Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
Efficacy of Certain Tribenuron-Methyl Formulations for the Control of Broad-Leaved Weeds in Wheat under Field Conditions
303
309
EN
R.
M. A.
El-Kholy
Department of Plant Protection, Fac. of Agric. (Cairo), Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
M.
F.
El-Tawil
Department of Plant Protection, Fac. of Agric. (Cairo), Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2019.48296
Two field experiments were conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 seasons to evaluate the effect of eight tribenuron-methyl formulations (four as WG 75% and four as DF 75%) beside hand weeding (twice at 21 and 42 DAS) on broad-leaved weeds (BLWs) in wheat under field conditions. All the agricultural practices were carried out uniformly as recommended. All treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design and replicated four times each of 42 m<sup>2</sup> (6×7 m). All formulations were applied at the rate of 8.0 gm fed.<sup>-1</sup> in 200 L. water fed.<sup>-1</sup> by Knapsack sprayer (CP3) at 30 days after sowing (DAS). After two months from sowing (2MAS) (one month after treatment, one MAT), weeds were collected from an area of 2m<sup>2</sup> which was randomly selected from each plot (by using a square woody frame, 50 cm×50 cm). The removed annual BLWs were identified and counted for density as number m<sup>-2</sup> and biomass [fresh weight gm m<sup>-2</sup>] in all treatments. In the untreated control, biomass, biomass%, density and density% for each BLW were recorded. The common prevailed annual BLWs in the experimental wheat field during both seasons were annual Sowthistle (<em>Sonchus oleraceus</em> L.), cheese weed, little mallow (<em>Malva parviflora</em> L.), chicory (<em>Cichorium pumpilum</em> Jacq.), dentated dock (<em>Rumex dentatus</em> L.), medic (<em>Medicago intertexta</em> (L.) Mill.), scarlet pimpernel (<em>Anagallis arvensis</em> L.), sea beet, wild beet (<em>Beta vulgaris</em> L.) and sweet clover, Indian melilot (<em>Melilotus indica</em> L.). The results clearly indicated that biomass and density were varied according to the dominant weed species and from season to another. The BLWs were the most dominant and also they were common in wheat fields and the biomass and density of BLWs were varied between years and weeds. The herbicidal treatments gave the minimum weed biomass and density and gave good weed control efficiency (WCE %) than hand weeding treatments. Granstar formulation completely controlled <em>C. pumpilum</em> weed (in the first season), <em>A. arvensis</em>, <em>R. dentatus</em> and <em>S. oleraceus</em> weeds (in the second season). Skylla formulation completely controlled <em>M. parviflora</em> and<em> R. dentatus</em> weeds in the first season. The tested tribenuron-methyl formulations did not cause complete control for<em> B. vulgaris</em>, <em>M. intertexta</em> and <em>M. indica</em> weeds in both seasons. In all cases, the herbicidal treatments increased significantly the biological yield, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index and thousand grain weight in comparison with untreated control. Also, Granstar, Skylla and Cash Cool herbicides were the most effective, while Ownostar was the least effective. We can concluded that, Granstar, Skylla and Cash Cool formulations are the most effective in controlling broad-leaved weeds in wheat field and consequently increased the grain yield.
Wheat,Broad-leaved weeds,Post-emergence herbicides,Tribenuron-methyl formulations
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48296.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48296_b83ec701bea07480d982ac34b5c1bc01.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
Population Dynamics and Seasonal Development of the Egyptian Alfalfa Weevil, Hypera brunneipennis (Boh.), (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in El-Farafra Oasis, New Valley Governorate, Egypt
311
316
EN
W.
E. A.
El-Sheikh
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
wael78egy@yahoo.com
10.21608/jppp.2019.48297
Egyptian Alfalfa Weevil (EAW) pose great danger in recent years of alfalfa cultivation areas inEl-Farafra Oasis,New Valley governorate, a crop that has an important role in combating desertification in terms of soil stabilization and increase fertility in modern reclamation areas, the population density of damaging stages of the EAW, <em>Hypera brunneipennis </em>(Boh.) in standing Alfalfa was estimated by conducting periodic survey during two successive years. Aestivated weevils migrated from aestival shelter by the last week of November and its population attained the maximum by the third week of March. Larval stage appeared during first and second week of February 2016 and 2017 respectively and lasted until the start of May. Population size of developing adults was closely correlated with larval population. Peaks of larva and newly emerged weevils occurred on 3<sup>st</sup> and 20<sup>th</sup> March 2016 and came one and two weeks later in 2017. All weevils developed in summer were obliged to enter summer diapauses (aestivation) during mid-May the influence of prevailing high temperature and long days. The effect of weather factors viz: daily mean temperature, daily mean relative humidity and day-length on the population density of adult, abundance and summer diapauses was statistically discussed. This recent study proved that the insect had one generation in the field per year.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48297.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48297_5d2410cf0c48375c60ad930bbaf43945.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
Natural Host Rearing and some Biological Aspects of the Leopard Moth Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) on Poplar Trees (Populus Sp.) (Malpighiales salicaceae) in Egypt
317
319
EN
S.
M.
Hashim
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2019.48298
The leopard moth <em>Zeuzera pyrina</em> (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) became a destructive polyphagous pest to some wood, fruit and ornamental trees. Larvae of<em>. Z. pyrina</em> were reared on poplar (<em>Populus </em>sp.) branches. Number of larvae and pupae completed their development, percentage of pupation, larval and pupal durations, rate of moth emergence, mating, oviposition, longevity, incubation period and percentage of hatchability were studied in poplar branches under mean laboratory conditions. The pre-oviposition period was only one day, the incubation period averaged 10.9 days (16 – 14 days), approximated total life cycles were 300.8 (274 - 324 days on natural host when reared on poplar. The relatively long period of larval period of infestation (248 – 289 days with an average of 271.6 days) impose the need of urgent integrated control.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48298.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48298_3f582d491aeb3da67feeb6cafcf2d889.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
First DNA Barcoding-Based Record of Tetranychus and their Predators in Egypt
321
325
EN
Safinaz
A.
Ahmed
Plant Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2019.48300
<em>Tetranychus</em> sp. is a globally spread economic pest that affects multiple plant species affecting the quality and the quantity of the crop. Because of its economic importance, the ecological and molecular perspective was investigated deeply for this pest. From the ecological perspective, the numbers and the relative infestation of <em>Tetranychus</em> were investigated for different cultivars of maize, and we had found that there wer three cultivars that were relatively resistant in Egypt; namely, Pioneer 3057, 321 and 352 under the prevailing conditions of temperature and humidity. From the molecular perspective, the DNA barcoding technique was applied for the first time in Egypt for <em>Tetranychus</em> species and its predators, and we had found two species of <em>Tetranychus</em>; namely,<em> Tetranychus cinnabarinus</em> and <em>Tetranychus ludeni </em>Zacher which would have been mistakenly identified as <em>Tetranychus urticae</em> Koch., in most of the cases due to the high resemblance in morphology,and also we had found a predator ;namely, <em>Neoseiulus barkeri</em>, as one of the predators of <em>Tetranychus</em> species. This research proved that combining both ecological and molecular analysis of the pest is very important for understanding the best protection and prevention options. Moreover, the molecular DNA barcoding is a very reliable tool in <em>tetranychus</em> species identification and its predators.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48300.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48300_2d21275b86d28171d3d05e9730da46bb.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
Monthly, Seasonal Fluctuations and Breeding Season Studies of Cattle Egret, Bubulcus ibis ibis (L.) at Tahta District, Sohag Governorate
327
330
EN
M.
M. A.
Omar
Agric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ. Assiut branch, Egypt.
A.
A. E.
Hassan
Agric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ. Assiut branch, Egypt.
10.21608/jppp.2019.48301
The highest value of cattle egret birds were in fields nearby water canals during 2014/2015 and 2015/2016, while the lowest value was recorded in fields nearby buildings, field crops and trees. However, the highest value of abundance during March 2015 and April 2014, followed by March 2016 and April 2015, May 2014 and May 2015. While, the lowest value of population abundance of cattle egret were in June, July, August 2014 and August 2015 and January 2015 and 2016, February 2015 and 2016, September 2014 and 2015 and December 2014 and 2015. The highest value of cattle egret in Tahta district was in spring 2014 and 2015 and winter 2015 and 2016. While, the lowest value was recorded in autumn 2014 and 2015. The breeding period of cattle egret was reported to be from January to August,2016. The egg laying pattern of the cattle egret revealed that the time interval between the two successive laying's was approximately 30-36 hours. Cattle egret lays five clutches which extend from 3 to 26 January to 5/August, 2016 breeding season, respectively. Clutch size was recorded to be 1 to 5 eggs, 3 being the commonest and exceptionally 1 during the study period with 60.00% of nests with three eggs, 15.00% with four, 10.00% with two and five eggs and remaining 5.00% with one egg. Minimum of incubation period of Cattle egret birds was (19 days). The maximum incubation period was 22 days during breeding season. Hatchability of egrets differed according to clutch; its value was 70.58% at the first clutch, 73.68% at the second clutch, 72.22% at the third clutch, 69.69% at the fourth clutch, respectively. The lowest percentage of hatching was recoded in fifth clutch (65.52%), during breeding season 2016.
population,nearby,trees,breeding,period,clutch,egg,hatching,Cattle Egret,Birds
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48301.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48301_4478d4ba21e52a13e424af836ce8f4b3.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
Field Studies on the Tomato Bug Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Heteroptera : Miridae) on Different Solanaceous Crops
331
334
EN
S.
S.
Awadalla
Economic Entomology Department. Faculty of Agricultural, Mansoura University.
L.
M.
Shanab
Economic Entomology Department. Faculty of Agricultural, Mansoura University.
S.
A.
Kassem
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki, Giza.
M.
F.
Olyme
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki, Giza.
10.21608/jppp.2019.48302
The tomato bug <em>Nesidiocoris tenuis</em> ( Heteroptera: Miridae) is a mirid bug with zoophytophagous feeding behavior (feed on plants and several insect pests of solanaceous crops. A field experiment in farm located in Kafr El Sheikh region were carried out during two seasons (2015 /16 and 2016 /17). During February and May plantation in years of 2015 and 2016, the highest peak of abundance of tomato bug recorded in May plantation in tomato plants during the two years and represented by 198 and 177 individuals, respectively. A significant difference was found between February plantation and May plantation on the populations of tomato bug. Eggplant and pepper showed no significant differences during the two plantations. The population abundance of <em>N. tenuis</em> increased with the weekly increasing of insect pest’s populations which gives a strong typical predator response to prey availability. Predator: Prey ratio showed a narrowed range for the tomato bug and main insect pests in tomato plants during February plantation and ranged about 1:11in year 2015 and 1:10in year 2016.Meanwhile, in in May plantation during the two years and recorded a very narrowed ratio 1:5 during the two successive years 2015 and 2016 . During the two year in February plantations there were highly positive correlations effects among the total main insect pests and<em> N. tenuis </em>on tomato plants. While low and negative correlations were found oneggplant and pepper plants<em>. </em>Meanwhile in May plantations a highly positive correlation was found between the total main insect pests and <em>N. tenuis</em> on tomato and eggplant .Results revealed that, the tomato bug N. tenuis not appear on pepper plants in May plantation during the two years .
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48302.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48302_154b41d2a196b7c858297c4755b88b14.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3758
10
6
2019
06
01
Suitability of Host Plants and Insect Preys to the Zoophytophagous Tomato Bug Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Heteroptera :Miridae)
335
338
EN
S.
S.
Awadalla
Economic Entomology Department. Faculty of Agricultural, Mansoura University.
L.
M.
Shanab
Economic Entomology Department. Faculty of Agricultural, Mansoura University.
S.
A.
Kassem
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki, Giza.
M.
F.
Olyme
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki, Giza.
10.21608/jppp.2019.48303
The tomato bug <em>Nesidiocoris tenuis (</em>Reuter) (Miridae, Heteroptera)is one of the mirid bugs that can feed on plants and preys on different insect pests. It’s generally appears with large numbers in greenhouses and open fields of tomato crop in Egypt. It can complete the development of immature stages and survive on solanaceous plants with no choice feed. Tomato plants found to be the suitable host plant with survival rate 42.5%, followed by eggplant and pepper and represented by 21.7 and 10.0 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the duration of the total immature stage found to be the shortest duration when it reared on pepper plants and represented by 7.3 ±0.33days, followed by eggplant and pepper and represented by 8.3±0.3 and 7.7 ±0.3 days, respectively. In addition tomato bug can develop and survive when the immature stage feed on different insects as prey with no choice feed. The survival rate increased by feeding the immature stages insects as prey, the highest survival rate recorded when the tomato bug reared with the tomato borer, <em>Tuta absoluta </em>Meyrick. ranged between 80.8%, meanwhile the lowest survival rate record when reared immature stages on the cotton leafworm <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> Bosid.,and ranged 63.3%, respectively .On other hand the duration found to be short with 6.33±0.33 days on the cotton whitefly <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> Genn., and <em>T.absoluta</em> followed by the cotton worm and plant hoppers <em>Empoasca </em>spp., and represented by 6.33±0.33 days, respectively. When tomato plants and insects as prey introduced to the immature stages with choice feed, the highest survivals rate were record and ranged 95.8 % on tomato with <em>B. tabaci</em> followed by tomato plants with <em>T.absoluta ,S.littoralis</em> and <em>Empoasca </em>spp.and represented by 92.9 , 90.8 and 89.2 ,respectively.
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48303.html
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_48303_d3ac21be53d92acb0dbedaef403646a1.pdf