2024-03-29T03:35:53Z
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=12786
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2020
11
3
Joint Toxicity of Insecticides and some Entomopathogenic Nematode Species against Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) Insect In Vitro
A.
El Sobki
R.
El-Ashry
Olfat
Arafa
Efficacy of imported and local entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) alone or in combinations with the insecticides, imidacloprid, zeta-cypermethrin, profenfos and emmectin benzoate against red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus differed greatly according to nematode species and instar larvae under laboratory conditions.Both Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HP88 strain) and local species H.bacteriophora (Ar-4 strain) showed promising results by killing 92.20 and 82.13 % of the 4th instar larvae after 9 days of exposure, respectively. Whereas, S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora (Ht strain) showed less insecticidal activity against 4th, 9th and 11th instar larvae. On the other hand, Egyptian H. bacteriophora (Ar-4 strain) was more effective than H.bacteriophora (Ht strain). Adults of R. ferrugineus were less susceptible to nematode infection than instar larvae. According to LD 50 with LT 50 values, H. bacteriophora (HP88 strain) was more aggressive killer to RPW than native strains and LT50 values were 5.693, 4.319 and 2.943 days at concentrations of 500, 1500 and 2500IJs/ml, respectively. At the LC50 and LC90 values, imidacloprid was the most toxic for 9th and 11th Instars of R. ferrugineus, whereas, profenfos was the least effective one after 24 hr of exposure. The joint action of chemical pesticides with IJs of EPNs in controlling the 9th and 11th instar larvae of R. ferrugineus showed an additive or potentiation reaction with no evidence of antagonistic action.Overall, results indicate the feasibility of an integrated use of these nematode species and chemical pesticides in controlling red palm weevil under field conditions.
EPNs
Insecticides
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus
control
Lethal toxicity
Compatibility
joint action
2020
03
01
161
168
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_84629_027eb4abb1209abc013076617f902d5d.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2020
11
3
Combined Effect of Silica Applications and Nitrogen Fertilizers on Two Rice Cultivars and Infestation Rate by Stem Borer, Chilo agamemnon Bles
H.
Saleh
A.
Taha
AL-Shymaa
AL-Mokadem
Field experiments were conducted at Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt; to investigate the effect silica combined with mineral nitrogen on rice yield, and stem borer Chilo agamemnon Bles. Applying potassium ore combined with 92 kg N/fed. Produced the highest panicles/m2 (814.31) compared to other silica applications or lower nitrogen levels. The same trend was observed with panicle weight. One-thousand grain weight was higher in Egyptian hybrid 1 than in Giza 178. The grain yields were also highest with potassium ore for both cultivars at the rate of 92 kg N/fed. Rice stem borer infestation was higher in hybrid than in inbred cultivar. Both dead hearts and white heads gradually increased by the increase of nitrogenous applications; from 2.65 to 4.14 % dead hearts, and from 3.77 to 5.59 % white heads due to nitrogenous increase from 23 to 92 kg/fed., respectively. The highest dead hearts (4.92 & 5.28) and white heads (9.42 & 7.06 %) were detected in plots without silica. From the data of this experiment, it could be concluded that Egyptian hybrid 1 yielded more than Giza 178, particularly with using 92 kg N/fed., combined with potassium ore at 500 kg/fed.. It was found that silica applications reduced the stem borer infestation, regardless of the cultivar and nitrogen rates.
rice
Hybrid
inbred
nitrogen levels
silica materials
rice stem borer infestation
2020
03
01
169
174
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87017_3c29010fd1b688f92ab31b2c13fb801d.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2020
11
3
Role of Purpureocillium lilacinum Cultural Filtrate in Controlling Onion White Rot
M.
Ali
Onion white rot is one of the most destructive diseases threat onion production in Egypt. The present study assessed the effect of Purpureocillium lilacinum culture filtrates in vitro and in vivo conditions on Stromatinia cepivora at 75%concentration. Bioagent culture filtrates inhibited the mycelial growth, sclerotial formation and myceliogenic germination of S. cepivora by 82.59, 100 and 93.33%, respectively. The culture filtrates at 75% increased cell membrane permeability of S. cepivora compared to the control. The in vitro analysis revealed that 92.5% of the sclerotia were lost its activity in the soil when treated with filtrates and significantly decreased the disease incidence and severity by 95.10 and 98.30%, respectively under greenhouse conditions. However, soil previously infested with S. cepivora sclerotia and handled continuously with bioagent culture filtrate for 6 months before onion cultivation undoubtedly decreased the disease incidence and severity. During 6 months after field culture filtrates treatment, more than 80 and 60% of the sclerotia failed to emergence in trial I and II plots experiment, respectively. After one-year culture filtrate treatment in consecutive onion field crop cultivation, filtrates were more efficient than control in decreasing white rot incidence attendant with low inoculum density trial field (77.67sclerotia/kg of soil). Consequently, a decrease in white rot incidence resulting promotion to vegetative parameters of culture filtrate treated onion plants in pots and increase growth and bulb yield productivity in field. Decreasing disease incidence and severity was associated with increase activities of antioxidant enzymes polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and chitinase by application of culture filtrates.
Onion white rot
Stromatinia cepivora
Purpureocillium lilacinum
culture filtrates
antioxidant-related enzymes
2020
03
01
175
184
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87019_6fd16e1cae9a5f317010d1410d5fd78c.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2020
11
3
Co-Existence of Pests and the Associated Predators Inhabiting Cucumber, Cucumus sativus L. (Fam. Cucurbitacae) at Assiut Governorate
T.
Abo-Elmaged
A.
Ali
M.
Abdel-Rahman
Asmaa
Abd-Allah
The present study is carried out at the experimental farm of Assiut University, during the period started from 2014 to 2016 growing seasons of cucumber. The faunistic composition of pests and their associated predators inhabiting cucumber plants, Cucumus sativus Lrevealed the presence of 39 species of arthropods belonged to 13 orders and 28 families as well as some species of true spiders. From the species collected, 4 species are considered as abundant pests, 2 species as less abundant pests, 11species slightly abundant, 18 beneficial arthropods and some unidentified true spider and 4 species are considered as pollinators and visitors. The collected species can be classified as piercing-sucking pests, leaf feeders, and leaf miners. In general member of 7 insect orders (Orthoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera and Acari) and 13 families (Acridiidae, Gryllotalpidae, Gryllidae, Thripidae, Pentatomidae, Aleyrodidae, Aphidadae, Cicadellidae, Noctuidae, Agromyzidae) beside four families of order Acari (Iolinidae, Tarsonemidae, Tetranychidae and Tydidae) were recorded inhabiting cucumber plants during spring and summer plantations of cucumber at Assiut governorate in session (2014-2016). The green lacwing, Chrysoperla carnea Steph, the hover fly, Eupeodes corollae (F.) (= Syrphus corolla F.) and the lady beetles, Coccinella undecimpunctata L., were the most abundant predator species. Species such as Lapidura riparia Pall, Orius sp., P. alferii Koch.and some unidentified species of true spiders were collected occasionally and in scarce numbers.
Cucumber
insect pests
Predators
Assiut
2020
03
01
185
189
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87021_759d52934a9b19d269ff28e42dfbe85e.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2020
11
3
Susceptibility of some Plant Cultivars Cucumber and Watermelon to Root- Kont Nematode, Meloidogyne javanica under Greenhouse Conditions
A.
EL-Mesalamy
N.
Mahmoud
A.
Anany
A.
El-Sagheer
Thirteen cultivars of cucumber Cucumis sativus and eight cultivars of watermelon Citrullis vulgaris were evaluated for their host response to Meloidogyne javanica. The nematode succeeded in developing and multiplying on all most tested cultivars from Cucurbitaceae plants. Cucumber cultivars Hisham, Waffir and Beitalpha the highest rate of nematode reproduction more than the rest of cultivars Emparator, Hayel and Sinai1 were classified as slightly resistant (SR ). While cultivars cucumber Bahy, BashaF1,Beitalpha, Ellama, Eshrak1, Fahd, HadyF1, Hisham,Paracoda, Waffir were classified as susceptible (S) hosts to M.javanica. Also, results showed that some of tested watermelon cvs Aswan F1, Giza 1, Giza 21 and Sugar Baby were classified as slightly resistant (SR) , and four cvs Al-Fahd, Al-Gawhra ,Charleston Gray123 and Crimson Sweet were classified as susceptible(S) hosts. Moreover, there were significant reduction in both shoot and root fresh weights of the tested all cultivars infected.
Meloidogyne javanica
Cucurbitaceae
susceptibility
Cucumber
Watermelon
cultivars
2020
03
01
191
195
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87023_efe3a9a826d2859219649321fdd6d791.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2020
11
3
Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus aryabhattai as Biocontrol Agents against Ralstonia solanacearum In Vitro and In Planta
M.
Soliman
The present study aimed to biologically controlling the potato bacterial wilt disease which caused by Ralstonia solanacearum by antagonistic bacterial isolates which isolated from soil. Two bacterial isolates (coded, MAS400 and MAS100) obtained from soil of some field grown potato crops was tested to against Ralstonia solanacearum bacterium in vitro and in planta. The isolates showed various ability to inhibit R. solanacerum growth in vitro. The isolate MAS400 exhibited highly inhibitory activity (3.7 cm), while the isolate MAS100 showed moderate antagonistic activity (0.9 cm). Molecular identification and 16S rDNA sequencing for the antagonistic bacterial isolates showed that, the isolate MAS400 is Bacillusaryabhattai withpercent identity 80.56% and the isolate MAS100 is Paenibacillus polymyxa withpercent identity 97.63% compared to known bacterial sequences in the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) databases. The isolate MAS100 was deposited in Genebank NCBI with accession number MN971671. Assessment of antagonistic bacteria as biocontrol agents for suppressionpotato bacterial wilt disease showed that, symptoms were less severe and the appearance of wilt symptom on infected plants was delayed compared to the control. Trials with Paenibacillus polymyxa isolate on potato plants had a lower disease incidence (20 %) with maximum disease reduction (80 %), whereas Bacillusaryabhattai isolate had a higher disease incidence on potato plants (60 %), with lower disease reduction (40 %). Isolates Paenibacillus polymyxa showed the highest suppression on potato plants.
biological control
Ralstonia solanacearum
Paenibacillus polymyxa
Bacillus aryabhattai and bacterial wilt disease
2020
03
01
197
203
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_87024_9da2c6d09eed39647ec6d4c6a3d7e061.pdf