2024-03-28T22:17:40Z
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=6050
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Enhancing the Attraction Efficiency of GF-120 for the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) by Adding some Ammonium Compounds
M.
El-Metwally
The present investigation aims to evaluate efficacy of adding some ammonium compounds to Conserve (GF-120) when used at different concentrations, (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0% (wt./vol.) on attraction of the Mediterranean fruit fly (MFF). These compounds included; ammonium acetate (AA), Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and ammonium carbonate (AC). The relationship between attraction flies and pH values of the bait solution was also investigated. Field experiments were carried out at Dakahlia Governorate during October 2017 at Guava and Citrus orchards. The obtained results indicated a positive relationship between concentrations of all tested ammonium compounds and the number of attracted flies to GF-120 concentrations. Also, there were positive responses between pH values and the attracted flies (females, males or total). Females responded significantly more than males to pH values. Additions of 3% DAP or 2-3% AC to GF-120 enhanced its attraction to Ceratitis capitata, potentially increasing the bait's efficacy in applying integrated pest management programs for C. capitata.
GF-120
Ceratitis capitata
ammonium compounds
pH
2018
02
01
51
56
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41247_8cf835a8e6016e75590b0a6700f75ab2.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
A Novel Composite as a Dispenser for Methyl Eugunol to Attract the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) Males under Field Conditions
R.
El-Adly
M.
El-Metwally
N.
Ghanim
Peach fruit fly (PFF), Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered one of the most economic important insect pest for several kinds of fruit species. Present work seeks to explore for the preparation of a novel composite based on petroleum coke with polyethylene, oleic acid and natural rubber as a dispenser for methyl eugunol. This target aims to get efficient dispenser composite to attract PFF males under field conditions in comparison with standard liquid lure dispenser (cotton wick). In addition to favorably regulate the release rate of methyl eugenol (ME) to extend its effectiveness and stability for PFF attraction in comparison with standard lure dispenser (cotton wick) by using Jackson traps under field conditions. The obtained results showed that Composite prolonged the length of effective field ME duration to 18 weeks or longer; while, the length of effective field duration of cotton wick dispenser was 8 weeks only. The ability of cotton wick dispenser to attract PFF males was higher than that of Composite during the first six weeks (with no significant differences between the two dispensers in some of these weeks). On contrary, from the 7th week till the end of the experiments, Composite dispenser showed significantly higher ability to attract PFF males. Efficacy from Composite dispenser did not significantly affected by the time passed after hanging traps; while, ME released from cotton wick dispenser decreased significantly by the time passed. On another hand, the efficacy of Composite dispenser did not significantly affected by air temperature degrees; while, the efficacy of cotton wick dispenser was significantly affected by air temperature degrees. Therefore, it could be concluded that the prepared composite may efficiently replace the cotton wick and could be applied at large scale in integrated pest management programs for PFF.
Bactrocera zonata
Methyl Eugenol
Petroleum coke
dispenser composite
lure dispenser
2018
02
01
57
63
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41248_3666db11fdd3ee0747e53df6abbd715d.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Identification and Evaluation of Cotton and Tomato Plant Volatiles as Attractants for Certain Lepidopterous Insect Pests
Samah
Ibrahim
A.
El Gendy
E.
Omer
The objective of the current study was to identification and evaluate the essential oils “Eos.” of cotton and tomato plants to determine the responsive attraction of some pests; Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), Pectinophora gossypilla (Sound.) and Earias insulana (Boisd.) which caused a lot of damage to cotton and vegetable crops in Egypt. An experiment of two choice olfactometer systems was used in moths’ bioassay to study the effect of which part of cotton plant and three tomato varieties can attract or repellent of volatile oils EOs. Essential oils of cotton and tomato plants were extracted and chemically identified by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Eighty-six volatile compounds were identified from leaves, bolls and flowers of cotton representing (99.45, 99.57 and 99.02%) from total mass, respectively. The major constituent of their chemical composition was Caryophyllene (17.83, 22.01 and 24.63 % for cotton leaves, flowers and bolls, respectively), D-Limonene recorded the largest compound in tomato varieties (“Real Madrid” 20.35 %, “Bs” 10.49 % and “Alissa” 12.07 %). Laboratory bioassay of the target pest “female and male moths” of P. gossypilla, obtained that the highest total response were83.09, 64.0 and 57.0 % for cotton leaves, flowers and bolls oil. E. insulana was the highest attracted moths to cotton bolls (64.91 %.), while S. littoralis estimated a positive response to cotton leaves (76.6 %). The present results may providea new strategy in the future to use plant essential oils as amixture baited on pheromone traps to attract and kill those pests.
Plant essential oils
Spodoptra littoralis
Pectinophora gossypiella
Earias insulana
2018
02
01
65
71
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41250_89fb2170b929de5cd619c7d17aa3e3cd.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Impact of Bio-Fertilizer EM and Plants Dried Leaf Powders of Water Hyacinth or Turmeric on Tomato Plants Infected by Meloidogyne incognita at Greenhouse Conditions.
A.
El-Sherif
H.
El-kady
S.
Gad
M.
Shalaby
A pot assessment was conducted to verify the impact of bio-fertilizer EM and dried powder of water hyacinth plant (Eichhornia Crassipes) or turmeric plant (Curcuma longa) either or integrated applications on plant reaction of tomato seedlings cv. 888 F1 infected by M. incognita at greenhouse conditions. It is remarkable to detect that the experienced binary applications accomplished better results than single ones did. Evidently, data showed that all tested components enhanced tested plant criteria and also diminished nematode parameters. The bio-fertilizer EM application plus dry-leaf powder of water hyacinth plant mixed with oxamyl at triple doses each showed the maximum value of whole plant length (73.0%), whole plant fresh weights (231.8%), shoot dried weight (246.8%), leaves number (126.52%) and branches number (41.51%), respectively. In the meantime, the tetra application of (bio-fertilizer EM + turmeric + water hyacinth +oxamyl) accomplished the maximum decrease percentage in total nematode final density, galls and egg-masses number with values of 97.4, 86.5 and 91.5%, correspondingly. It was obvious that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concentration, chlorophyll and phenol contents were apparently reduced by nematode infectivity by deferent degrees. All tested applications showed significant increase percentages of in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concentration, chlorophyll and phenol contents greater than those of nematode alone.
Bio-fertilizer
EM
dried leaf powders
Water hyacinth
Turmeric
control
M. incognita
2018
02
01
77
82
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41252_c01e30d01b5dc4397054e883a6eb2b85.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Effect of Pollen Supplements and Substitutes on Honey Bee Queen Ovaries and Worker Hypopharyngeal Glands
Noran
Gamal Eldin
A.
Ebeid
A.
Sallam
N.
Basuny
The study was carried out in a private outdoor apiary located at Meet Fares village, Bani Ebaid district, Dakahlia province. The study was conducted during winter and early spring, covering the dearth season prior to clover nectar flow season to investigate the effect of food supplements on the reared queens quality and the worker hypopharyngeal glands (HPGs). The results showed that the clover pollen diets had the largest effect on the mean queen weight and lengths also on the mean queen abdomen length and width in comparison with gluten and sugar syrup feeding. Also, the mean weight of queen ovaries and the mean number of ovarioles were the largest when honey bee fed pollen diets. Histologically, the nurse worker hypopharyngeal glands (HPGs) exhibited larger acini diameters and more secretions in case of clover pollen diets followed by corn gluten one in comparison with the sugar syrup. Generally, corn gluten exhibited moderate positive effects and could be a good protein nutritive, especially, when blended with other nutritive materials as yeasts and sugar. It is relatively cheaper and has high protein content, so it is recommended as a suitable pollen substitute in dearth periods.
Honey Bees
feeding
substitutes
supplements
2018
02
01
83
91
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41253_5f72debea2a517900ddea6f8c0b8db95.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
The Economic Thresholds and Injury Levels for the English Grain Aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.) (Hemiptera- Aphididae) on Wheat Crop
A.
Ghanim
S.
Awadalla
F.
Abd Allah
A.
Abdel-Aziz
A yield loss 28.66, 47.35, 61.77 and 79.86% caused due to introduce 1, 3, 5 and 7 individuals/ spike of aphid species Sitobion avenea Fabricius (Hemiptera- Aphididae) as abundant wheat insect pests to fifteen tillers under cages. A market price of 2017 the wheat crop (420 E.L/Aradab) and costs of control measures 90 E.L/feddan was standard, during flowering and heading stage. The calculated economic injury level (EIL) and economic threshold (ETL) in average were 7.03 and 2.26 aphid/ spike/ feddan, respectively. Calculated gain threshold was 0.21 Ardab/feddan.
Sitobion avenea
Feddan
Ardab = 150 K.G
2018
02
01
93
95
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41254_736dcc15166bf4a1495fe440c0c50937.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
The Main Insect Pests Attacking Wheat Plants and their Associated Predators in Sakha District, Kafr Elsheikh Governorate
S.
Awadalla
A.
Ghanim
F.
Abd Allah
A.
Abdel-Aziz
During the two seasons of study, the most abundant order was Hemiptera, included cereal aphids. English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae Fab. was the common species followed by Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Schizaphis graminum (Rond.), Rhopalosiphium maidis (Fitch) and Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko (Aphididae), Empoasca spp. (Cicadellidae), Nilaparvata lugens (Delphacidae), Limothrips cerealium Haliday, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thripidae), Nezara viridula (L.), Eysarcoris inconspicuous (West.)(Pentatomidae), leaf-miner, Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen) (Diptra: Agromyzidae) were recorded in Egypt which caused a harmful losses of a green area of leaves, executed yield loss. Followed by Sphyrotheca spp.(order: Collombolla)and Silver Y moth, Phytometra gamma (Lepidoptera). In addition, eleven spots ladybird, Coccinella undecimpunctata (L.), was the most associated aphid specific predator, followed by others predators, Cydonia vicina isis Cr., Cydonia vicina nilotica Mul., Scymnus sp. and Rhyzobius litura Fab. (Coccinellidae), Paederus alfierii (Staphylinidae), Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) (Chrysopidae), Metasyrphus corolla (Fab.) (Syrphidae) Orius sp. (Hemiptera).
2018
02
01
97
101
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41256_9c127b12807799f40739c0ce2ae7acf2.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Using of Tamarind and Vanilla Essential Oils for the Management of Brown Rot Disease of Potato
Z.
Moussa
Eman
Goma
Ehsan
Rashad
E.
Salem
The hazard of chemical pesticides on the environment is a worldwide problem. Finding ecofriendly alternatives to chemical pesticides is a recent trend in agricultural research, one of the best choices is essential oils (EOs). This study aims to manage brown rot disease of potato using EOs. In vitro, Seven of 16 EOs inhibited Ralstonia solanacearum. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value was determined on R. solanacearum growth, tamarind and vanilla EOs had the lowest MIC (1%). Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis indicated that the main components of tamarind EO (TEO) and vanilla EO (VEO) are propylene glycol (50.97 %) and vanillin (40.78 %), respectively. TEO had a stronger bactericidal effect than VEO when R. solanacearum incubated in a solution of MIC of both EOs. In the pots experiment, soaking potato slices (spunta cultivar) in 1% of each of TEO and VEO for 30 minutes significantly improved peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, chlorophylls and carotenoids, as well as, increased the plant height after 70 days of planting in comparison with the control treatment. Both EOs significantly decreased the disease rating from 4.2 in control treatment to 1.6 (TEO) and 2.2 (VEO). In addition to marked increments up to 36.11% (TEO) and 32.52% (VEO) in fresh tubers weight. After 60 days of tubers storage at room temperature, the two EOs decreased the infected tubers by 69.05% (TEO) and 47.17% (VEO). Generally, TEO showed better results than VEO. The growth inhibition of R. solanacearum and enhancement of physiological characters and yield of potato, encouraging the use of these two uncommon EOs as effective tools to manage brown rot disease of potato.
Ralstonia solanacearum
inhibition
Bactericidal effect
Pot experiment
yield
physiological characters
2018
02
01
103
109
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41258_4519d0342d43de1cebecfa0902f07c27.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Characterization of Partial Resistance to Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) in some Egyptian Wheat Cultivars
R.
Omara
A.
Abu Aly
M.
Abou-Zeid
Partial resistance (PR) to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) in 12 Egyptian wheat cultivars was experimentally measured and characterized, using three epidemiological parameters; final rust severity (FRS %), area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and rate of disease increase (r-value) at two locations, i.e. Sharkyia and Kafr El-Sheikh Governorates, during 2015/16 and 2016/17 growing seasons. All of these parameters found to be lower in the partially resistant (PR) cultivars; Sakha-94, Sakha-95, Misr-1 and Misr-2, rather than those in the highly susceptible or fast-rusting cultivars; Sids-12 and Gemmeiza-11, as well as the check variety; Morocco, during the study. Each of the four partially resistant cultivars had the potentiality to decrease the amount of stripe rust infection, also retard the disease development, during an epidemic, in both years and under the two locations. Additionally, higher amounts of both 1000 kernel weight (g) and grain yield/plot (kg) were obtained from the partially resistant cultivars. More than 90% of the differences in a disease response of the tested cultivars against stripe rust were mainly due to it’s genetic structure. Where, the genetic make-up of the tested cultivars found to be relatively contributed by 97.59, 97.10 and 95.16% in 2015/16 and 97.43, 96.87 and 94.98% in 2016/17,to the expression of the aforementioned three epidemiological parameters, respectively. The expression of resistance was slightly affected by a very little change in environmental conditions between the two locations or from one year to another, as the relative contribution of the environment (locations) was very low (less than 5%). These results were ensured with the high estimates of heritability (%), during the two growing seasons of the study, which indicated that most of the phenotypic variation in these PR components were essentially due to a genetic structure (genetic make-up) of the tested cultivars. Also, the high heritability estimates of the studied parameters, clearly demonstrated that any of these parameters could be used as a good criterion for evaluating and selecting PR wheat genotypes, under field conditions. Correlation matrix gave evidence to the importance of these disease parameters, especially FRS (%), as it considered being a good and more reliable indicator for evaluation partial resistance (PR) of the tested wheat cultivars against stripe rust. Thus, partial resistance to stripe rust could be accurately measured, characterized, screened and selected equally well in different wheat genotypes under field conditions, using one or more of these convenient and more reliable epidemiological parameters; FRS%, AUDPC and r- value.
Wheat
stripe rust
partial resistance (PR)
genetic structure
heritability
genetic advance
2018
02
01
111
119
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41259_cefd510a304fca9c7816a8647f1d77f0.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Monitoring of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Groundwater Samples from Sana’a City (Yemen) by Gas Chromatography Using Solid Phase Extraction Method
G.
Awadh
M.
Hashim
Residue values of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in groundwater samples from Sana’a, the capital of Yemen, are reported. A total of 60 water samples from 10 main sampling sites in Sana’a City were extracted with the extraction solvents (Dichloromethane : hexane; 3:1) and Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) method was used for the extraction of residues in water sample. The analysis of the 18 OCPs (4,4-DDD, 4,4-DDE, 4,4-DDT, a-endosulfan, a-HCH, aldrin, b-endosulfan, b-HCH, d-HCH, dieldrin, endosulfan sulfate, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane and methoxychlor) was carried out by capillary gas chromatography equipped with an electron capture detector (63Ni), split/splitless mode. Three residues of 18 targeted OCPs were found in 3 samples only. Among the various pesticides analyzed only, aldrin (0.0002 μg/l), dieldrin (0.0007 μg/l) and 4,4-DDT (0.0005 μg/l) were found in the groundwater samples. For all compounds examined, all concentration levels of residues were found to be within WHO and European Economic Commission Standards (EEC) for drinking water quality.
organochlorine
Pesticide Residues
Groundwater
Sana’a gas-chromatography
solid phase extraction
2018
02
01
121
125
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41260_c69db286d7464d48f00e9b0c53dc886f.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Life Table Parameters, Thermal-Requirements and Development Rate of the Madeira Mealybug Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
Fatma
Moharum
Sanaa
Abd El-Mageed
This study of life table parameters, thermal-requirements and development rate of Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) reared at 20, 25 and 30°C in department of scale insects and mealybugs laboratory, Plant Protection Research Institute. The main longevity eggs, nymphs,adult female and male development From 20°C to 30°C, greater temperature significantly shortened the period on development regarding every developmental stage. The low aggregate length about nymphal development of females was once 20.65, 28.95 and 47.85 days of 20, 25 and 30°C, respectively. Immature stage about females required a short length (between two or three days) for development than Immature stage males within 20°C in conformity with 30°C. Thehighest percentage on hatching at 25 °C. The percentage of eggs so much survived in imitation of adult male (23%) used to be perfect at 25°C. The survival rates from egg in conformity with adult female was best possible (34.44 %) at 30°C.The effects about P. madeirensis females life table parameters then reared of Potato sprouts at the three examined temperatures 20, 25 or 30oC, the mean generation time (T) was once 51.46, 28.64 then 20.71, respectively. The population on P. madeirensis could keep doubled each 8.96, 4.37 or 3.03 days, respectively. The net reproductive rate (Ro), representing the total female births was once 115.09, 93.91 or 53.61. The value on the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was once 0.08, 0.16 then 0.23 respectively. The finite rate of increase (λ) about P. madeirensis was once 1.08, 1.17 and 1.26 time out of 20°C to 30°C, respectively. Degree day requirements to P. madeirensis required 357.14 DD in accordance with completed theirs improvement beside egg stage in accordance with adult female, while out of egg according to male was 400 DD.
The Madeira mealybug
Phenacoccus madeirensis Green
life table
thermal-requirements
2018
02
01
127
130
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41263_3c29e855c440dfbb890d5ec4211040e9.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Scanning Electron Microscopy and Biochemical Studies on Spodoptera littoralis Larvae Following Treatments with Ethanolic Extract of Taxodium distichum and Lufenuron
Hend
Sabry
The efficacy of the Taxodium distichum (L.)ethanol extract fruits and the chitin synthesis inhibiting insecticide, lufenuron on 4th instar of larvae Spodoptera littoralis and determination of the possible damage induced to cuticle and head capsule were evaluated. The sublethal concentration LC50swere(10490 & 1.41 ppm) for T. distichum ethanolic extract and lufenuron, respectively. The ethanolic extract of T. distichum was analyzed by (GC-MS). The major compounds were Ferruginol (16.96%), Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (10.03%), piperine (6.81%), 3alpha,12beta-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-2,4-oic acid methyl ester (4.53%), Didecyl phthalate (4.03%) and Octadecane,1-[2-(hexadecyloxy) ethoxy] (2.94%). The scanning electron microscope observations clearly revealed that the two compounds have approximately similar disrupting effects on external morphology of cuticle and head capsule, as disrupted dark zones in the cuticle with shrinking, double head capsule formation, dwarfed with indistinct structures of head capsule and some deformities noticed in the mouth parts of treated larvae. The variation in some carbohydrases, chitinase, proteinase and phenol oxidase enzymes activities could be attributed due to tested materials. The ethanolic extract of T. distichum fruits could be a promising agent for pest control programs.
Spodoptera littoralis
Taxodium distichum
lufenuron
Enzymes
Scanning electron microscope
2018
02
01
131
138
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41265_a8d51427b685138fc4462105e18f0827.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Composition and Larvicidal Action of Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oil against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)
Hala
Mead
This study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of the essential oil of basil leaves, Ocimum basilicum on newly hatched larvae of Spodoptera littoralis. The chemical composition of the basil oil using (GC-Ms) analysis showed Linalool (48.26%), Eucalyptol (9.21%) and Estragole (5.16%) as the major constituents. Results indicated that the basil oil has larvicidal activity against S. littoralis . Latent effects with LC50 value of basil oil on the successive stages were also detected, both larval and pupal duration was significantly elongated as compared to control, while the reverse was true in case of pupation and pupal weight. Additionally, the tested essential oil caused significant inhibition of the activity of acetylcholine esterase enzyme and significant increase in Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme than control.
Ocimum basilicum
Spodoptera littoralis
larvicidal
Enzymes
2018
02
01
139
143
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41266_e0fa00f61107603fc54ee05a2c0b731d.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Daily Activity of Pollen Collection According to Different Regions in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate .
H.
Fathy
L.
El-Batran
F.
Serag El-Dien
Z.
Hassanein
Pollen loads were collected from the traps at 2 hour intervals from March to August during season 2014 from 8 a.m. till 6 p.m in three districts. The results showed that the highest amounts of trapped pollen occurred during the period from 10-12 a.m with an average 88.95, 64.99 and 57.77 g/colony in Biala, Sidi Salem and Kafr El-Sheikh, respectively with representing 28.07%, 27.34% and 29.39% while; the lowest amounts of trapped pollen occurred during period from 4-6 p.m with an average of 27.09, 16.81 and 13.77 g/colony in Bialla, Kafr El-Sheikh and Sidi Salem, respectively. for the whole season; The average amounts of trapped pollen were represented by 8.55 , 8.55 and 5.97% in the three locations , respectively.
2018
02
01
145
147
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41269_ee82c55b3d68cc5d53eab1e1bd734889.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Chemical Composition of the Main Pollen Collection by Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
H.
Fathy
L.
El-Batran
F.
Serag El-Dien
Z.
hassanein
The current experiment aims to study chemical analysis of the main pollen collection according to different regions At Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate (Sidi Salem, Bialla and Kafr El-Sheikh). The results showed that in the three districts during 2014 season, the highest average of moisture content was found in pollen obtained from Vicia fabae with 28.93%, 29.00%, and 29.00%, respectively mean while, the least values of moisture was found in Eucalyptus spp. in Sidi Salem, Bialla and Kafr El-Sheikh and represented by 27.70%, 28.50% and 26.90%, respectively. The highest ash content (4.44%) in Melilotus siculus in the three districts and the least average in Brassica Kabar (3.33%), the highest average of fiber content was found in Salix safsaf (2.31%) in the three districts and the least average was in Trifolium alexandrinum (1.27%), the highest average of lipid found in Salix safsaf (21.80%) and the least in Brassica kabar (20.73%), the highest average of protein found in Trifolium alexandrinum (32.17%) and the least average in Salix safsaf (30.78%) and the highest average of carbohydrate content was found in pollen Brassica kabar (14.22%) and the least average in Trifolium alexandrinum 12.67%.
2018
02
01
149
151
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41280_a23255702009be186649794f3c931520.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
2
Survey of Entomopathogenic Fungi and Parasitoids on Two Aphid Species on Wheat Crop in Gharbia Governorate, Egypt
I.
El-Shami
M.
El-Sheikh
The present work was carried out during two successive wheat growing seasons, being 2015/16 and 2016/17 in three locations, Gharbia governorate to survey the cereal aphids and their natural enemies. Two cereal aphids were found: Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) occurred from December to April and Sitobion avenae (F.) was found during March and April. Two entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from the two cereal aphids. The fungus, Lecanicillium lecanii isolated from R. padi and the seasonal fungal incidence percentage were 4.35±0.43 and 7.28±2.1% in the two seasons. Also, the fungus Erynia neoaphidis isolated from S. avenae and the seasonal fungal incidence percentage were 7.28±2.1 and 8.0±0.88% in the two seasons, respectively. In addition to the last fungus isolated from R. padi for the second season and the seasonal fungal incidence percentage was 1.43±0.29%. Two primary aphid parasitoids were found in the two seasons: the first primary parasitoid was Aphidius rhopalosiphi and the seasonal percentage of parasitism on R. padi and S. avenae were 1.21±0.18 and 2.06±0.65% for the first season and 2.37±0.08 and 3.13±0.27% for the second season. The second primary parasitoid was Praon volucre and the seasonal percentage of parasitism on R. padi and S. avenae were 0.56±0.16 and 3.54±0.40% for first season and 1.63±0.35 and 4.20±0.36% for second season. The primary aphid parasitoids were attacked by three secondary parasitoids by the end of seasons on both aphid species except for R. padi parasitoids was found in the middel of the first season. It was observed that some aphid mummies not emerged to parasitoids on both aphid species on the two seasons except on the first season was not recorded on R. padi mummies. Results appeared the role of entomopathogenic fungi and aphid parasitoids as natural mortality factors of cereal aphids in Egypt.
Entomopathogenic fungi
Parasitoids
aphids
wheat crop
Egypt
2018
02
01
153
158
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_41282_b16941689bf81d5af9ba66c607d430a5.pdf