960_eb04d6537cff2409b81f325ba76f1b40.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
9
10
2018
10
01
Comparative Fungicidal Activity of some Pure and Nanoemulsion Monoterpenes Effects on Soil Borne Plant Pathogenic Fungi
707
713
EN
Mona
A.
Abdelrasoul
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
G.
M.
Amer
Plant Pathology Department , Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2018.43962
Comparative study between pure and nanoemulsions (NEs) monoterpenes, cinnamaldehyde, citral, geraniol pulegone, and (<em>R</em>)-carvone for their fungicidal activity against three of soil borne pathogenic fungi namely, <em>Pythium digitatum</em>, <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> and <em>Fusarium solani</em> by using poisoned food technique were evaluated. Results indicated that all examined monoterpenes have displayed antifungal activity under different tested concentrations. Further more. NEs- monoterpenes reduced significantly the linear growth of all tested pathogens than pure monoterpenes. NEs citral and geraniol ranked the first for their effective antifungal compounds on the tested fungi with EC<sub>50</sub> values of 31.31 and 49.41 μg/ml on <em>R. solani, </em>48.21 and 54.16 μg/ml on <em>P. digitatum</em> and 83.61 and 100.75 μg/ml on<em> F. solani, </em>respectively. Carbendazim fungicide was the reference in this study. NEs citral and geraniol were induced effective defense responses<em> in vivo</em> in tomato plants against <em>R. solani</em> at a rate of 1000 mg/L. Determination in the leaves after 0, 1, 3, 7 and 15 days of inoculation for polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) as well as total phenolic content activities as defense-related enzymes were measured. A significant increase in PPO, POD activities and total phenol content were detected. Results, also, showed that to reflect the resistance and susceptibility nature of tomato cultivars against the pathogenic fungi<em>, R. solani</em>., POD and PPO activities can be considered as biochemical markers. The obtained results indicated that the elicitor's NEs-citral and geraniol have brought about defense reaction in tomato plants towards the pathogenic fungi. These effective NEs monoterpenes could be effective potentially and environmentally safe to control tomato damping- off disease.
Nanoemulsion,monoterepenes,phytopathogenic fungi,induced resistance
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43962.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_43962_907f9af7a9b75a10d3b7fe304239b845.pdf