Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701OCCURRENCE AND SEASONAL ABUNDANCE OF THE PINK BOLLWORM Pectinophora Gossypiella (SAUNDERS) INFESTING COTTON IN THE NORTH DELTA4654778676910.21608/jppp.2010.86769ENM. G.RagabPlant Protection Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Madeha E. H.EldewyCentral Agric. Pest. Lab., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptLobna T.ZidanCentral Agric. Pest. Lab., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200504The present investigation was directed to study the Occurance and seasonal abundance of the pink bollworm, <em>Pectinophora gassypiella</em> (sanders)in cotton fields during 2005 and 2006 at Kafr EL-Sheikh and Dakahlia Governorates. The effect of prevailing climatic factors on flight activity of using pheromone traps during two successive cotton season indicated that <em>P.gossypiella </em>had three generations with three sharp peaks on cotton during the period started early in June and extended till the end of September The combined effect of the prevailing temperature and relative humidity were responsible for (40.5 ,38 ) and (13.7, 11.1) at Kafr EL-Sheikh governorate of the changes in amole moths population during 2005 and 2006, mean while, Dakahlia Governorate responsible for (8.3,23.2) and (36.7, 10) of the changes of the population and moths respectively. Larval population and boll infestation started during early July and increased progressively till the end of the season.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701FIELD STUDIES ON THE FORAGING POPULATIONS AND CASTECOMPOSITION OF SAND SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE Psammotermes hybostoma (DESNEUX) IN EL-KONOOZ REGION, QENA GOVERNORATE4794848677010.21608/jppp.2010.86770ENK. M.MohannyPlant Protection Dept., Fac. Agric., South Valley Univ., Qena, Egypt.H. M.AhmedPlant Protection Res. Institute, Agric Res. Center., Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200504The obtained data from the used Poly Vinyl Chloride is a sermo plastic polymer (P.V.C.) traps which contained the corrugated card board represented the food source of subterranean termite, revealed that, the foraging population mostly differs according to season of year. Where, the minimum number of foraging population occurred in January.(1676) individuals. While, the maximum one were represented two peaks (9644 and 12357) individuals during April and August. The foraging population was decreased thought out May and June then decline in July then decreased gradually started from September to reach December. In general, 70913 individuals were collected from 280 m<sup>2</sup> all over the year with an average of 21.1 individuals/m<sup>2 </sup> or 88641.24 individuals as estimated number / feddan. The general average of caste composition were 77.62, 13.96, 4.50 and 3.91% for workers, nymphs, Soldiers and winged adults, respectively. The total number of workers and soldiers were 58238 individuals. The total number of soldiers were 3193 represented 57.82% of all individuals. These numbers were collected from 235 P.V.C. traps represented 247.82 individuals per trap.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701EVALUATION OF THE ROLE OF SOME BEE PRODUCTS AND PLANT MATERIALS IN CONTROLLING Varroa MITE (Varroa destructor) ON HONEYBEES4854938677110.21608/jppp.2010.86771ENK. M.MohannyPlant Protec. Dept., Fac. of Agric., South Valley Univ., Qena, EgyptJournal Article20200504
This work was conducted on honeybee colonies situated in the apiary of the experimental farm of Fac. Agric. South Valley Univ at Qena in the period from 3 Oct. till 28 Nov. 2009.to evaluate the effect of some honey bee products as well as two plant materials for controlling <em>Varroa</em> mite on adult worker bees and in sealed worker brood .The used materials were honey solution, bee venom solution, royal jelly solution, honey bee larval extract, El-ader(<em>Artemisia </em> <em>monosperma</em>) leaves extract, and worm wood (<em>Herba alba</em> <em>asso</em>.) extract. It was found that the reduction percentages in <em>Varroa</em> mite on adult bees were: 79.38, 74.15, 73.75, 66.54 57.67 and 49.13%, while the reduction percentages in <em>Varroa</em> mite in sealed worker brood were: 90.07, 89.83, 84.61, 74.08, 76.31 and 72.37% for the previous materials, resp. For control colonies, the percentage of infestation was increased from 36.00 to 48.25% on adult bees and from 22.40 to 28.20% in sealed worker brood.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701COMPARISON OF SOME SAMPLING METHODS FOR ADULTS OF Scymnus syriacus AND Coccinella undecimpunctata (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) ON SOYBEAN PLANTINIONS IN MANSOURA DISTRICT.4955048677210.21608/jppp.2010.86772ENA. H.Abdel-SalamEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.A. M.Abou-El NagaEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.A. A.GhanimEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.M. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.A. M.MohamedPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.Journal Article20200504Samplings of <em>S. syriacus</em> and <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> were carried out in Mansoura district, Dakahlia Governorate during 2008 and 2009 seasons. We examined several types of yellow sticky cards (vertically oriented cylinder, vertically oriented, two-sided traps and vertically oriented, one-sided traps) and sweep-net thin indirectly measured adult abundance based on activity and visual examination and whole-plant methods as two direct count sampling methods based on the census of adult on or from the plant.
The count of predator, <em>S. syriacus</em> was highly significantly effect by sampling methods. Sweep-net count more significant adult of <em>S. syriacus</em> than the other sampling methods during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Furthermore, in 2008 season, there were no significant notes between one sided sticky trap and whole-plant. In addition, there was no significant between cylinder sticky trap and two-sided sticky trap. In 2009 season, there was no significant between cylinder sticky trap, one sided sticky trap, and visual examination.
The relative variation of the sweep-net and one-sided sticky trap methods were significantly less than the other methods for sampling <em>S. syriacus. </em>Therefore, it is the optimum sampling methods and indicated greater precision for sampling <em>S. syriacus</em>. Sweep-net recorded the highest RNP compared with the other sampling methods. This indicated thin the sweep-net is the greater sampling efficiency.
The count of <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> was highly significantly effect by sampling methods in 2008 and 2009 seasons. Visual examination count more insects than sweep-net and whole-plant during 2008 and 2009 seasons. Visual examination had the lowest associated RV value in the first and second seasons (10.90 and 9.61, respectively). Visual examination had the highest calculated RNP value (most efficient) compared with all other sampling methods in the first and second seasons.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701INTERACTION BETWEEN ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, Meloidogyne incognita AND THE BACTERIUM, Ralstonia solanacearum ON POTATO5055188677310.21608/jppp.2010.86773ENM. A.BekhietPlant Pathology Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptA. M.KellaPlant Pathology Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptA. E.KhalilPlant Pathology Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptA. A.TohamyPlant Pathology Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200504Interaction between root-knot nematode, <em>Meloidogyne</em> <em>incognita</em> alone and in combination with the bacterium, <em>Ralstonia</em> <em>solanacearum</em> were evaluated on the growth of potato plants cvs. Diamant and Spunta,nematode reproduction and bacteria as well under greenhouse conditions.<br /> Results showed that potato cv. Spunta was highly susceptible to bacterial wilt disease than cv. Diamant. The possible combinations of <em>M</em>. <em>incognita</em> and <em>R.</em> <em>solanacearum</em> revealed that potato plants inoculated with <em>M.</em> <em>incognita</em> 10 days prior to bacterial pathogen’s inoculation showed higher bacterial wilt disease rating than those inoculated with both pathogens simultaneously with values of 3.95 and 3.45, respectively. The higher nematode galling index was noted on potato plants cv. Diamant than cv. Spunta with values of 2.32 and 1.92, respectively. <br /> Results also showed that plants receiving nematodes with bacteria added at the same time, the highest injury of nematode accompanied by the highest rate of build-up that recorded to be 30.83 and 22.15 for potato cvs,Diamant and Spunta, followed by the combination with <em>R.</em> <em>solanacearum </em>10 days after nematode inoculation that was recorded to be 26.78 and 20.35 for the same potato cultivars, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in both shoot and root fresh weights of the two tested cultivars infected with either pathogen alone or together. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES ON THE BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF Eutetranychus africanus (Tucker) (ACARI:TETRANYCHIDAE:PROSTIGMATA)5195248688810.21608/jppp.2010.86888ENHoria A.Abd El-WahabPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.S. A.HadiPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Naglaa F.RiadPlant Protection Research Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200504The effect of three temperature degrees (20, 25 and 30ºC) and 65±5%RH. on the biological aspects of<em>Eutetranychus</em> <em>africanus</em> (Tucker) were investigated. Threshold of development (t) and accumulated heats (k) for total immature duration development of <em>E.</em> <em>africanus</em> (Tucker)were calculated to be 15.7 ºC and 48.8 degree-days (DD<strong>`</strong>s, female). Development of egg stage required 61.6 & 65.6 dd<strong>`</strong>s above 13.4 ºC while generation period demanded 162.540dd<strong>`</strong>s , above 13.02 ºC and this value 155.9 dd<strong>`</strong>s above 8.05 ºC for Longevity.The accumulatedthermal heat units (T.U.) or effective degree-days estimated through the mite activity time. The aim of this part of investigation is to establish the velocity constants (i.e the relationship between temperature and speed of development).Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701EVALUATION OF CERTAIN SAMPLING METHODS FOR ADULTS OF Bemisia SPP. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) AND SOYBEAN STEM FLY, Melanagromyza cunctans MEIGEN (Diptera: Agromyzidae) ON SOYBEAN PLANTATIONS AT MANSOURA DISTRICT.5275388688910.21608/jppp.2010.86889ENA. H.Abdel-SalamEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.A. M.Abou-El NagaEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.A. A.GhanimEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.M. E.El-NaggarPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.A. M.MohamedPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.Journal Article20200504Sampling of <em>Bemisia</em> spp. and <em>M. cunctans</em> was carried out at Mansoura district, Dakahlia Governorate during 2008 and 2009 seasons. We examined several types of yellow sticky cards (vertically oriented cylinder, vertically oriented two-sided traps and vertically oriented, one-sided traps), three colored of water pan traps (yellow, blue and red), the plastic cup trap (CC trap), sweep-net that indirectly measured adult abundance based on activity and visual examination (leave-turn) and black pan methods as two direct count sampling methods based on the census of adults on or from the plant.
The count of <em>Bemisia</em> spp. was highly significantly effect by sampling methods. Among the sampling methods, cylinder sticky traps was caught the most adults of whitefly during the two seasons. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between one sided sticky traps, CC traps, black pan, vacuum sampler, whole-plant, and leaf-turn method. In addition, there were no significant differences between cylinder sticky and two-sided traps. The black pan had the lowest associated relative variation (RV) value in both seasons. Whereas, the whole-plant had the highest calculated RV value in the first season. While in the second season, the cylinder sticky traps had the highest calculated RV value. The black pan method had the highest calculated RNP value (most efficient) compared with all other sampling methods. Whereas, the vacuum sampler had lowest associated RNV value in both seasons.
The count of <em>M. cunctans</em> was highly significantly effect by sampling methods. Among the sampling methods, cylinder sticky traps caught the most adult of <em>M. cunctans</em> during the two seasons. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between yellow water pan traps, visual examination, and sweep-net. Moreover, there was no significant differences between one sided sticky traps, whole-plant, blue water pan traps, red water pan traps and two-sided sticky traps. The cylinder sticky traps had the lowest associated RV value in 2008 season. Whereas, in 2009 season, the two-sided sticky traps had lowest associated RV value. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701NEW TREND FOR Meloidogyne javanica MANAGEMENT BY Myrothecium verrucaria (DITERA) AS PROMISING BIOLOGICAL AGENT.5395588689110.21608/jppp.2010.86891ENA. E.KhalilNematology Division, Plant Pathology, Res. Inst., ARC. Giza Egypt.A. G.El-SherifNematology Res. Unit, Agric. Zoology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mansoura Univ., Egypt.M. A.BekhietNematology Division, Plant Pathology, Res. Inst., ARC. Giza Egypt.A. M.KellaNematology Division, Plant Pathology, Res. Inst., ARC. Giza Egypt.Journal Article20200504Evaluation of DiTera a commercial formulation of<em> Myrothecium verrucaria</em> against <em>Meloidogyne javanica</em> was examined in-vitro for mortality, greenhouse as well as field trials on tomato and grape using various rates and method of applications. In-vitro test revealed a positive correlation between <em>M. javanica </em>J<sub>2 </sub>mortality and biocide compound rate and concentration at various exposure periods. Larval mortality significantly increased with the increase of rates and concentrations from 10 up to 30%, as well, whereas, a slightly increase in <em>M. javanica </em>J<sub>2 </sub>mortalitywas insignificantly noticed according to the tested two temperatures. With respect to tomato greenhouse trial, all tested DiTera rates and type of applications obviously caused remarkable increase in tomato growth cv. Castle Rock. Among DiTera rates, treatment at 0.3 g / seedling ranked first in increasing percentage of fresh weight of the whole plant with values of 56.73, 41.70 and 77.32% for the three type of applications i.e. at planting, post planting and pre planting respectively. As the rates of DiTera increased from 0.1 up to 0.3 g/ seedling, the percentage increase values of such plant growth parameter increased from 21.26 to 41.70%; 36.6 to 56.73%; and 57.5 to 77.32% for post planting, at planting and pre- planting application, respectively. Similar trend was noticed for suppressing nematode parameters, where the pre-planting application ranked first with values of 85.2, 89.2 and 94.1%, for the rate of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g/ seedling, respectively. Moreover, It is worthy to note that there was a positive correlation between the rate of nematode build-up and DiTera compound rates, whereas this nematode criterion recorded to be the least value (0.26) by oxamyl treatment. Meanwhile, in tomato field trial, the rate of 0.3 g/ tomato seedling significantly decreased the number of galls on tomato roots with reduction percentages of 85.8, 71.0 and 59.7% for the pre-, at- and post- planting applications, respectively. All tested DiTera rates along with application times reduced tested nematode parameters. Among the three application times, the pre-planting method of adding DiTera compound accomplished the highest reduction percentages of nematode population densities with values of 74.3, 82.2 and 85.2 for 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g /plant respectively. Regarding grape greenhouse and field trials, all tested DiTera applications i.e. 2 g/plant 4 , 5, and 6 times at one week interval in both greenhouse and field trials obviously showed protection performance in grape plants cv. Thompson against nematode infestation of <em>M. javanica</em> in terms of reduction percentages of tested nematode parameters on grape roots as well. Likewise, as the addition of 2 g/ plant raised from four up to six times at one week interval, nematode criteria significantly decreased. Plants receiving DiTera treatments six times accomplished the highest reduction percentages in nematode parameters followed by that of five times and then four times applications. Moreover, oxamyl treatment twice at one month interval surpassed all tested DiTera application in suppressing nematode population, number of galls and eggmasses in both trials.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701GAMMA IRRADIATION AND REARING DIETS EFFECTS ON LARVAL GROWTH RATE, THE DEVELOPMENT AND THE REPRODUCTION OF Lasioderma serricorne F5595658689210.21608/jppp.2010.86892ENSalwa M.Abdel BakiBiological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center,Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.Hanan A.BoslyBiology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan , Saudia Arabia.Journal Article20200504The effect of different diets (Wheat flour, garlic , aniseed and Cumin) and gamma irradiation on the larval growth rate, the development and the reproduction of <em>L. serricorne</em> (F) were investigated. Newly hatched Larvae were irradiated by dosages 20, 40 and 60 Gy. There was variation of weight gain, feeding period and growth rate of Larvae according to the effect of type of food and the dosage of gamma ray. When larvae were fed on aniseed , the highest growth rate was recorded. There is an inverse relationship between, the larval growth rate and doses of gamma irradiation. Also the feeding period increased as the dose increased form 0 – 60 Gy in all types of diets.
Larval irradiation as newly hatched induced a reduction in percent pupation and adult emergence progressively as the dose was increased. The reduction reached maximum , when larvae were fed on garlic, while reached its minimum on aniseed. Fecundity , Fertility and longevity of the resulling adults were gradually reduced with the increase of the dose.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36771720100701EFFICIENCY OF THE FUNGUS, Beauveria bassiana (BALS.) AS A BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT AGAINST Ostrinia nubilalis (HUB.) AND Chilo agamemnon (BLES.) IN MAIZE AND RICE FIELDS AT KAFR EL-SHEIKH REGION5675758689310.21608/jppp.2010.86893ENM. M.MetwallyDepartment of Biological Control, Plant Protection Research Institute, Sakha, EgyptJournal Article20200504The present investigation was achieved at Sakha Agricultural Research Station during 2008 and 2009 seasons to evaluate efficiency of the fungus <em>Beauveria bassiana </em>(Bals.) as a biological control agent in field applications against the European corn borer, <em>Ostrinia nubilalis </em>(Hub.) in corn fields (2008 season), the lowest concentration (2.5×10<sup>7</sup>) induced 26.87% reduction, while 5×10<sup>7</sup> resulted 44.64% larval reduction, the highest concentration 1×10<sup>8</sup> conidia/ml resulted 58.23 % larval reduction.
Infested internodes were reduced in values ranging between 23.78% and 66.53 % at different <em>B. bassiana </em>concentrations. The highest concentration (1×10<sup>8</sup>) reduced number of holes and number of broken tassels by 60.03 and 73.28 %, respectively.
In 2009 season, reductions were 60.88, 62.63, 47.80 and 64.85 % for larvae, infested internodes, holes and broken tassels, respectively when the highest concentration (1×10<sup>8</sup> conidia/ml) was applied.
Treated rice plots (2008 season) by <em>B. bassiana </em>against the rice stem borer, <em>Chilo agamemnon </em>(Bles.) reduced dead hearts by 20.29, 43.59 and 55.0 % fifteen days post treatment. More reduction in dead hearts were obtained 30 days after treatment; 24.23, 50.17 and 71.88 % at 2.5×10<sup>7</sup>, 5×10<sup>7</sup> and 1×10<sup>8</sup> conidia/ml, respectively. Also, white heads were reduced, 30 days post treatment, by 34.87, 56.23 and 70.88 at 2.5×10<sup>7</sup>, 5×10<sup>7 </sup> and 1×10<sup>8 </sup>conidia/ml, respectively.
In 2009 season, 30 days after applications, dead hearts were reduced by 26.48, 51.68 and 73.30, while white heads were reduced by 35.34, 62.26 and 72.04 % for 2.5×10<sup>7</sup>, 5×10<sup>7 </sup>and 1×10<sup>8 </sup>conidia/ml, respectively. Thus, two sprays by the fungus at two concentrations could be applied to get sufficient reduction in reducing the infestation by <em>O. nubilalis </em>and <em>C. agamemnon </em>in maize and rice fields.