Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Effects of Certain Insecticides and KZ Oil on Survival of “Aphis gossypii” and its Transmissions Ability of Papaya-Ringspot-Virus “Prsv” on Squash13313624836310.21608/jppp.2022.143751.1079ENH. M.AminePlant Protection Dep. Faculty of Agriculture - Tanta University - Tanta - Egypt0000-0001-7438-7365H. A.AnberPlant Protection Dep. Fac., of Agric., Tanta UniversityS. A.HamedPlant Protection Dep. Fac., of Agric., Tanta UniversityShimaa A. M. A.KhalfPlant Pathology Res. Inst., ARC-Giza-Egypt.A. R.Abu-ShaishaaPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC-Giza-Egypt.H. A.Abd El-RahmanPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC-Giza-Egypt.Journal Article20220706Aphids, particularly <em>Aphis gossypii</em> Glov., is one of the most-important-pests in squash farms, caused serious losses by sucking plant sap in addition to plant viruses' transmission such as Papaya ringspot virus-W (PRSV-W). The current work conducted to study of the effect of various-systemic-insecticides and mineral-oil against melon-aphid, “<em>Aphis gossypii</em>” and its ability on transmissions of non-persistent-viruses under laboratory conditions. Data obtained showed that the “flonicamid” and “pymetrozine” recorded significantly-reduction in virus-acquisition and inoculations when compared-with control “also” reductions were compared-with mineral-oil applications. On-other-hand, data obtained of insecticide-residues activity and KZ-oil on “PRSV” transmission-rate by “<em>A. gossypii”</em> revealed that flonicamid had significantly higher persistence up to 12 days followed by pymetrozine. The mineral oil experienced a significant increase in transmission rate as its efficacy decreased dramatically on the eighth transmission and twelfth days.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_248363_c7ecc694c67a45a166e0fbeba0e59840.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Effect of Salicylic Acid on Induction of Resistance Against Green Mold in Orange Fruits13714025254710.21608/jppp.2022.143351.1078ENBasma E.MosadPlant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptH. H. A.El-SharkawyPlant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptM. A.TaherAgricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptEl. A.ElsherbinyPlant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt0000-0003-1778-2048Journal Article20220802Postharvest diseases significantly reduce the quantity and quality of the fruit crop. Its causes the loss of more than half of the agricultural production of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, this study aimed to find safe and environmentally friendly alternative fungicides to induce resistance against postharvest disease by inducing the natural resistance of fruits and vegetables by increasing the antioxidant enzymes that minimize the disease and enhance the quality of fruits and prolong the storage period. The following fungus is the most important pathogen of orange fruits after harvest (<em>Penicillium</em><em> digitatum</em>). This study showed that the salicylic acid (SA), at 14 mM, inhibited the growth of mycelium with a percentage of 100 compared to the untreated control, while the percentage of inhibition of spore germination was 90.8%, compared to the untreated control. Moreover, SA inhibited the development of treated orange fruit rots by 39.06% and enhanced the enzyme peroxidase (POD), Polyphenoloxidase (PPO), and total phenols contents. We recommend the use of salicylic acid to reduce the severity of infection caused by <em>P. digitatum </em>that affects orange fruit.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_252547_689d14adcb0d3ba390d707ad46cf91da.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Efficacy of Certain Insecticides and Mineral Oil in Controlling Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glov. and Papaya Ringspot Virus in Squash at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate14114624837310.21608/jppp.2022.143754.1080ENH. M.AminePlant Protection Dep. Faculty of Agriculture - Tanta University - Tanta - Egypt0000-0001-7438-7365H. A.AnberPlant Protection Dep. Fac., of Agric., Tanta UniversityA. R.Abu-ShaishaaPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt.H. A.Abd El-RahmanPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20220706Melon aphid, <em>Aphis gossypii</em> Glov. is one of the most important insect pests infesting squash plants causing severe damage and is responsible for transmitting plant viruses. Among these viruses is, Papaya ringspot virus-W (PRSV-W) which, is a virus with the highest economic impact on cucurbits production. A two-year field experiment (2019 and 2020) was conducted at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to evaluate efficacy of three insecticides: Chess 50 % WG (pymetrozine), Teppeki 50 % WG (flonicamid) and Confidor 20 % (imidacloprid) as well as mineral oil (KZ 95 % EC) against aphids and spread of PRSV. The treatments were arranged in a randomised complete block design with three replications. During two seasons, tested compounds significantly reduced population of aphid vector, as well as the incidences of PRSV infections and increased fruit yield compared to control. Mineral oil had little effect on aphid populations but it was the best choice to reduce PRSV spread. Imidacloprid was the most effective insecticide against aphids but it was the least in reducing PRSVspread. Both antifeedant insecticides, flonicamid and pymetrozine significantly reduced populations of aphid and incidences of PRSV but they significantly increased fruit yield. Population of aphid was positively correlated with incidence of PRSV. Fruit yield was also negatively correlated with incidence of PRSV and aphid population. Overall, this work showed that it is possible to increase protection of cucurbits fields against PRSV and other non-persistent viruses by incorporating chemicals with different modes of action such as flonicamid, pymetrozine, and mineral oils.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_248373_9eb3865d9f2571f1bab4da8074098830.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Efficacy of Certain Alternative Insecticides against Major Insect Pests of Sesame Crop under Field Conditions14715225255010.21608/jppp.2022.144959.1082ENM. M.Fakeer,Plant Protection Department, Fac., of Agric., New Valley Univ., Egypt.S. M. M.GameelPlant Protection Institute, Agric. Res. Center MOA, EgyptJournal Article20220802Sesame (<em>Sesamum indicum</em> L.) crop considers as one of the important oilseed crops in the world. Effectiveness of ten selected insecticides [Vertimec 1.8% EC, Agrin 6.5% WP, Thiovit 80% WG, Spinosad 48% SC, Evisect 50% SP, Match 5% EC , Pestban 48% EC, Dolf 5% EC , Lannate 90% SP and Proclaim 5% SG] against <em>Antigastra catalaunalis</em>, <em>Spodoptera exigua</em> and leafhoppers was examined. This study was carried out in farmer's field at New Valley, Egypt during 2021. The recommended concentrations for each insecticidal product were tested against <em>A. catalaunalis</em>, <em>S. exigua</em> and leafhoppers. The percentages of mortality were recorded after 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. In case of <em>A. catalaunalis</em>, Spinosad 48% SC and Dolf 5% EC were found to be the most effective compounds. While, Pestban 48% EC and Spinosad 48% SC were found to be most effective compounds against <em>S. exigua</em>. On the other side, Dolf 5% EC and Match 5% EC were found more effective against leafhoppers than other chemical products. These alternative insecticides could be recommended to use against <em>A. catalaunalis</em>, <em>S. exigua</em> and leafhoppers in sesame crop and elsewhere.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_252550_33c9d30930ff1b6589513368f23d64cd.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Comparative Efficiency of Selected Chemical and Bio Pesticides against some Stored Grain Insects15316025255510.21608/jppp.2022.145344.1083ENR. B.Abo ArabPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Nariman M.El-TawelhPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Amal M.HamzaPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.G. M.Nasrstored grain pests, plant protection research institute, agricultural research center, Egypt.0000-0001-9946-6692Journal Article20220802Stored grain insect pests cause a high risk to the grains and seeds in storage such as weight loss, less germination, and reduced nutrition values of grains. Heavily use of synthetic insecticides resulted in a lot of problems for humans and the environment. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate new approaches for controlling certain stored product insects. In this respect, the following approaches were investigated: Acutely toxic chemicals, mostly of natural origin, i.e. Avermectins and pyrethrins against stored insect pests. In addition to Azadirachtin, the main constituent of neem kernels is a feeding deterrent. Some toxicological and environmental aspects of some tested chemicals were also evaluated. The results showed considerable and remarkable insecticidal activity. Avermectins, in particular, Ivermectin exhibited a noticeable insecticidal potency against the stored grain insects (i.e. cowpea weevil, <em>Callosobruchus maculatus</em> F., and khapra beetle, <em>Trogoderma granarium</em> E.) under storage conditions (viz. lacking direct light and other weathering factors). yrethrins revealed a long residual toxicity when applied on grains. Azadirachtin, the principal phytochemical of neem kernels, has markedly antifeedant properties. Also, Azadirachtin showed considerable feeding deterrent effect against larvae of khapra beetle, <em>T. granarium</em> at concentrations ³ 125 mg/kg grains. Moreover, the results showed that Abamectin was highly effective.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_252555_d0b598c0361dcda88fc7a91874f5bf55.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Study of Imidacloprid, Azoxystrobin and Difenoconazole Residues and their Biochemical effects on Cucumber16116725256210.21608/jppp.2022.148665.1085ENA. A.ShalabyPlant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., EgyptT. A.Abd-El RahmanPesticides Residues & Environmental Pollution Dept, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptM. A.ShalabyPesticides Residues & Environmental Pollution Dept, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20220802Cucumber plants at the fruiting stage were sprayed on June 2021 in a private field at El-Tahra village, Zagazig-district, Sharkia-Governorate, Egypt with imidacloprid Avenue 70% WG and azoxystrobin 20%+difenoconazole 12.5% mixture in commercial formulation Decent 32.5% SC to determine their persistence in cucumber-leaves and fruits, also to estimate their biochemical effects on cucumber-fruits. QuEChERS method was used for extraction and clean-up and analyzed using HPLC. Results revealed that, initial amounts of each-pesticide in leaves were much higher-than cucumber fruits. Loss percentages in residues were higher in cucumber fruits than leaves. The t½ values for investigated pesticides in cucumber-fruits (peel and whole-fruits) and leaves, were (1.88, 2.02, 2.47), (1.72, 1.81, 3.2) and (1.77, 2.10, 2.45 days) for imidacloprid, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole, respectively. Residue amounts of tested-pesticides were more greatly detected in the peel than that pulp. Cucumber fruits could be used safely for human-consumption at any time after spraying to the end of the experimental-period (12-days) after peeling. The pickling process removed in great amounts from initial deposits of investigated pesticides. Levels of total soluble sugar%, glucose mg/kg, acidity%, total soluble solids (T.S.S.), % ascorbic-acid mg/kg, β-carotene%, dry matter% and protein% as well as elements N%, P%, K%, Fe mg/kg, Mn mg/kg, Ca%, Zn mg/kg, on treated cucumber-fruits were significantly reduced during tested-periods (3 and 6-days after application). Data revealed that reduction of each quality attributes and elements was more pronounced with Decent than imidacloprid. This finding may be due-to presence of two-fungicide mixture in decent formulation (azoxystrobin+difenoconazole).https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_252562_01cf80cc9578891e1b9d14c03051a61c.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367713720220701Study of Bifenazate, Indoxacarb and Emamectin Benzoate Residues on Tomato16917425256410.21608/jppp.2022.148670.1086ENA. A.ShalabyPlant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., EgyptA. S. O.SelomaPesticides Analysis Researches Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.M. A.ShalabyPesticides Residues &Environmental pollution Dept, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20220802Experiments were conducted on the tomato to study the residues and dissipation rates of bifenazate, indoxacarb, and emamectin benzoate during the summer plantation of 2021 at different intervals (2h), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days. QuEChERS method was used for extraction and clean-up and analyzed using HPLC. Results revealed that the initial amounts of bifenazate, indoxacarb, and emamectin benzoate in leaves and fruits were3.641, 1.463; 2.592, 0.943, and 1.721, 0.215, respectively. Loss percentages in residues were higher in tomato fruits than leaves. The half-life (t½) values of bifenazate, indoxacarb, and emamectin benzoate were 1.86, 2.16; 1.83, 3.01, and 0.973, 1.16 days in tomato fruits and leaves, respectively. No residues were detected in processed tomato paste from contaminated tomato fruits with the tested pesticides indicating 100% removal. Also, washing tomato fruits resulted in a 22.92–42.45, 5.57–21.31, and 15.79–33.02% removal percentage from the residues of bifenazate, indoxacarb, and emamectin benzoate, respectively. Contaminated tomatoes could be consumed safely after 3 days for unwashed and washed fruits contaminated with the three tested pesticides according to the maximum residues limit (MRL) of the EU pesticides database - European Commission.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_252564_0b03c2eb9bc41218b6ddacacfaba037b.pdf