Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF TWO PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST Fusariun solani AND Rhizoctonia solani, THE CAUSAL PATHOGENS OF STEM AND ROOT ROT DISEASES OF POTHOS ( Epipremnum aureus ).5715828650310.21608/jppp.2011.86503ENS. A.EL MorsyPlant Pathol. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza , Egypt .Naglaa T.MohamedPlant Pathol. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza , Egypt .A. S.IbrahimPlant Pathol. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza , Egypt .Journal Article20200502 Organic solvent extracts of lemon grass leaves were more effective than those of rhubarb roots in inhibiting mycelial growth of <em>F. solani </em>and<em> R. solani</em> , two fungi pathogenic to pothos plants causing root and basal stem rots . Superiority was realized as for ethanolic extracts than those extracted using hexane and ethyl acetate as organic solvents .
Dipping root system of pothos cuttings in 20 % concentration of ethanolic extracts of lemon grass or rhubarb for 15 min. just before planting in soil infested with either of <em>F. solani </em>and<em> R. solani</em> recorded the lowest percentages of diseases incidence by ( 5 % & 10 % ) and ( 15 % &20 % ) , respectively , relative to those of their controls ( 40 % & 60 % ) .
Values of physical characteristics of lemone grass essential oil such as specific gravity ( 0.89 % ) , optical rotation ( - 1.6 ) , refractive index ( 1.4875 ) and acid number ( 8.3 ) were estimated . Also , chemical main compounds quantitatively determined by chromatography which confirmed that volatile matter of lemon grass oil represents 100 % of its composition . However , citral and myrecene constituted 77.0 % and 6.5 % of the total composition of that oil .
Lemon grass essential oil at concens. of 10 % and 20 % could completely inhibit mycelial growth of the aforementioned two fungi , respectively .Besides , citral <br /> ( 2.5 concen. ) realized the same effect , whereas, myrecene only minimized mycelial growth of these fungi by 40% and 28.6 % . Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF SEEDS MYCOFLORA AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON COTTON SEEDLING DAMPING –OFF DISEASE.5835958650410.21608/jppp.2011.86504ENA. M. A.El-SamawatyPlant Pathology Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptM. R.OmarPlant Pathology Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptD. A.El-WakilPlant Pathology Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptNaglaa T.MohamedPlant Pathology Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200502Surface and non-surface sterilized seeds of commercial cotton cultivars were examined for qualitative and quantitative estimates of seed-borne fungi.<em> Aspergilus flavus, A.niger </em> and <em>Alternaria alternata</em> were the most dominant species isolated. Cultivar and cultivar treatment interactions were very highly significant source of variation in frequencies of fungi. Both cultivar and cultivar x treatment interactions contributed most to the variation in frequencies of the isolated fungi. The effect of surface sterilization on frequencies of fungi isolated from seeds varied depending on the cultivar used. Giza 85 cultivar yielded the lowest number of fungi (5 fungi). Other cultivars yielded a number of fungi ranging from 7 to 13. The role of seed borne fungi in cotton seedling disease incidence was more evident in the post-emergence stage compared with the pre-emergence stage. Also, Cluster analysis divided the cotton cultivars into two distinct groups, one group consisting of 6 cultivars (Giza 45,Giza 70,Giza 85,Giza88,Giza89 and Giza90) and a second group consisting only one cultivar Giza90.Constructed regression models showed that difference in seedling disease variables were due largely to the effects of <em>A. alternata, Cladosporium </em>spp. and <em>Fusarium semitectum</em> .Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601EFFECT OF CERTAIN INSECTICIDES AGAINST SUGAR BEET BEETLE Cassida vittata (VILL.) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) INHABITING SUGAR BEET FIELDS.5976078650510.21608/jppp.2011.86505ENF. A. H.ShaheenPesticides Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.A. A. A.SaidPesticides Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ.E. A. H.SheriefPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center., Dokki-Giza, Egypt.H. A. M.FouadPlant Protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center., Dokki-Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200502The objective of present work was to compare the field efficiency of three tested pesticides, Selecron (profenofos), Marshal (carbosulfan) and Radiant (spinetoram), against larvae and adults of the tortoise beetle Cassida vittata (Vill.) inhabiting sugar beet fields in Sharkia Governorate during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 sugar beet growing seasons. Data obtained revealed that when mortality rates were considered, Selecrone and Marshal were the most efficient compounds against larvae and adults of C. vittata. However, Radiant demonstrated a moderate toxic effect.
Marshal and Selecrone showed an increase in sugar percentage (16.75 % and 14.5 % respectively) and total soluble solids (TSS %) (18 %, 17 % respectively) in the first season, while in the second season the increase in sugar percentage were (19.8 % and 19.10 % respectively), and TSS % was (22 % and 20 %, respectively). In the second season Radiant showed less percentages of sugar and (TSS) which are 16.70 % and 18.50 %, respectively.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601ATTRACTIVENESS AND EFFECTS OF INSECTARY PLANT FLOWERS ON CERTAIN APHIDOPHAGOUS INSECTS AS BIO-AGENTS6096228650610.21608/jppp.2011.86506ENA. I.Abd El- KareimEconom. Entomol. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.M. E.El-NagarAgric. Res. Center (ARC), Doki, Giza, Egypt.Amal E.MaroufAgric. Res. Center (ARC), Doki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200502The relative attractiveness of flowering plants to some aphidophagous species; predators (<em>Syrphus corollae </em>Fabricius, <em>Chrysoperla carnea</em> Steph., <em>Coccinella undecimpunctata </em>L.and <em>Paederus alfierii </em>Koch,and the parasitic wasp <em>Aphidius</em> sp. was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Flowers included: coriander (<em>Coriandrum sativum L) chamomile </em>, (<em>Matricaria chamomilla</em>, ) geranium (<em>Pelargonium graveolens</em> Ait ) and Fennel ( <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> .Miller ) sweet basil ( <em>Ocimum basillicum</em>, L, ). The obtained results revealed that the tested natural enemies exhibited different degrees of selectivity in response to olfactory stimulant produced by the flowers. Chamomile flowers exhibited higher attractiveness to the hoverflies (S. corollae) than to the other tested predators .<em>Chry carnea</em> exposed to different flowers oduor showed the highest attractiveness to fennel followed by coriander with no significant differences. Coriander, chamomile and fennel flowers attracted the highest percentage of <em>C</em>. <em>undecimpunctata </em>adults with no significant differences. <em>P alferii</em> recorded the highest percentage of attractiveness towards sweet basil ( <em>Ocimum basillicum</em>, L, ) flowers .Choise tests illustrated that<em> Chry. carena</em><em>, </em>S. corollae <em>and </em>C.<em>undecimpunctata </em>exhibited the lowest preferabilty to geranium and sweet basil. On the contrary. <em>P, alferii </em>., showed the highest preferabilty tosweet basilflower. Flower color may influences choice. Yellow and white flowers were particularly attractive Chamomile, fennel, and sweet basil flower colors were preferred by all tested natural enemies. Choice and no choice tests recorded that the aphelinid parasitoid <em>Aphidius</em> sp. exhibited the highest percentage of attractiveness and prefferability to flower color of chamomileand coriander . coriander and chamomile flowers increased longevity in <em>C. </em><em>undecimpunctata</em>. Mean longevity was 45.0 ± 8.9 days with only water, 51.0 ± 3.0 days with chamomile flowers and 58.7 ± 6.5 days when given access to coriander flowers. Parasitism percentage by the aphelinid parasitoid, <em>Aphidius</em> sp .adult significantly increased when fed on coriander or chamomile in comparison with control. So, Coriander and Chamomile could be a potential insectary plants for enhancing parasitoid fitness and efficacy. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601SURVEY OF PREDACEOUS INSECTS ASSOCIATED WITH FOUR MEDICINAL PLANTS6236368650810.21608/jppp.2011.86508ENA. I.Abd El-KareimEconom. Entomol. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.M. E.El-NaggarAgric. Res. Center (ARC), Doki, Giza, Egypt.Amal E.MaroufAgric. Res. Center (ARC), Doki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200502The present work was conducted during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons to survey the predaceous insect species inhabiting certain medicinal plants chamomile,(<em>Matricaria chamomilla</em>) coriander,(<em>Coriandrum sativum</em> L) Fennel, (<em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> Miller) and caraway,( <em>Carum carvi</em>, L ) The predaceous insects were collected by using the sweeping net and yellow sticky traps. Results showed that the sweeping net proved to be the best method to collect all the tested predaceous insect species. Yellow sticky traps have a remarkable selectivity for attracting certain predaceous species.
A survey of the insect predators inhabiting, coriander, chamomile, fennel and caraway plantations assured that the most dominant predators were <em>Syrphus corollae, Coccinella. undecimpunctata, Chrysoperla . carnea</em> and <em>P aederus. alfierii.</em>
The insect predators showed different degree of preferability toward the different host plants. However, the collected hoverfly, <em>Syrphus</em> <em>corollae</em> exhibited high preferrability to chamomile in comparison with coriander, fennel and caraway plants., while, coccinellid, <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> showed the highest preferability to coriander. The chrysopid species, <em>Chry. carnea</em> exhibited high preferrability to fennel and caraway plants in comparison with the other tested host plants. In addition, the stapheilind, <em>P. alfieri</em> showed prferrability to fennel plants. The seasonal abundance of the predators population revealed that <em>S. corollae, C.</em> <em>undecimpunctata</em> and <em>Chry. carnea</em> exhibited 2-3 peaks, while, <em>P. alfierii.</em> showed only one peak of seasonal abundance,. during the season of investigation Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601EVALUATION OF SOME ACARICIDES AGAINST THE TWO SPOTTED SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus urticae KOCH AND ITS PREDACOUS MITES ON KIDNEY BEAN PLANTS AT EL-GHARBIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT6376438650910.21608/jppp.2011.86509ENS. A.AllamPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200502Three acaricidesIndo 50% EC; Challenger 36% SC and Ortus 5% SC were investigated for controlling the phytophagous mites, <em>Tetranychus urticae</em> Koch at Gharbia Governorate on kidney bean plants during 2010 cultivated season. The application of these acaricides induced 94.22, 91.4 and 85.99 % reduction in the population of the tested spider mites, respectively. However, the tested compounds had slightly side effect on the population densities of the associated predacous mites where it gave a reduction percentages of 25.5, 23 and 28.0 % reduction for the same order of the compounds, respectively. The toxic effects of Indo 50% EC on <em>Phytoseiulus persimilis</em> Athias-Henriot biological aspects were evaluated<strong>. </strong>The obtained results indicated that the different biological aspects (developmental period, longevity and life span) of the predatory mite were decreased with application of acaricide but the fecundity of adult female was significantly increased with Indo applied.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36772620110601UTILIZATION INTERCROPPING IN THE REDUCTION OF THE TWO SPOTTED SPIDER MITE Tetranychus urticae KOCH, INFESTING KIDNEY BEAN.6456528651110.21608/jppp.2011.86511ENS. A.AllamPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200502Menoufiya Governorate, a field experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design, in spring period during the two successive season 2010 and 2011 using Kidney bean plantation. four different treatment were conducted as :Kidney bean plants alone in addition to the same plant intercropped on Mint, Fennel and Black cumin. The main crop, Kidney bean, plants were sown on 4 different spaces i.e.10, 20, 30 and 40cm. Kidney bean plants were investigated for abundance of the different stages of the two spotted spider mite <em>Tetranychus urticae </em>Koch :eggs, immatures and adults, as wells their predators<em> Phytosiulus persimilis</em> Athias-Henriot <em>Euseius scutaulis </em>Athias-Henriot (Family: Phytoseiidae). Inspection and investigation was conducted every two weeks: 15,30,45,60,75 and 90 days from sowing. Results showed that the mean values of <em>T. urticae </em>duringthegrowth period clearly increased in the space of 10cm between plants while the reverse trend occurred with the space 40cm. Results showed also, there was a significant difference between the mean numbers of eggs, immatures and adults of<em> Tetranychus urticae </em>Koch infesting Kedney bean in different spaces during sowing.