Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON LEPIDOPTEROUS STEM BORERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MAIN GRAMINACEOUS WEEDS AND CROPS AT KAFR EL-SHEIKH REGION3193308672710.21608/jppp.2010.86727ENM. M.MetwallyBiological Control Dept. Agric. Research Center, Plant Protection Institute, Sakha, Egypt.Journal Article20200503The present investigation was carried out at Kafr El-Sheikh region during 2008 and 2009 to survey lepidopterous stem borers on the main graminaceous weeds as well as on the botanically-related economic crops. Graminaceous weeds were found to harbor several lepidopterous stem borers at Kafr El-Sheikh region. Common reed (<em>Phragmites australis</em> Trin), harbored <em>Sesamia nonagrioides </em>Lef., <em>Mythimna crenulata </em>Hampson., and <em>Chilo luteellus </em>Mosts., Torpido grass, (<em>Echinochloa stagninum </em>Beauv.), harbored <em>Sesamia wiltshirei </em>Rungs and <em>Chilo agamemnon </em>Bles., while mat sedge (<em>Cyperus alopercoides </em>Rottb.), harbored <em>Eldana saccharina </em>Walk.
During the course of the current study three stem borers (<em>Sesamia cretica </em>Led., <em>Chilo agamemnon </em>Bles. and <em>Ostrinia nubilalis </em>Hubn.) were recorded on the main graminaceous crops; sugarcane, rice and maize. These borers hibernated from November to April and were active during other months of the year.
Lepidopterous stem borers can be placed in three categories according to time of dormancy: 1- Borers active all the year round and has no dormancy, <em>e.g. S. nonagrioides</em>, 2-Borers which aestivate in summer, <em>e.g., M. crenulate </em>and <em>S. wiltshiere </em>and 3-Borers which hibernate in winter, <em>e.g., C. agamemnon, C. luteellus, S. cretica, E. saccharina </em>and <em>O. nubilalis</em>.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86727_e14c9a03a5f8f767a99c2594c3da7878.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601ENTOMOPATHOGENICITY OF Beauveria bassiana (BALS.) VUILLEMIN TO CERTAIN LARVAL INSTARS OF THREE CORN BORERS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS3313398672810.21608/jppp.2010.86728ENM. M.MetwallyBiological Control Dept. Agric. Research Center, Plant Protection Institute, Sakha, Egypt.Journal Article20200503Laboratory experiments were conducted in 2008 at biological control department, plant protection research institute Sakha Kafr El-Sheikh station to study the efficacy of the fungus <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> (Bals.). An isolate collected from <em>Sesamia cretica</em> larvae in Kafr El-Sheikh region and cultured on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) at 25 °C spore suspensions at concentrations of 1x10<sup>7</sup>, 2.5x10<sup>7</sup>, 5x10<sup>7</sup>, 7.5x10<sup>7</sup> and 1x10<sup>8</sup> spore/ml were prepared in distilled water containing 0.1% Tween 80. The larvae were individually treated by dipping method in the fungus suspension and bioassayed against the third larval instar of each species,<em> Ostrinia nubilalis</em> (Hbn.), <em>Sesamia cretica</em> (Led.) and <em>Chilo agamemnon </em>(Bles.) incubated at 25<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>1°C and 75<span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span>5 % RH). All tested concentrations induced different mortalities. For <em>O. nubilalis</em> L<sub>3</sub>, mortality ranged between 5-100 % was reached at 4-10 days with the all tested concentrations LC<sub>50</sub> value was 1.2127x10<sup>7</sup> after 12 days while LC<sub>90</sub> reached 9.7625x10<sup>7</sup> spore/ml, respectively, meanwhile LT<sub>50</sub> values reached 12.7, 10.5, 8.6, 8.2 and 7.6 days with the tested concentrations of 1x10<sup>7</sup>, 2.5x10<sup>7</sup>, 5x10<sup>7</sup>, 7.5x10<sup>7</sup> and 1x10<sup>8</sup> spore/ml, respectively. As for <em>S. cretica</em> L<sub>3</sub>, the highest mortality (75-90%) was achieved at 12-14 days post treatment. LC<sub>50</sub> value was 8.5037x10<sup>7</sup> while LC<sub>90</sub> was 15.05x10<sup>7</sup> spore/ml at the same mentioned period meanwhile, LT<sub>50</sub> values reached 17.4, 14.8, 11.0, 10.7 and 8.5 days by all tested concentrations.
In case of <em>C. agamemnon </em>L<sub>3</sub> the highest mortality reached 80-90 % after 12-14 days of treatment.
LC<sub>50</sub> value was 1.5884x10<sup>7</sup>, while LC<sub>90</sub> was 9.8329x10<sup>7</sup> spore/ml., at 14 days post treatment, LT<sub>50</sub> values were 15.5, 11.8, 8.8, 8.6 and 8.1 days for the concentrations of 1x10<sup>7</sup>, 2.5x10<sup>7</sup>, 5x10<sup>7</sup>, 7.5x10<sup>7</sup> and 1x10<sup>8</sup> spore/ml, respectively.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86728_8cd806cbc0d56a34bd6dace77d05c356.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PREDATOR Clitostethus arcuatus (ROSSI) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) AS A PREDATOR OF POMEGRANATE WHITELY, Siphoninus phillyreae (HOLIDAY) (HOMOPTERA: ALERODIDAE)3413488672910.21608/jppp.2010.86729ENS. S.AwadallaEconomic Entomology Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ.Hala A.El-SyrafiEconomic Entomology Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ.M. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Dokki, GizaAmany A.KhalifaPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Dokki, GizaJournal Article20200503The present work was carried out to study the population abundance, biology and efficiency of the coccinellid predator <em>Clitostethus arcuatus</em> (Rossi) when fed on pomegranate-whitefly, <em>Siphoninus phillyreae</em> (Haliday) at Kafr El-Sheikh region during two successive seasons 2006 and 2007. <em>S. phillyreae</em> and its related predator <em>C. arcuatus </em>appeared together during May to June. The period from August through October considerable of the pest and its related predator <em>C. arcuatus.</em> Duration of the first, second, third, fourth larval instars and prepupae of the predator averaged were 1.2, 2.2, 2.6, 2.8 and 1.1 days, respectively. The total larval period, pupal stage at total developmental period averaged 3.6, 9.9 and 17.8 days, respectively. Adults, male and female averaged 69.2 and 103.1days, respectively. <em>C. arcuatus</em> larval consumed an average total number of 319.8 eggs. The adults male and female consumed an average number of 4237.6 and 5486.6 of <em>S. phillyreae</em> eggs, respectively.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86729_1bee8a8d99ed10c1ebc18788735e0db4.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601COMPARATIVE LIFE TABLE STATISTICS OF Exochomus Nigromaculatus (GOEZE) REARED ON THE PINK MEALYBUG, Maconellicoccus Hirsutus (GREEN), FED ON FOUR HOST PLANTS.3493558673010.21608/jppp.2010.86730ENL. M.ShanabEconomic Entomology Department, Fac. of Agric., Mansoura UniversityM. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Ministry of AgricultureSanaa A. M.AbdEl-MageedPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Research Center, Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20200503Studies on the life and fertility tables of the coccinellid predator, <em>Exochomus nigromaculatus </em>(Gose). were conducted to estimate some of its biological aspects on four different host plants (hibiscus, Sprouted potatoes, Grape and Japanese pumpkins <em>Cucurbita mostchata </em>Duchesne) infested with hibiscus mealybug, <em>Maconellicoccus hirsutus</em> (Green).
The stage duration, survival rate, the net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of natural increase were examined. The developmental periods were significantly affected by host plant. The mean duration of the larval stage on Grape, Japanese pumpkins, hibiscus and Sprouted potatoes, were 14.60±0.94, 14.78±1.11, 15.05±0.71 and 17.14±0.94 days, respectively. The total developmental timeof immature stages lasted 29.11±1.1, 29.89±1.13, 30.70±1.03 and 32.27±1.2 days on hibiscus, pumpkin, grape and potatoes, respectively.
The stage specific survival of life table data indicated that the mortality factor operated mainly during larval stage. The highest larval survival of 76.63±5.77% was recorded on potatoes followed by 68.9 ± 1.91% on hibiscus and 67.8±1.91 ± 5.1 % on grape; while the least (66.7±10 %) occurred on pumpkin.
The fertility of<em> E. nigromaculatus</em> females was relatively high on hibiscus followed by potatoes, pumpkin and grape. The net reproductive rate was 30.37 ± 3.85, 29.18 ± 7.7, 28.94 ± 4.73 and 25.27±6.3 females/ female, respectively, while, the intrinsic rate of increase (r<sub>m</sub>) was 0.081 ± 0.02, 0.076 ± 0.01, 0.071± 0.01 and 0.068 ± 0.01 females/ female/ day, on pumpkin, hibiscus, grape and potatoes, respectively. The generation time lasted 49.4±6.6, 45.9±4.1, 45.6±4.0, and 43.42 ± 9.9 days, respectively.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86730_e946c7ee7c267c366a6232bcf6dd317a.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601EVALUATION OF RELEASE Coccinella undecimpunctata L. FOR CONTROLLING CERTAIN PIERCING-SUCKING INSECTS INFESTING COTTON FIELDS AT MANZALA DISTRICT, DAKHLIA GOVERNORATE3573688673110.21608/jppp.2010.86731ENA. A.GhanimEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.A. H.Abdel-SalamEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.S. A.EmaraPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.R. M.RadwanPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200503Field experiments were carried out in cotton felids at Manzala district, Dakhlia Governorate during two successively seasons 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the release of <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> for controlling certain piercing-sucking insects infesting cotton fields. The obtained results in untreated area revealed that were four peaks for the piercing-sucking insects in cotton fields during the two seasons of study at Manzala district. The predator prey ratio in this area was 4.56, in 2008 season, while it was 4.64 in 2009 season at the beginning of study, then these ratios increased gradually and reached their maximum 1: 19.6 in 2008 and 1: 16.78 in 2009. In the treated area with <em>C.</em> <em>undecimpuctata</em> the ratio exceeded the critical ratio (1: 10) in the following dates: the third week of June, in third week of July, in the second week of August and in the end of August during 2008 season. The number of this coccinellid predator needed to justify the ratio were 2500, 2000, 2000 and 2500 individuals, in the four dates of releasing respectively. While the predator prey ratio exceeded the critical ratio (1:10) in the following dates: in the second week of June, in the first week of July, in the first week of August and the end of August during 2009 season. The number needed from this predator to justify the ratio were two thousands individuals in the<br /> four dates of releasing respectively. The results showed clearly the possibility of using <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> as a biological control agent against the piercing-sucking insect in cotton crop. https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86731_93e6946156162832e468b838bc1d8f49.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601EVALUATION THE RELEASE OF Trichogramma evanescens WEST. FOR CONTROLLING Pectinophora gossypiella (SAUND.) AND Earias insulana (BOISD.) IN COTTON FIELDS AT MANZALA DISTRICT, DAKHLIA GOVERNORATE3693758673210.21608/jppp.2010.86732ENA. A.GhanimEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.A. H.Abdel-SalamEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.S. A.EmaraPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.R. M.RadwanPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200503Field experiments were carried out at Manzala district, Dakahlia Governorate during two successively seasons (2008 and 2009) to evaluate the release of egg parasitoid <em>Trichogramma evanescens</em> West. For controlling pink bollworm <em>Pectinophora gossypiella</em> ( Saund) and Spiny bollworm <em>Earias insulana</em> (Boisd) in cotton field. The results showed that the average percentages of infestation by pink and spiny bollworms throughout the whole 2008 season were 2.9% and 5.4% in <em>Trichogramma</em> release area and insecticides treated area respectively. In the second season of study the average percentages of infestation by pink and spiny bollworms throughout the whole season were 2.3% and 5.3% in <em>Trichogramma</em> release area and insecticides treated area respectively. The results revealed that, the average percentages reduction of infestation by the two insect pest were 53.91% in 2008 season and 56.88% in 2009 season. These percentages reduction were achieved due to <em>T. evanescens</em> release. The present results revealed that <em>T. evanescens</em> is a good tool for controlling pink and spiny bollworms in cotton fields.
<strong> </strong>https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86732_d433cd5c6a233a9bb68ee4dcadab169e.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601INFLUENCE OF HOST PLANT SPECIES ON THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF Quadraspidiotus perniciosus COMSTOCK3773848673310.21608/jppp.2010.86733ENA. I.Abd El-KareimEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Mansoura UniversityE. A.ElwanPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of AgricultureNaglaa M.YousefPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20200503The population dynamics of <em>Quadraspidiotus perniciosus</em> Comstock was studied on three host plants (apple, plum and pear). It proved that host plant was an important factor. Changes in the developmental period from settling crawlers to newly adult female ranged 28.4 – 34.8 days on apple , 32.6 – 43.9 days on pear and 30.1 – 39.7 days on plum trees.<br /> The construction of life table for <em>Q. perniciosus</em> indicated that the total mortality from settling crawlers to the reproducing stage was considerably fluctuating between host plants and generations. On twigs of apple, plum and pear, it ranged 73.1 – 87.8, 81.5 – 87.6 and 86.0 – 96.4%, respectively. This value was extremely high (87.8, 87.6 and 96.4%) in the 4<sup>th</sup> generation (winter generation) on apple, plum and pear, respectively.<br /> Analysis of the stage specific mortality of life table indicated that mortality of 2<sup>nd</sup> instar female is the Key-stage specific mortality, which can induce population changes in comparison with other specific stage mortalities.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86733_26b2049801adb7924e6303b93626db1f.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601LIFE AND FERTILITY TABLES OF SAN JOSE SCALE, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus COMSTOCK ON DIFFERENT HOST PLANTS3853918673410.21608/jppp.2010.86734ENA. I.Abd El-KareimEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura UniversityE. A.ElwanPlant Protection Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of AgricultureNaglaa M.YousefPlant Protection Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20200503Investigations of life and fertility tables of San Jose Scale (SJS), <em>Quadraspidiotus perniciosus </em> Comstock were conducted to study some of its biological aspects on different host plants (apple, plum and pear).
The stage duration, mortality percentage, the net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of natural increase were examined. The developmental periods were significantly affected by host plant. The mean duration of the first instar nymph on apple, plum and pear seedlings were 15.8±1.0, 17.5±0.9 and 18.2±0.9 days, respectively. The 2<sup>nd</sup> instar female lasted by 18.4±1.5, 19.5±1.8 and 21.7±1.2 days; while the 2<sup>nd</sup> instar male lased 12.2±0.6, 13.4±0.5 and 14.1±0.7 days, respectively. The duration of prepupal and pupal stages reared on apple, plum and pear seedlings lasted 7.5±0.9, 6.3±1.2 and 6.5±0.8 days, respectively.
The stage specific mortality of life table data indicated that the death factors operated mainly during first and second instar nymph. The fertility of <em>Q. perniciosus</em> females was relatively high on pear followed by plum and apple.
The net reproductive rate was 21.7, 29.5 and 30.9 females/ female on apple, plum and pear, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r<sub>m</sub>) was 0.043, 0.049 and 0.051 females/ female/ day, respectively. In the same order, the time of generation was 71.7, 69.4 and 67.7 days, respectively.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86734_cbcaa3902b3d78f799d1bd8b57718c7d.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601BIOLOGICAL AND LIFE TABLE PARAMETERS OF Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) REARED ON Tetranychus urticae Koch.3934028673510.21608/jppp.2010.86735ENA. H.Abdel-SalamEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Mansoura 35516, EgyptA. AGhanimEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptHala A. K.El-SerafiEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptM. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, EgyptFatma M.SalehPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200503Developmental time and rate of immature stages, growth index, survival percentage, longevity, fecundity, and life table parameters of <em>Stethorus gilvifrons </em>(Muls.) when reared on <em>Tetranychus urticae </em>Kochwere studied at three constant temperatures (20, 25, and 30<sup>o</sup>C).
There were significant variations in total developmental time of immature stages of the predator (male and female) among the three tested temperatures when the predator was reared on <em>T. urticae</em>. Growth index and developmental rate of <em>S. gilvifrons</em>males and females were higher at 30<sup>o</sup>C than 20 and 25<sup>o</sup>C when reared on the tetranychid mite.
There were significant differences in pre-oviposition period among the three tested temperatures. In addition, there were significant variations among inter-oviposition, oviposition, and total longevity when the predator was reared at the three tested temperatures. Male longevity was significantly shorter at 30<sup>o</sup>C than at 20 and 25<sup>o</sup>C when fed on <em>T. urticae</em>. Fecundity rate was significantly higher at 30<sup>o</sup>C than at 20 and 25<sup>o</sup>C when fed on <em>T. urticae</em>. The mean generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were shorter at 30<sup>o</sup>C than at 20 and 25<sup>o</sup>C which fed on <em>T. urticae</em> at 30 <sup>o</sup>C. Generally, the value of gross reproductive rate (GRR), the net reproduction rate (<em>R<sub>o</sub></em>), the intrinsic rate of increase (<em>r<sub>m</sub></em>), the finite rate of increase (<em>λ</em>) were higher at 30<sup>o</sup>C than at 20<sup>o</sup>C and 25<sup>o</sup>C. https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86735_88fbf600748c2485c2e8c84af25b5d79.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601RELEASE OF Stethorus gilvifrons (MULS.) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) AS A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT OF THE TWO-SPOTTED RED SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus urticae KOCH ON SOYBEAN PLANTATIONS UNDER FIELD CAGE CONDITIONS.4054138673810.21608/jppp.2010.86738ENA. H.Abdel-SalamEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Mansoura 35516, EgyptA. A.GhanimEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptHala A. K.El-SerafiEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptM. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, EgyptFatma M.SalehPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200503This study was outlined to declare the effect of releases of <em>Stethorus gilvifrons</em> (Muls.) adults at different predator: prey ratios (P: p) to control the two-spotted red spider mite, <em>Tetranychus</em> <em>urticae</em> Koch on soybean plants under field cage conditions during summer season of 2007.
Effective control of <em>T. urticae</em> was gained after nine day from introducing the adult of the coccinellid predator when the P: p ratio was 1:10 or 1:20. Meanwhile at higher ratios (1:40 and 1: 50), the two-spotted red spider mite numbers were decreased after 12 days from the release.
The numbers of the two-spotted red spider mite were decreased by 85 and 79.75% at 1:10 and 1:20 P: p ratios, respectively when adults of the coccinelld released. The number of the two-spotted red spider mite remained zero for a period of 12 days after the release. At the predator: prey ratio of 1:40, the reduction percentage of the two-spotted red spider mite was 10.13 and 40.37% after one and three days. Whereas, at the higher ratios 1:50 the reduction percentage was 8.5 and 32.0, 51.4, 67.2 and 86.70% after one , three, six, nine and 12 days from the release, respectively. After nine days from release P: p of 1:10, 1:20, 1:30, 1:40 and 1:50, the reduction percentage was 85.0, 79.75, 76.87, 76.33 and 67.20 %. After 12 days where as the reduction percentages were 100,100, 92.33, 91.75 and 86.7, respectively. The reduction rate was increased with lower P: p ratios and vice versahttps://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86738_587783b73c8023babdfb8ca2f118ab5b.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS AND LEVELS OF THE POMEGRANATE TREES ON THE WHITEFLY Siphoninus phillyreae (HAL.) AND ITS PARASITOID Encarsia inaron (WALK.) AT KAFER EL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE, EGYPT4154248673910.21608/jppp.2010.86739ENS. S.AwadallaEconomic Entomology Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ.Hala A.El-SyrafiEconomic Entomology Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura Univ.M. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Dokki, GizaAmany A.KhalifaPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric. Research Center, Dokki, GizaJournal Article20200503Population abundance of the pomegranate whitefly, <em>Siphoninus phillyreae</em> (Haliday) larvae and pupae, the rate of parasitism were studied on pomegranate trees at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2006 and 2007 seasons. Results indicated that the highest abundance of <em>S. phillyreae</em> larvae and pupae were recorded during August through October in the two season. <em>Encarsia inaron</em> was only the parasitoid emerged from <em>S. phillyreae</em> larvae and pupae during the two successive seasons (2006 and 2007). Highest rate of parasitism occurred in October 48.6% on south direction 2006 season. The overall mean of parasitism on north, south east and west during 2006 were 18.9, 19.9, 12.4 and 15.4% respectively, these rates in 2007 season, were 17.8, 18.5, 15.3 and 19.4% respectively. As for the level, the lower level received the most of larvae and pupae of the pest and their parasitoid. The highest rate of parasitism occurred in October and reached 50.7% on lower level. The overall mean of parasitism was 3.3, 15.7 and 36.1% on upper, middle and lower levels of pomegranate trees during 2006 season, while in 2007 these percentages were 2.1, 16.3 and 34.2% respectively.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86739_63405116858267c95a88f1960ebbfbfd.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601INFLUENCE OF HOST PLANT ON LIFE AND FERTILITY TABLES FOR Scymnus coccivora AYYAR.4254328674010.21608/jppp.2010.86740ENL. M.ShanabEconomic Entomology Dept., Fact. Agric., Mans. Univ.M. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of AgricultureSanaa A. M.Abd El - MageedPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20200503Studies on the life and fertility tables of the coccinellid predator, <em>Scymnus coccivora</em> Ayyar<strong>.</strong> were conducted to estimate some of its biological aspects on four different host plants (hibiscus, Sprouted potatoes, Grape and Japanese pumpkins) infested with hibiscus mealybug, <em>Maconellicoccus hirsutus</em> (Green).
The stage duration, survival rate, the net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of natural increase were examined. The developmental periods were significantly affected by host plant. The mean duration of the larval stage on hibiscus, Sprouted potatoes, Grape and Japanese pumpkins were 10.51, 11.65, 11.82 and 11.86 days, respectively. The total developmental period of immature stages lasted by 19.88, 21.6, 21.9 and 20.28, respectively.
The stage specific survival of life table data indicated that the mortality factor operated mainly during larval stage. The highest larval survival of 78.9 ± 7.0% was recorded on potatoes followed by 73.8 ± 12.0% on pumpkin and 64.4 ± 5.1 % on hibiscus; while the least (61.1 ± 3.8 %) occurred on grape.
The fertility of <em>S. coccivora</em>females was relatively high on potatoes followed by hibiscus, grape and pumpkin. The net reproductive rate was 47.81 ± 17.09, 35.84 ± 2.76, 22,70 ± 4.64 and 22.55±4.53 females/ female, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r<sub>m</sub>) was 0.097 ± 0.005, 0.088 ± 0.015, 0.083 ± 0.005and 0.082 ± 0.006 females/ female/ day, on potatoes, hibiscus, grape and pumpkin, respectively. In the same order, the time of generation was 39.39 ±3.25, 41.32 ± 6.35 37.69 ± 2.49 and 38.06 ± 5.10 days, respectively.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86740_2ad120a74b72a45b153c93ededde9be2.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601PROTECTION OF CERTAIN AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES FROM INSECT INFESTATION USING OZONE4354488674110.21608/jppp.2010.86741ENR. A. A.IbrahimEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelshiekh University, EgyptS. S.AlahmadiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwara, P.O. 30002 , Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20200503Three agricultural commodities namely, broad bean, cowpea and wheat flour were tested for their insect infestation by using ozone as disinfectant. The treated insect species were the bruchid beetles <em>Callosobruchus chinensis, Bruchidius incarnates</em> and the flour beetles, <em>Tribolium</em> spp. Obtained data showed that ozone concentration of 5 ppm delivered for one hour does not cause any harmful effect to larvae and adults of all tested insect pests<em>.</em>
For <em>C. chinensis</em>, at 10 ppm, adults were still resistant although larval mortality reached 6.0 %. With elevation of ozone concentration, there was a gradual increase in mortality percentage reaching, at 100 ppm, 100 and 96.6% for larvae and adults, respectively. In case of <em>B. incarnates,</em> the adults were also still resistant at 20 ppm, and recorded 4.0 % mortality while larval mortality reached 20.0 %. The highest mortality percentages were 96.0 and 94.0 % recorded at concentration 100 ppm for its larvae and adults, respectively. Whereas mortality percentage recorded for larvae and adults of <em>Tribolium</em> spp, at 20 ppm, adults were still resistant although larval mortality reached 18.0 %. However by elevation of ozone concentration to 100 ppm, mortality percentage reached, 90.0 and 78.0 % for larvae and adults, respectively. The data show that there was a steady increase in mortality of larvae and adults with the extension of exposure time to ozone reaching 100% after two hours. On the other hand, eggs and pupae of all treated insects were highly susceptible to ozone as compared to larvae and adults of the same species. For example, hundred mortality percentage for eggs and 86.0 % mortality for pupae were achieved using 5 ppm ozone for an hour. However, by using same ozone concentrations and exposure time eggs and pupae of <em>B. incarnates</em> recorded 96 % mortality for eggs and 89 % for pupae. To compare other forms of ozone by using ozonized water, the results indicated complete reduction in percent infestation rate on treatment with 60 ppm for one hour or 60 ppm ozonized water for one minute. Complete sterilization for all test samples from insect pest was achieved using ozone gas applied at 60 ppm for two hours or 60 ppm ozonized water for two minutes. Treatment of these commodities with ozone resulted in slight missing of protein and lipid contents but increased sugar fractions of the tested materials.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86741_bff69bcdafc8404522fcf7aee65c8511.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771620100601SURVEY OF RHINOCEROS BEETLE, Oryctes SPP. (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE), IN ITS MICROBIAL IN DATE PALM ORCHARDS IN AL-MADINAH ALMUNWARAH REGION4494638674210.21608/jppp.2010.86742ENR. A. AIbrahimEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelshiekh University, EgyptS. S.AlahmadiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwara, P.O. 30002 , Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20200503The Incidence and microbial natural enemies of <em>Oryctes</em> spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in date palm orchards in Al-madinah Almunwarah region, were studied. The different date palm cultivars can be arranged in descending order according to the infestation severity with <em>Oryctes</em> spp. as follow: Ajwah > Rothan > Safawi > Helwah > Shalabi > Barni and Rabbiah. The highest infestation rates of date palms with rhinoceros beetles were reached 44.1, 42.2 and 37.7% in September, August and November respectively. Whereas, the lowest infestation was recorded in February (10.2%) and January (11.7%). The population density decreased to reach the minimum values by mid January. The dominant stage of development occurred was the third larval instar. The first and second instars were rarely encountered. The vertical distribution of adults and immatures of the rhinoceros beetle around the heaps and root of the date palm was also studied. Data revealed that adults were more abundant in the surface layer at depth of 0:30 cm than immatures. While, immature stages were the most dominant at 30-60 cm depth. There were 72.3% of immatures (larvae and pupae) population found in the middle layer at depth (30:60 cm) around roots. In comparison, the third depth layer included only 5.3 % adults and 16.3% immatures. Four microbial natural enemies were recorded as mortality factors associated with the larval and pupal stages sampled within date palm orchards. The microbial analysis was narrowed down to detect only entomopathogenic fungi (<em>Beauveria bassiana</em> and <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>), bacteria (<em>Bacillus </em>spp.), and virus (<em>Oryctes </em>virus). Entomopathogenic fungi caused average mortality to <em>Oryctes</em> larval population reached 15.3% and 9.2% by <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> and <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, respectively<em>.</em> In comparison both entomopathogenic fungi caused 6.5% pupal mortality. On the other hand, <em>Bacillus</em> spp. caused the highest larval mortality reaching up to 39.2%, compared to 3.3% to pupae. Whereas, the percentage of infected larvae and pupae with virus recorded 27.6% and 11.5%, respectively and it was higher than of both pathogenic fungi (24.5%).https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_86742_1e53a8aa480382f3b77848f709092879.pdf