Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101The Cotton Mealybug, Phenacoccus Solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera : Pseudococcidae) as a New Insect on Soybean Plants in Egypt and its Population Dynamic5455484660310.21608/jppp.2017.46603ENE. A.El-SarandPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokk,Giza,EgyptJournal Article20190901The cotton mealybug,<em> Phenacoccus solenopsis</em> Tinsley (Homoptera :Pseudococcidae) is an important insect pest worldwide causing economic damage to several crops. The insect was noticed for the first time on soybean, <em>Glycine max</em> L. plants (var. Giza 111) in late August using visual count during season of 2015 at Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. The mealybug was collected from the infested soybean plants during season of 2016 at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt and identified as <em>P. solenopsis</em> at Insect Identification Unit, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt. The population density of mealybug started with a few numbers at the end of August during seasons 2015, while in season 2016, the infestation began to appear nearly in mid-August, then it increased gradually till the end of the season. Generally, the population of this insect was significantly higher in the second season than the first one. Both temperature and relative humidity had a negative and insignificant effect on the population in the two seasons with exception of effect of temperature in the second season, as it was negative and highly significant. The combined effect of the two considered weather factors was more pronounced on the population in the second season than in first one. Generally, this study represents the first published record of <em>P. solenopsis</em> on soybean in Egypt. However, the obtained results are very important in integrated soybean management programs to avoid damage of this insect in the future.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46603_075ef42f0923825c08de5869c861bfca.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Isolation and Virulence of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) Isolates from Hibernated Ostrinia nubilalis (Hb.) and Sesamia cretica Led. from Maize Stalks5495534660410.21608/jppp.2017.46604ENM. F.El-SheikhDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, EgyptI. A.El-ShamiPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research CenterJournal Article20190901The experiments were carried out at three locations in Gharbia governorate which heavily infested with corn borers larvae, <em>Ostrinia nubilalis </em>and<em> Sesamia cretica</em>, on maize stalks abandoned in the field, these locations were Tanta, El-Santa and Quator locations during the period from November to April in 2014/15 season. A proportion reduction in number of the two pests occurred during overwintering in maize stalks by entomopathogenic fungi, <em>Beauveria</em> <em>ba</em><em>s</em><em>siana</em> isolates. The rate of reduction revealed 28.57, 6.74 and 10.41 % of <em>O. nubilalis </em>larvae at Tanta, El-Santa and Qutour, resepectively and 7.69 % in <em>S. cretica</em> larvae only in El-Santa. Seventeen fungi isolates of the fungus <em>B. bassiana</em> were found on <em>O. nubilalis </em>larvae at the three locations then the germination of fungi isolates was measured and found that the Bb-OLT 26 Jan isolate was the highest of conidia germinated then selected to bioassy study. The two fungi isolates Bb-OLT 26 and Bb-SLE 26 Jan were treated on <em>O. nubilalis </em>and<em> S. cretica</em>, respectively in labortatory conditions with concentrations of 10<sup>4</sup>, 10<sup>5</sup>, 10<sup>6</sup>, 10<sup>7</sup> and 10<sup>8</sup> conidia/ml. Therefore the LC<sub>50</sub> values were 1.23 x 10<sup>5</sup>and 1.18 x 10<sup>7 </sup>conidia/ml. for Bb-OLT 26 and Bb-SLE 26 Jan isolates, respectively. This results indicated that the entomopathogenic fungus, <em>B. bassiana</em> is an effective a natural pathogen causing a consideral mortality in the hibernated larvae of <em>O. nubilalis</em> which may be important in the natural regulation of the pest and encourage to apply it on the field populations at maize fields.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46604_403609cb1c112ee149d873c09a753915.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Population Fluctuations of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.) with Respect to some Ecological Factors in Peach Orchards5555594660610.21608/jppp.2017.46606ENN. M.GhanimPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190901The Mediterranean fruit fly (MFF), <em>Ceratitis capitata</em> (Wied.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important economic pest worldwide. The present work aimed to study the effect of peach fruit ripening and certain weather factors on population fluctuations of MFF on peach orchards during two successive seasons (2015 and 2016). An area of about 25 feddans was selected for the present study at Aga district, El-Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. The MFF showed two peaks of seasonal activity at the period of fruit ripening during the first season, whereas it recorded four peaks of abundance during the second season. Generally, these peaks of activity were confined between June and September. Population of MFF positively responded to fruit ripening. Among the weather factors, temperature has the highest effect on MFF population; relative humidity has the lowest, and wind speed has a moderate effect. The MFF population responded positively to both temperature and humidity, whereas it responded inversely to wind speed. Although weather factors had effects on MFF population, fruit ripening exhibited an extrusive effect on its population. Updating the information regarding factors that affect population dynamics of an insect under various ecological situations might lead to provide insights into pest control.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46606_f1991fadd116299cdf0278544de10b3a.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Impact of some Essential Plant Oils and Insect Growth Regulators on Immature Stages of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Egypt5615704685210.21608/jppp.2017.46852ENMarwa F. K.AlyPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El Minya, EgyptA. M.Ali1Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El Minya, EgyptJournal Article20190902The cotton leafworm <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> (Boisd) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) is consider a polyphagous pest infesting cotton and some important vegetables and field crops in Egypt. The latent effects (LC<sub>25</sub>) of three insect growth regulators (IGRS); Runner (24% SC), Virtu (5% SC) and Roxy (10% EC) and three essential plant oils; coriander, basil and mustard oils were evaluated against fourth larval instar until adult emergence and oviposition under laboratory conditions. The influence of LC<sub>25</sub> of tested materials on some biological aspects, nutrition indices for cotton leafworm were evaluated. Novaluron (roxy) showed a great ovicidal activity where recorded the lowest number of laid eggs (611 eggs) compared to control and coriander oil (1103.3 and 871 eggs, respectively). Also, novaluron was the most female oviposition deterrence (23%) and had the highest sterility (68.9%). On the other hand, there was a significant differences between novaluron and tested oils in sterility. Coriander oil recorded the highest feeding deterrence index (FDI) against fourth larval instar which statistically different with all tested treatment, while, tested IGRs had the lowest effect as a feeding deterrent for larvae varied between 7-9%. Relative growth Rate (RGR) had insignificantly varied between tested treatments. Larval duration was significantly elongated when larvae fed on treated castor bean leaves with coriander oil reach to 16.2 days compared to control (13.8 days). While IGRs treatments recorded that shorter larval duration rather than coriander oil, but significantly similar to control. Chromafenozide (virtu) pesticide had the highest larval mortality compared to control and essential plant oils treatments.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46852_29e287b2938b206e8614ad3d3cd7c86e.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Potency of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Trichoderma album Preuss in Controlling, Rhzopertha dominica F. (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) under Laboratory Conditions.5715764685510.21608/jppp.2017.46855ENGhada S.MohamedPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.Eman TahaFood Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.Journal Article20190902A laboratory strain of <em>Trichoderma album </em>Preuss was assessed against the first larval instar and adult stage of <em>Rhzopertha dominica </em> F. under laboratory conditions by dipping bioassay. Four dose rates of <em>T. album</em> (7 ×10<sup>4</sup>, 7 ×10<sup>5</sup>, 7 ×10<sup>6</sup> and 7×10<sup>7</sup> conidia /ml) were applied. The count for mortality was made after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. The treated wheat with <em>T. album</em> well as untreated wheat sample were stored for 6 months after infestation with <em>R. dominica</em> . and the quality of the stored wheat was determined. The results showed that the first larval instar was more highly susceptible than the adult stage. The highest mortality percentages were 94% and 74% for <em>T. album</em> against <em> R. dominica </em>first larval instar and adult stages, respectively, after 7 days exposure at 7×10<sup>7 </sup>conidia /ml. the LC<sub>50</sub> value was 5.61x10<sup>5</sup> and 3.32x10<sup>6</sup> conidia /ml while the LT<sub>50</sub> recorded at 4.02 and 6.43 days at 7 ×10<sup>7</sup> conidia /ml on <em>R. dominica </em>first larval instar and adult stages, respectively. Wheat properties were enhanced during storage for treated wheat comparing to untreated wheat which it reduced weight loss by 26% also gluten content and color quality of wheat were improved after treatment with <em>. T.album.</em> These results indicate that the entomopathogenic fungus <em>T. album</em> has the potential to be a biocontrol agent for controlling <em>R. dominica</em> and a suitable candidate further for research and development.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46855_51cba659207878a83961f4620024b3c5.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Evaluating the Role of Entomopathogenic Nematodes for the Biological Control of the Potato Tuber Moth, Phthorimaeao perculella under Laboratory Conditions.5775804685710.21608/jppp.2017.46857ENHeba A. A.Al-GhnamDepartment of Pest Physiology, Plant Protection Res Inst., ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Gamila A. M.HeikalDepartment of Vegetable Pests Research and Medical and Aromatic herbs, Plant Protection Res Inst., ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190902In this study we evaluated the control potential effect of five doses of the entomopathogenic nematode, <em>Steinernema carpocapsae</em> (All) and <em>Heterorhabditis bcteriophora</em> (HP88) as a biocontrol agent against potato tuber moth, <em>Phthorimaeao perculella</em> under laboratory conditions. Using five concentrations of each nematode species (500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 infective juveniles, IJs) that inoculated in two stages(larvae and pupae) of the potato tuber moth. Mortality percentages were recorded along 5 days for all doses and calculated for each insect stage at different dose of entomopathogenic nematode. The larval mortality percentages was 90% and 100% at dose 2000IJs/ 10 individualsat the second and the third days,respectively, by <em>S. carpocapsae</em> and <em>H. bcteriophora</em>. The highest mortality percentages obtained from the dose 2500 IJs/10individuals by using <em>H. bcteriophora</em> 50%, 90% and 100% at the first, second and third days, respectively. At dose 2500 and 2000 IJsapplied for pupal stage not exhibit more than 40% and 50% by using <em>S. carpocapsae</em> and 50% and 70 % by using <em>H. bcteriophora</em>, respectively mortality percentages at the fifth day of the experiment. Our work indicates that<em> P. operculella</em> larvae were achieving high mortality percentages and it can applying entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents against <em>P. operculella</em>.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46857_607f487346252215646ba298a3827ddc.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Cereal Aphid Species (Homoptera : Aphididae) Infesting Wheat Plants and their Aphidophagous Insects at El-Khattara District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt5815894686110.21608/jppp.2017.46861ENM. A. I.YoussifPlant Prot. Dept., Fac. of Agric. , Zaazig Univ., Zagazig, EgyptSH. A. M.AliPlant Protection Research Institute , Dokki, EgyptWalaa M. M.HelalyPlant Protection Research Institute , Dokki, EgyptJournal Article20190902Studies on cereal aphids infesting wheat plants and their aphidophagous insects were carried out in newly reclaimed sandy area at El-Khattara district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons.The obtained results are summarized as follows:Four aphid species, <em>i.e.,</em> <em>Shizaphis graminum</em> (Rondani), <em>Rhopalosiphum maidis</em> (Fitch), <em>Rhopalosiphum padi</em> (Linnaeus) and <em>Macrosiphum avenae</em> (Fabricius) were found infested wheat plants.Cereal aphids infested wheat plants from the first week of January till the last week of April. The highest populations of aphids were recorded in the first week of March and in the second week of April with counts of 711 and 1503 individuals/ sample in the first and second seasons, respectively.Six predaceous insect species belonging to four orders and five families were surveyed associated with aphid species infesting wheat plants. Coleopterous species were the most dominant, followed by the neuropterous ones, with general relative densities of 41.70 and 21.10 % of the total recorded predators, successively. Among all recorded predaceous species, <em>Chrysoperla carnea</em> (Stephens) , <em>Coccinella</em> <em>undecimpunctat</em> L., and <em>Coccinella septempunctata</em> L., were the most dominant species, comprised 21.10, 15.68 and 15.26 % of the total count of the predators, respectively. The total recorded predators showed that means of 1:61.62 and 1:118.73 predators: prey ratios in the first and second seasons, respectively.Five species of hymenopterous parasitoids were emerged from mummified individuals of cereal aphids, namely, <em>Diaeretiella rapae</em> (M’Intosh), <em>Aphidius colemani</em> Viereck, <em>Aphidius</em> <em>matricariae</em> Haliday, <em>Ephedrus</em> sp. and <em>Praon </em>sp<em>.</em> The most dominant parasitoids were <em>D. rapae</em> and <em>A. colemani</em> with general relative densities of 35.32 and 27.12% respectively. The fluctuations of the total percentages of parasitism indicated three peaks in the first season and two ones in the second season. The mean percentage of parasitism during the first season was relatively high (6.41%) in comparison with that in the second one (3.60%).The correlation between cereal aphids populations and percentages of parasitism in both seasons were positive high significanthttps://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46861_a70cf75fc2042187736cdf93593284bb.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Efficacy of Some Plant Seeds Against the Glassy Clover Snail, Monacha cartusiana (Müller)5915974686610.21608/jppp.2017.46866ENM. F. N. G.FaragPlant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190902The present study was conducted on rapeseeds, castor seeds and apricot kernels against the glassy clover snail,<em> Monacha cartusiana</em> (Müller). The study used a new technique to obtain an effective, safe and cheap alternative method to pesticides, molluscicidal activities were evaluated for rapeseeds, castor seeds and apricot kernels baits against the glassy clover snail under laboratory conditions (26 ± 2°C). The results showed that the highest mortality of the apricot kernels as compared to rapeseeds and castor seeds, due to the presence of the amygdalin in apricot kernels and its absence within rapeseeds and castor seeds. Results indicated that amygdalin separated from apricot kernels recorded mortality percentages after three weeks for treatment with 2 % concentration under laboratory conditions, where, juveniles of <em>M. cartusiana</em> mortality were 100 %, while, adults of <em>M. cartusiana</em> mortality were 86.67 %, compared to apricot kernels powder without amygdalin recorded 13.33 % of juveniles and 6.67 % of adults with 10 % concentration .Similarly, field investigations estimated the residual effect of amygdalin separated from apricot kernels and apricot kernels powder on reduction percentages after three weeks were 71.62 % and 76.46 %, at concentration 2 % and 10 % respectively. Biochemical studies were recorded an increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase enzymes in juveniles and adults of <em>M. cartusiana</em> treated with amygdalin separated from apricot kernels. In addition, analysis of amygdalin separated from apricot kernels, where it was confirmed. https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46866_b1501c166119c13f9b306d69dce4959a.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Aphid Oat Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) as an Economic Aphid Insect Vectors of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus in Wheat Fields.5996014686910.21608/jppp.2017.46869ENA. A.Abdel-Samed.Plant Protection Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190902In the course of the transmission experiment carried out in the present work, the author pointed out a <em>Rhopalosiphum padi</em> (L.) transmitting the virus causing barley yellow dwarf disease (BYDV) from infect wheat plants to celery plants and from infected celery plants to healthy ones. It plays an important role in spreading the barley yellow dwarf virus in wheat cultivations in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The results of insect transmission experiment could be summarized as follows: The acquisition threshold feeding periods ranged between 1 hr and 24 hr. Incubation periods in insects ranged between 48 - 73 hr. , while in the host plants were 18 to 22 days in celery plants.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46869_8118fae8d6e7d74a9102238b34a60b6e.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Influence of some Host Plants on Reproduction and Biological Aspects of Two Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch)6036074687110.21608/jppp.2017.46871ENM. F. R.MahmoudDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum Univ., EgyptJournal Article20190902Field reproduction under natural conditions and biological aspects of <em>Tetranychus urticae</em> under laboratory conditions at 27±1 ºC & 60-74 RH% on six different host plants namely; squash,<em> Cucurbita pepo</em> & cucumber, <em>Cucumis sativus</em> (Fam. Cucurbitaceae), eggplant, <em>Solanum melongena</em> & tomato,<em> Lycopersicon esculentum</em> (Fam. Solanaceae) and bean, <em>Phasseolus vulgaris</em> & cowpea, <em>Vigna sinensis</em> (Fam. Fabaceae) were occurred and showed that, the number of eggs and moving stages were slowly increased in the beginning of season compared with that at the end. Total number was increased to reach its maximum in the middle of June, then sharply declined thereafter. Cowpea and bean which belonged to family Fabaceae were considered the least preferred host plants due to little reproduction in the field and a few eggs laid were evident under lab. conditions. In general, the ability of <em>T.urticae</em> for plant infestation was deferred according to morphological shape of plant leaves which assist to protect different stages of <em>T.urticae</em> against environmental factors. So, squash plant considered the suitable plants for <em>T. urticae</em> reproduction due to trichomes, spin , gaps and large area of leaves followed by cucumber, eggplant, tomato, bean and cowpea. Cowpea plants was the best host for infestation tolerance because of smoothly and thickness of leaves. Significant positive correlation between population of <em>T. urticae</em> and temp. and insignificat negative with RH% were evident.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46871_3f01d26dacdf65e5338344802619c8d7.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367781120171101Survey and Population Density of Thrips, Frankliniella Occidentalis (Pergande) Infesting Some Vegetables Plant Flowers6096134687310.21608/jppp.2017.46873ENH. H.ShalabyPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC),
Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt.Mona I.AmmarPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC),
Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt.A. B.BadranPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC),
Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt.E. A. M.MousaPlant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC),
Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190902Field trial was conducted during two successive seasons on 2015 and 2016 in Qalubiya and Kafer El Sheikh Governorates. This study aims to survey of WFT <em>Frankliniella </em><em>occidentali</em>s (Pergande) infesting flowers of some vegetables flowers, effect of population density of WFT <em>F. </em><em>occidentalis</em> infesting flowers on some different vegetables and effect of some ecological factors on population density of WFT <em>F. </em><em>occidentalis</em> infesting flowers of some different of vegetables. The survey showed that thrips <strong><em>F. occidentalis</em> </strong>recorded on nine important flowers of vegetables. Eggplant flowers and pepper flowers were the most superior flowers vegetable in high infestation during two successive seasons 2016&2017 at the two locations. The general weekly mean number of the <em>F. occidentalis</em>was higher abundant at Kafr El Sheikh Governorate than these recorded in Qalubiya Governorate throughout two successive seasons 2016 and 2017 at vegetable crops. Maximum, Minimum temperature and the relative humidity were showed insignificant negative effect during the two successive seasons 2016&2017 at vegetables crops.https://jppp.journals.ekb.eg/article_46873_b3a8e49aee085353838ed1bd73916d65.pdf