2024-03-29T11:28:11Z
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=6632
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Comparative Studies on the Seasonal Activity of Eublemma gayneri (Roth.) and their Natural Enemies as a New Guest on Mango Trees in Neglected and Commercial Orchards
A.
Abdel Kareim
M.
Ragab
N.
Ghanim
Samira
Abd El-Salam
In the present study, the semi-lopper worm (SLW), Eublemma gayneri (Roth.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was recorded attacking mango inflorescence for the first time in Egypt. It exhibited three peaks of seasonal abundance annually. The anthocord predator, Orius sp. was mainly associated with E. gayneri population during the both years of investigation.The obtained data during the two years of study revealed that the larvae of E. gayneri were found to be parasitized by only one endo-parasitoid species namely; Wohlfahrtia sp. (belonging to Order: Diptera, Family: Sarcophagidae). The parasitoid was recorded for the first time in Egypt on semi-lopper worm larvae. This parasitoid was recorded in the neglected orchard with relatively high numbers; while, it was rarely recorded in the commercial orchard. In addition, the anthocord predator, Orius sp. was mainly associated with E. gayneri population during the both years of investigation, especially in mango orchard without chemical treatments.Generally,the obtained results obviously illustrated that insecticides treatments exhibited an adverse effect on the parasitoid, Wohlfahrtia sp. and the predator, Orius sp. populations.
2018
07
01
381
385
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42176_83ad8c5256f71c8485dba94fb19afc82.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Seasonal Activity of Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugi-neus (Olivier) in Response to some Olfactory Stimulants
A.
Abdel Kareim
A.
Rashed
A.
Mohamed
F.
Ahmed
Seasonal activity of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus adults had been studied during two successive years (2014 and 2015) in date palm orchards located at Mashtoul el- Souq district, Sharkia Governorate by using traps baited with different olfactory stimulants (aggregation pheromone, kairomone (Acetyl acetate) and their mixture). Red palm weevil population exhibited the highest activity in response to pheromone mixed with kairomone followed by pheromone alone with no significant between them in comparison with kairomone alone. Pheromone mixed with kairomone attracted the highest numbers of R. ferrugineus in the 1st and 2nd years (1.3 ± 1.1 and 1.6 ± 1.1 individuals/trap/week, respectively) followed by pheromone alone (1.2±0.9 and 1.3 ± 1.1 individuals/trap/week, respectively) with no significant difference, while, kairomone traps was less significant preferred (lured 0.1 ± 0.2 and 0.24 ± 0.2 individuals/trap/week, in the first and second years, respectively). R. ferrugineus population exhibited 3-4 peaks of abundance, and the highest occurrence was during July - August in both years of study. The efficiency of pheromone traps contained date fruits were significantly increased in comparison with traps without fruits. However combination of pheromone + kairomone + food bait recorded significantly higher mean cumulative RPW capture with 14.3, 19.5, 23.5 and 27.7 % of total capture of weevils in traps contained 02., 0.4, 0.7 and 1 kilogram of date fruit respectively. In the second year, these percent was 13.2, 15.0, 17.8, 23.9 and 24.6%, respectively. It could be concluded that co-attractants based on fermenting date fruits (0.7 Kg./trap) and ethyl acetate, are able to improve the attractant level of ferrugineol.
2018
07
01
387
392
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42179_fb42d1df73c554f496fc23951b347c61.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Seasonal Activity, Natural Enemies and Life Table Parameters of Cryptoblabes gnidiella Mill. on Mango Inflorescences
A.
Abdel Kareim
M.
Ragab
N.
Ghanim
Samira
Abd El-Salam
The population density of the honeydew moth (HM), Cryptoblabes gnidiella Mill. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its associated natural enemies was estimated in neglected (without chemical control treatments) orchard cultivated with mango trees (Mangifera indica L.), located at Shirben district, Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. The obtained results showed that this pest was recorded only at the height of 2.5±0.5 meters and was not at the height of 5.5±0.5 meters from the ground. The population of C. gnidiella had three peaks of abundance annually. During the two seasons of study, the anthocorid predator, Orius sp. was mainly associated with C. gnidiella population. In addition, an endo-parasitoid species was firstly observed on C. gnidiella larvae, namely, Tachina larvarum (Order: Diptera, Family: Tachinidae).Orius sp. exhibited three peaks of seasonal abundance annually. The total number of collected predator showed high significantly positive correlation with the average population density of the prey in the first and second years (r = 0.51** and 0.63**). The population of T. larvarum exhibited four peaks of abundance annually. The percentage of parasitism all over the season averaged 13.2±3.2 and 14.3±5.01% during 2016 and 2017, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that there were significant positive correlations between populations of C. gnidiella and its parasitoid during the first (r = 0.65**) and second (r = 0.79**) seasons. Life and fertility tables of C. gnidiella reared on mango inflorescences were conducted under laboratory conditions. The developmental time of the egg, larvae and pupal stages lasted 4.1±1.8, 14.4±0.6 and 10.7±0.9 days respectively. The generation time, the net reproductive rate (RO) and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) were 35.97 days, 29.03 females/female and 0.04 female/female/ generation.
2018
07
01
393
397
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42181_42cb120a874424b45dd98e2ffa34627d.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Management of Crown and Root Rot Diseases in Strawberry Commercial Fields in Egypt
H.
El-Marzoky
M.
Abdalla
M.
Abdel-Sattar
M.
Abid
Surveyed strawberry fields at three different districts (Abo Swar, EL-Kassasin and El-Manayef) in Ismailia Governorate during 2014 -2016 growing seasons showed that 13 fungal species belonging to 13 genera were isolated from infected roots, runners and crowns segments of strawberry plants. The most frequent isolated fungi were; Macrophomina phaseolina (53.33%) and Colletotrichum acutatum (33.33%). These two pathogenic fungi were used in this study. Biological and chemical control experiments were conducted and significant differences in diseases incidence (DI%) and disease severity (DS%) were found among treatments of bioagents and chemical fungicides compared with control treatments. DI and DS percentages reached 0% when Bacillus subtilis or Rizolex were applied in plots of artificial infested soil with M. phaseolina and C. acutatum. Trichoderma harzianum occupied the second rank after B. subtilis, Rizolex (15 and 7.4% for DI) for M. phaseolina , (10 and 6.5% for DS)for C. acutatum, T. viride (16 and 16% for DI), (26 and 11% for DS) and Streptomyces canescens (20 and 21% for DI), (25 and 26% for DS), respectively. Moreover; Rizolex gave best results in pathogens control more than Topsin-M fungicide. In field experiment; the effect of soil disinfection using three treatments; two fumigants (Methyl bromide and Agrocelhone) and solar heating solarization applied on two strawberry cultivars (Festival and N-70) during 2015 and 2016 seasons were studied. Soil fumigation with Agrocelhone™ compound and Methyl bromide (MB) led to the best results for soil disinfection on both Festival and N70Strawberry cultivars during two seasons. Percentage DI and DS of crown and root rot diseases occurred were (9.4, 9.0%) and (8.4, 7.5%) for both cultivars, respectively in 2015 it was very low (2.9, 3.0%) and (2.5 and 3.0%); respectively when applied again in 2016.
strawberry
Crown and Root Rot
Colletotrichum acutatum and Macrophomina phaseolina
Bioagents
Solar Heating Solarization
Soil Fumigation
Methyl bromide
2018
07
01
399
404
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42184_52688b4311415a60643b6840162e6eae.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Impact of Plant Oils, Biocontrol Agents and Oxamyl on Galling and Reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Pepper Cultivars
R.
El-Ashry
A.
El- Deeb
El- A.
Marzoky
A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the nematicidal activity of two biopesticides (Nema k & Nema clean), two plant oils (Inula viscosa & Azadirachata indica) and two entomopathogenic nematodes, (EPNs) i.e. Steinernema feltiae andHeterorhabditis bacteriophora) compared to chemical nematicide, oxamyl on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting three cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Biopesticides were applied at the rate of 0.4 ml /plant whereas, the plant oils were tested at the concentration of 400 µL\plant. EPNs were accomplished simultaneously with inoculation of M. incognita as a liquid suspension of alive infective juveniles (IJs) at rate of 5000 IJs/plant in sandy soil. Oxamyl at recommended rate of 0.2 ml/plant. Control treatments received only water and M. incognita at rate of 1000 IJs/plant. Two months after application, galling (as indicated by number of galls/plant) and reproduction (as indicated by number of egg masses /plant) as well as damage (as indicated by fresh and dry weight of areal parts) were assessed. Data showed that, oxamyl treatment surpassed all other treatments in minifying galling and reproduction of M. incognita in sandy soil. From all tested materials, oxamyl, biopesticides and EPNs were the most effective in suppressing root galling and number of egg masses of M. incognita infecting pepper cultivars. On contrarily, plant oils were the least effective ones. Maximum percentages of reduction were recorded on cultivar 1515 when plants were treated with oxamyl (92.17&79.47%) followed by S. feltiae (90.21& 70.19%) and biopesticide, Nema clean (89.34 & 68.86%). On the other hand, statistically oxamyl was the first tested material in declining number of infective juveniles of M. incognita on three peppers cultivars. The curative application with oxamyl and Nema clean (Serratia marcescens) achieved the highest percentage increase in fresh (47.11 & 41.33) and dry (16.59 & 16.67) shoot weight, respectively. Next to oxamyl, entomopathogenic nematodes (S. feltiae) showed better performance in diminishing number of galls and egg masses of M. incognita infecting pepper cv. Lama than did on cv. Rima. However, the maximum percentages of increase in fresh and dry shoot weights of pepper were recorded on cv. Lama in pots receiving oxamyl (11.48 & 32.70%) and Nema clean (9.47& 27.50%).
control
Meloidogyne incognita
Oxamyl
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora
Steinernema feltiae
biopesticides
pepper
2018
07
01
405
410
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42804_bfb6128cf5ffe2110186212199c867aa.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Efficiency of Colored Sticky Traps on the Population of Certain Sap-Sucking Insects on Cucumber Plants in Greenhouses
A.
Badran
Mona
Ammar
E.
Mousa
Experiments were conducted in the experimental Horticulture Research Station at Qaha, Qalubiya governorate under greenhouse conditions during two successive seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018). The study aims to evaluate some pest control methods on cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. and their effect on total yield. Population density of Bemisia tabaci (Geen.), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley determined on cucumber plants. Blue and yellow sticky traps were settled in first greenhouse in rate of 13 traps (10 blue and 3 yellow). The second greenhouse was treated in foliar spray by (closer SC24% “Sulfoxaflor” at 10cm3 /20L plus 13 traps (10 blue and 3 yellow). The third greenhouse without treatments (untreated). Results indicated that, the activity period of B. tabaci, F. occidentalis and P. solenopsis on cucumber plants during both seasons was expressed by two and three peaks. The effects of different treatments of pest control methods (traps, pesticides + traps) were high significantly in reducing pests` population and increase yield. Where, in untreated plots, B. tabaci, F. occidentalis and P. solenopsis were responsible for 98% and 99%, reduction in yield respectively. Maximum and minimum temperature were showed that significant negative effect on the population in first season conversely, in the second season cleared significant positive on B. tabaci, F. occidentalis and P. solenopsis population. The relative humidity had significant positive effect on first season however in the second season found insignificant. The combined effect (E.V) of these ecological factors on B. tabaci, F. occidentalis and P. solenopsis showed that these factors were responsible as a group for 94 %, 90 %, 92 during 2016-2017 and 98, 98, 99 during 2017-2018 effects on the population density of insects throughout both seasons, respectively. The obtained results revealed that, the treatment of pesticide with traps (yellow and blue) reduced effectively population of whitefly, thrips and mealy bugs and increase the yield during the two seasons of the study.
(cucumber
Cucumis sativus L.)
population density
Bemisia tabaci (Genn.)
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)
Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley
TRAP
Pesticides
Maximum temperature
minimum temperature
and relative humidity
2018
07
01
411
415
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42807_c6d3cc61f07f6d4f5fe2b51039537d9f.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
The Most Economic Lepidopterous Pests Attacking Vegetable Crops in Egypt
A.
Rahouma
In this work there about 25 lepidopterous pest species belonging to seven families that recorded in Egypt and throughout the world as moderate or serious pests on vegetables and other crops of economic importance. The correct insect scientific names and the common names of the studied speen have been corrected and newly confirmed and updated. Host plant and distribution have been achieved.
2018
07
01
417
421
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42811_a6f9b5d5c93d26fccfb0dafc3ff83e64.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Epidemiology and Survival of Macrophomina phaseolina and Colletotrichum acutatum, the Causal Organisms of Strawberry Crown and Root Rot Diseases in Egypt
M.
Elaidey
M.
Abdet-Sattar
Hanan
El-Marzoky
M.
Abid
Soil-borne fungi of strawberry are distributed and infected the plants under different soils moisture,. High incidence of crown rots of strawberries caused by Macrophomina phaseolina and Colletotrichum acutatum has been observed and isolated in major strawberry production districts in Ismailia Governorate. Pathogenicity test and susceptibility of different strawberry cultivars were done. Two fungiunder study were proved.Both fungi were found as virulent pathogens and caused pathogenic effect to different tested strawberry cultivars in vivo.Festival was the most susceptible cv. followed by N-70 and Gavuta cvs. However, Camarosa cv. was the lowest susceptible to C. acutatum while the other cultivars (Sweet Charlie and Fortuna) were similar and showed moderate susceptibility to foliar inoculation with the pathogens ,respectively.Colletotrichum acutatum was less virulent than M. phaseolina either in disease incidence (DI%) or disease severity (DS%).Studying the host range of the two pathogens revealed that cotton, sesame, soybean, water melon and sunflower showed positive reactions and respond to the artificial inoculation with M. phaseolina (the causal of charcoal rot disease) with percentages of disease incidence ranged from 50 - 80% , respectively. On the other hand,all the testedelevin hosts showed negative response without any disease symptoms when it artificially inoculated with C. acutatum. Survival of both M. phaseolina and C. acutatum inocula buried in depths of 0.0, 5, 10 and 15 cm in field soil were recovered and keep its viabilitytill 120 days sthenstarted to decrease as it reached 60and80% after180days for the two pathogens under study, respectively.
Soil-borne fungi
Strawberry crown and root rots
Colletotrichum acutatum
Macrophomina phaseolina- Disease incidence (DI%)
Disease severity (DS%)
in vivo
Strawberry cultivars
2018
07
01
423
427
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42814_49dca2597fd0834114c174e64dad14a7.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Influence of Mineral and Organic Fertilizers on Rice Kernel Smut Disease
Zeinab
Kalboush
A.
Ghoneim
A.
Hassan
Disease resistance of rice plant is mainly genetically controlled but has a close association with the soil fertility status of the plants or pathogens; and thus, nutrient management has always been an important regulator for rice plant diseases. There is a dynamic interrelation between the soil fertility of rice plants with pathogen and abiotic environment, and hence, proper management of nutrients in cultivated rice crop can effectively reduce the severity of most diseases. Therefore, the current research is aimed to investigate the effects of mineral and organic fertizers of kernel smut incidence disease on the Giza 178 rice cultiver. Laboratory and field experiments were carried out at Rice Research & Training Center (RRTC) during 2016 and 2017 grwoing seasons. Kernel smut disease, caused by Tilletia barclayana was isolated and identificated in this study. Pathogenicity test was carried out on Giza 171, the most sensitive rice cultivar. While Giza 178 was used to field evaluated. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) experiment with three replicates was used. Farm yard manure (FYM), compost and different P, K and Zn combinations (total 15 treatments) with and without urea application were used. Chlorophyll content, leaf area, total protein, total carbohydrate, rice grain yield, disease assessment, plant analysis for total N, P, K and Zn were estimated. The results indicated that, the highest N% content was obtained from FYM+Zn and P+compost combination. There were significant differences between FYM, composts and mineral fertilizer application with and without urea on rice disease incidence. Also, chlorophyll content, leaf area and grain yield were significantally affected by applying mineral and organic fertilizer with and without urea application. The hulling% and milling% decreased by increasing the disease severity. The infection % of Giza 178 rice cultivar without urea application ranged from 6.5% to 10.20% in 2016 and 2017 seasons, respectively , while with application of urea increased the infection% to the range from 21.75% to 24.50% in the same seasons.
Kernel smut incidence
rice yield
Organic fertilizer
mineral fertilzer
2018
07
01
431
440
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42816_76776409aad47be7d815d83bb82deab6.pdf
Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology
2090-3677
2090-3677
2018
9
7
Side Effects of Seven Fungicides on Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm Infesting Tomato Plants
A.
Rahouma
R.
El-Kholy
The side effects of seven commercial fungicides used on tomato plants to control early blight disease on Egyptian cotton leafworm (ECLW) were studied. In greenhouse, the fungicides were sprayed on tomato plants at the same rate of the recommended rate by MoA for controlling early blight disease. Feeding rate, survival, larval and pupal growth and development to adult stage were recorded under laboratory conditions. Also, the effect of these fungicides on first generation was evaluated. The data clearly indicated that all these treatments significantly reduced the feeding of 4th instar larvae when fed for 24h on treated leaves with the tested fungicides. Also, reduced larval weight and increased larval duration (days). Also, reduced pupation % and pupal weight (mg) and increased pupal duration. No effect on fecundity but these fungicides reduced the number of eggs per female. These treatments reduced the longevity of male and female and finally these fungicides affect the first generation of this insect. These fungicides exhibited antifeeding properties and affect the growth and development of this insect.
ECLW- fungicides
side effects
biological aspects
Spodoptera littoralis
toxicity
Tomato
2018
07
01
441
445
https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_42818_82327f98199af26cae68676330eddf4f.pdf