Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401EVALUATION OF SOME AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AS OLFACTORY STIMULANTS FOR ZIZYPHUS FRUIT FLY Carpomya incompleta (DIPTERA:TEPHRITIDAE) IN CHRIST'S THORN ORCHARDS AT QASSIM, SAUDI ARABIA3673778792710.21608/jppp.2014.87927ENN. M.Ghanim1. Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
2. Promising Research Center in Biological Control and Agricultural Information, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaN. F.Abdel-BakyPromising Research Center in Biological Control and Agricultural Information, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaM. A.Al-DoghairiPromising Research Center in Biological Control and Agricultural Information, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaA. H.FoulyPromising Research Center in Biological Control and Agricultural Information, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20200509The present investigation aims to evaluate the efficacy of six ammonium compounds (tri-ammonium phosphate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium acetate, ammonium chloride, ammonium thiocyanate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate) as lures for the adults of zizyphus fruit fly, <em>Carpomya incompleta</em> (Beeker) in Christ's thorn orchards under field conditions of Qassim area, Saudi Arabia. Each ammonium compound was tested by using five concentration (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%). Trap tests indicated that <em>C. incompleta</em> adults showed different degrees of preference for the different tested ammonium compounds. However, tri-ammonium phosphate attracted the highest numbers of <em>C. incompleta</em>. While, all concentrations of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate did not attract any females or males of <em>C. incompleta</em>. Tri-ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride exhibited their highest attractant at 5% concentration; however, mean CTDs were 6.30 and 0.47 adults. While, ammonium carbonate, ammonium acetate and ammonium thiocyanate exerted their highest efficiency at 1% concentration (CTDs were 3.63, 0.79 and 0.80 adults, respectively). On another hand, tri-ammonium phosphate, ammonium carbonate and ammonium acetate attracted females more than males. While, the rest of tested compounds’ concentrations attracted both sexes with no significant differences between them.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401ENHANCING VIABILITY OF ONION SEED USING SOME TREATMENTS3793928792810.21608/jppp.2014.87928ENE. A.MIbrahimField Crops Research Institute, Seed Technology Research Department Agric.Res.Center-Giza,EgyptA. M.S.KishkField Crops Research Institute, Seed Technology Research Department Agric.Res.Center-Giza,EgyptJournal Article20200509This study was performed at Seed Technology Research Unit, Mansoura. Seed Technology Research Department, ARC, to evaluate the efficiency of treating onion seed with Vitavax-thiram200,Bio-zeid,Bio-arec and Salcilic acid on seed germination, seedling vigor and seed-borne fungi of the tested cultivars(Giza Red, Giza 20,Giza 6 and Farmer seed) by blotter method.<em>Alternaria</em> sp., <em>Aspergilus </em>spp., <em>Botrytis allii</em>, <em>Drechslera</em> sp., <em>Epicoccum</em> sp., <em>Fusarium </em>spp.,<em> Pencillium</em> spp., <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em> and <em>Rhizopus</em> sp.were associated with onion seeds.Treatments of onion seeds with the Fungicide (Vitavax-200), Biotic (Bio-arec and Bio-zeid) and Abiotic (Salicylic acid) showed that the fungicidal treatment Vitavax-200 with recommended doses eliminated the mentioned fungi completely, but gave the lowest mean percentage of germination (MPG). Biotic gave the highest of MPG with all cultivars as compared with the control. Abiotic played an important role in enhancing seed viability with all cultivars and increased seedling length, especially root length when applied as seed soaking. Cultivar Giza 20 gave the highest (MPG) and vigorous followed by cv. Giza Red, cv. Farmer seed and cv. Giza 6. Bio-arec and Bio-zeid gave protection and less numbers of total pathogenic fungi of onion seed with high significant, salicylic acid reduced of diseases incidence in seedlings.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401EFFECT OF PLANTING DISTANCES, INTERCROPPING WITH ONION AND VARIETIES ON THE POPULATION OF Thripstabaci Lindeman ON GARLIC IN ASSIUT3934018792910.21608/jppp.2014.87929ENH. H.MahmoudPlant Protection Research Institute – Agricultural Research Center – Dokki – Giza – Egypt.Journal Article20200509The present studies includes were conducted to study the effect of planting distances (5, 10 and 15 cm.), intercropping with onion plants and garlic varieties on the population of <em>Thrips tabaci</em> Lindeman on garlic plants during two successive seasons (2010 /2011 and 2011 / 2012)inAssiut Governorate, Egypt, using the two garlic varieties (Egyptian and Chinese). Results indicated that the three mentioned variables have significant effect on the population of the insect pest. The plant distances were the most significant factor, with the high numbers of thripsclosest spacing (10 cm.) between plants. Intercropped garlic with onion showed that the garlic harbored lowest number of the pest whereas; in garlic solo the density of pest is high compared with intercropped with onion. Egyptian variety is lower infested than the Chinese variety one during the two seasonsMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401IDENTIFICATION OF THREE STRAINS OF Entomopathogenic bacteria Isolated FROM Culex spp. LARVAE AND THEIR POTENCY ON Culex pipiens LARVAE.4034138793110.21608/jppp.2014.87931ENR. A.AhmedEconomic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.Journal Article20200509Biological control alone or as a part of integrated vector management stands to be a better alternative to the chemical controls aimed against pest mosquitoes. Here, A screening for microorganisms that can be utilized as new host cells for mosquito larvicides was carried out. As persistence in the environment is required of host cells, the bacterial populations in mosquitoes collected from natural breeding ponds around Mansoura University was examined. Bacterial sequences were isolated using standard 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacillus species, especially <em>Lysinibacillus sphaericus</em> were found to be the dominant species andtoxic to <em>Culex</em> larvae, <em>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</em> was the second highly effect against culex larvae, <em>B</em><em>. </em><em>amyloliquefaciens</em> was isolated from <em>Culex</em> larvae for the first time in Egypt. <em>Cellulosimicrobium cellulans</em> also isolated and had the lowest effect. Detection and isolation of these bacteria offer a potential biocontrol mechanism as they possess high potential as novel host cells for application in mosquito control.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401GRAFT TRANSMISSION, CULTIVAR REACTIONS, IMPLEMENTING CULTURAL AND CHEMICAL CONTROL OF MANGO MALFORMATION DISEASE IN EGYPT4154308793210.21608/jppp.2014.87932ENHanan El-MarzokyAgricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture ,Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.A. A. S.MohamedAgricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture ,Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.Journal Article20200509Grafting malformed scions on healthy rootstocks of Succhari, Ewaise and Zebda cultivars recorded 80%, 72.2% and 64.7% disease transmission, respectively. In the same time, grafting healthy scions of the three tested cultivars on healthy transplant as control showed no disease transmission and all grafting transplants forming healthy growth for three years to present. Grafting healthy scions of Succhari cultivar beside apical malformation disease recorded 25 % disease transmission. On the contrary, grafting healthy scions of Zebda (resistant cultivar) beside apical malformation or in the same place after removing malformation recorded no disease transmission and all grafted transplants formed healthy growth to present. The obtained results indicate that grafting resistant healthy material is necessary to avoid disease transmission. However, grafting malformed scions of susceptible cultivar on healthy rootstocks of susceptible or resistant cultivars proved that the disease could be transmitted through grafting materials. On the other hand, sixteen mango cultivars were evaluated for the level of the panicle malformation disease intensity. Diseases intensity varied significantly among the evaluated mango cultivars. Mango cultivars have been categorized as resistant or susceptible according to their performance against the malformation disease under field conditions .Out of tested cultivars, Tymour, Company and Seddick were found to be susceptible, however, Fagr kelan and Zebda showed resistance to malformation. Unfortunately, the obtained results indicated that non of the cultivars are completely resistant to malformation.
The information generated from this study is useful to quantify and examine the level of susceptibility of mango cultivars to malformation and to provide bases for designing combinations among various cultivars for strategies leading to increase planting of mango tolerant strains. Effect of pruning malformed panicles on disease incidence indicates that pruning malformed panicles with 25-30cm away of healthy stem had a clear effect on decreasing the percentage of malformation. The three fungicides Octave, Tachigaren and Topsin –M showed a significant effect on controlling mango malformation of vegetative mango transplant ,naturally infected after removing the malformation .The obtained results indicate that the disease can be controlled by use of resistant cultivars, removal of diseased parts and spraying trees with selective fungicides <em>i.e.</em> Octave or Topsin –M.The results of the present studies will be helpful to minimize the losses inflicted by mango malformation. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401INFLUENCE OF SOME PLANT OILS ON SOME BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE COTTON LEAF WORM, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)4334468793410.21608/jppp.2014.87934ENAmal Marouf.Plant Protection Research Institute, Doki, EgyptJournal Article20200509The effectiveness of some essential oils -menthol, lemon and their mixture was evaluated under laboratory conditions against egg masses, 2nd instars larvae and pupae of cotton leaf worm, <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em>..
The obtained results indicated that the effect of the oils on <em>S. littoralis</em> eggs can be summarized as delayed embryonic development and ovicidal activity. According to the hatchability % of the treated eggs, data showed that at the lowest concentration (5000 ppm), of the mixture (35.8 ± 6.1%) , lemon (41.7 ± 4.7 % ) and menthol extracts (45.8 ± 7.8 %) caused a significant reduction in percent hatchability compared with control (90.3 ± 6.2 %). On the other hand ,mixture of menthol and lemon oils exhibited the highest toxic effect against egg stage followed by lemon and menthol extracts. However, the LC50 values were 456.09, 2130.13 and 3456.17 ppm, respectively.
The oils showed toxic and morphogenetic effects on <em>S. littoralis</em> 2<sup>nd </sup>instars larvae. Mixture of menthol and lemon was the most effective against 2<sup>nd</sup> instars larvae of <em>S.littoralis</em> followed by lemon and menthol alone. The LC<sub>50</sub> values were 6813.79, 11410.92 and 11944.89 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, the extracted oils had been shown to cause some morphological changes in treated larvae.
In respect to pupal stage, menthol caused the highest toxic effect against <em>S.littoralis</em> pupae followed by the mixture and lemon extract .on the other hand, all extracted oils caused malformations in the emerged moths
Effect of LC<sub>50</sub> of the plant extracts on 2nd instar larvae of <em>S. littoralis</em> was evaluated under semi-field conditions .Mixture was the most effective against <em>S.littoralis</em> larvae followed by lemon and menthol compounds. The LC<sub>50</sub> values were 6813.8, 11410.9 and 11944.9ppm, respectively. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SUNT STEM BORER, Macrotoma palmata F. (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) ATTACKING NAVEL ORANGE TREES IN SHARKIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT.4474548793510.21608/jppp.2014.87935ENS. HashimPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, MOA, Giza, Egypt.A. TadrosPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, MOA, Giza, Egypt.A. El-BassiounyPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, MOA, Giza, Egypt.Eman Abdel-HamidPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, MOA, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200509The population density of <em>Macrotoma palmata</em> F. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae),attacking Navel orange trees, were monitored at Sharkia governorate during the two successive years 2012 and 2013. The activity seasonal fluctuation in <em>M. palmata</em> population on Navel orange trees started from the 2<sup>nd</sup> half of May to 2<sup>nd</sup> half of October 2012 or 1<sup>st</sup> half of November 2013. Summer recorded the maximum flight (0.94-1.00 beetles/tree), followed by autumn (0.19-0.21 beetle/tree) and spring (0.08-0.10 beetle/tree), and stopped during winter. The total number of emerged beetles per year averaged 1.21-1.36 beetles / tree. It had one brood and there were 5.5 - 6 months of beetles' activity, yearly. The effect of weather factors on the borer activity was mostly positively significant with maximum, minimum, and daily mean temperatures, but negatively and insignificantly with day mean relative humidity. Number of emerged beetles was exeedigly doubled during only one year, thus should be highly considered in the integrated citrus pests control.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401YELLOW STICKY TRAP CATCHES AS INDICATOR FOR THE COTTON WHITEFLY Bemisia Tabaci (GENN.) POPULATION AND ITS PARASITOIDS4554718793610.21608/jppp.2014.87936ENS. AwadallaMansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture, Economic Entomology Department, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.M. BayoumyMansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture, Economic Entomology Department, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.M. KhattabPiercing-Sucking Insect Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, EgyptA. Abd El-WahabPiercing-Sucking Insect Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, EgyptJournal Article20200509The relationship between yellow sticky trap (YST) captures of <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> (Genn.) and its parasitoids, <em>Encarsia lutea</em> (Masi).and <em>Eretmocerus mundus</em> (Mercet).and those populations measured by leaf samples (LS) was evaluated. Traps were placed in experimental fields of cotton, soybean, and eggplant at Kafr El-Sheikh district during two successive seasons 2012 and 2013. Throughout the season, the trend of increasing numbers of parasitoidson traps paralleled the increase in numbers of whiteflies. Furthermore, the numbers of whitefly and parasitoid adults captured with YST were significantly correlated with those recorded from leaf samples of the three host plants, with an exception for parasitoids on soybean during both seasons. A relatively non- glabrous soybean leaf may be a suitable texture for parasitoid searching, resulting in high number of parasitoids visited and captured by YST followed by low numbers of parasitized hosts in this crop. The highest significant numbers of whitefly and parasitoid adults were captured by YST at 60 cm above the ground (≈ top of the plant) for the three host plants over each season. Vertical distribution of eggs by whitefly females on leaves near to the top of plant and on lower surfaces gives clear evidence that females are negative to temperature and extensive light. The number of parasitoidscaught by traps was higher than those recorded by leaf samples of the three plants. This might led to low parasitism rates and consider as disadvantage of YST. Because the same trend was recorded for whitefly on the three host plants, YST could be advantage for whitefly control (i.e., trade off). Nevertheless, sticky traps placed within crops may be useful for detecting changes in whitefly parasitoid populations at a particular site and specific locations. There were significantly differences among months in numbers of whitefly and parasitoid adults captured by YST with the highest numbers trapped in September of both seasons. Thus, regular treatments of insecticide applications should be stopped at that time to give the opportunities for biocontrol agents to regulate their host population.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401FIELD EVALUATION OF SOME FABA BEAN GENOTYPES RESISTANCE TO Liriomyza trifolii (BURGESS) AND Nezara viridula L. IN NORTH DELTA4734798793810.21608/jppp.2014.87938ENM. KhattabPlant Protection research Institute, ARC, Giza, EgyptE. KhalafallaPlant Protection research Institute, ARC, Giza, EgyptH SomaaPlant Protection research Institute, ARC, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20200509Thirteen faba bean (<em>Vicia faba </em>L.) genotypes and local variety Sakha 1 were evaluated for resistance to <em>Liriomyza trifolii</em> (Burgess) and <em>Nezara viridula</em> L. under field conditions of north Delta, Kafr El- Sheikh governorate during two successive seasons;2010/11and 2011/12.
Based on the grand mean of every insect in the two seasons, the results indicated that the highest number of <em>L.trifolii</em> larvae took place on genotype H-240A and H-240B, while the least number was recorded on H-1972B. The genotype H-1988 received the highest number of <em>N. viridula</em>, while the other genotypes exhibited low number without significant differences. According to the resistance degree to <em>L. trifolii</em>, the genotypes H-240A and H-240B appeared as highly susceptible, H-1970; H-1972A; H-1973; H-1988; H-1992 and H-243 appeared as susceptible, H-232; H-244 and Sakha 1 showed relatively resistant, H-230 showed moderately resistance, while H-1972B showed resistance. As for <em>N. viridula</em>, the genotype H-1988 appeared as highly susceptible; H-1970; H-1972A; H-1980; H-230; H-232; H-240A and H-243 appeared as susceptible, H-1973; H-1992; H-240B; H-244 and Sakha1 showed relatively resistance. The rest genotypes showed moderately resistance.
Finally, it could be concluded that the genotype H-1972B exhibits resistance to the two considered insects, consequently it can be involved in breeding programs as a source of resistance under north delta conditions.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401STUDIES ON GENETIC VARIATION OF FIELD COLLECTED PINK BOLLWORM, PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA (SAUNDERS) USING RAPD TECHNIQUE4814958793910.21608/jppp.2014.87939ENLaila Seleman1Plant protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center,Dokki, Giza.Journal Article20200509<span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span>
Five strains of the pink bollworm, <em>Pectinophoragossypiella</em> (Sanders)were used in the present study. The laboratory strain was used as a baseline in the molecular biology assays. Four strains were selected from natural populations; fields located in Menoufia, Gharbia, Dakalia and Kafel-Shiekh, Governorates. The molecular studies included the analysis of the plod genomic DNA of the tested strains under this study by using RAPD-PCR method. A battery of five primers was used to evaluate the mutagenic among the sex strains. One primer (C07) generated the highest numbers of fragments, in which the fragments were 25. Four primers (B20, C02, C05 and E07) generated 20, 14, 20 and 17 fragments; respectively. The molecular sizes ranged between.152.891 and 1979.767bp. The RAPD patterns resulted from amplification of DNA of the field colony strains and laboratory strain of the pink bollworm, <em>P. gossypiella</em> revealed that the lowest value of similarity index was (0.0%), which reflects the highest degree of change in DNA structure and sequence between the genomes of untreated pink and those exposed to a wide spread of different insecticides used for controlling the pest in the fields. On the other hand, the four primers B20 and C02, recorded similarity index 1.0 between the laboratory strain and Dakahlia&Kafrel-Sheikh field colony strains; respectively. The primer C02 recorded similarity index 1.0 between Menoufia and Gharbia field colony strains. The primer C05 recorded similarity index 1.0 between Gharbia and Dakahlia field colony strains. Also, the primer C07 recorded similarity index 1.0 between Gharbia and Kafrel-Sheikh field colony strains. It is interest to note that the less damaging effect to pink bollworm DNA could be attributed to a good detoxifying mechanism developed by the insect as a result of wide spread and long term exposure of insect larvae in additional to different insecticides used in the fields. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERSTICS OF THE TWO COCCINELLID PREDATORS Cydonia vicina nilotica Muls. AND Cydonia vicina isis Cr. (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) REARED ON ARTIFICIAL DIETS AND NATURAL PREY UNDER CONSTANT TEMPERATURE.4975088794110.21608/jppp.2014.87941ENNadia, MohamedPlant protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200509 Laboratory experiments were carried out in the Insectary of the Economic Entomology Department Faculty of Agriculture Mansoura University in the incubators under constant temperature of 26±1<sup>o</sup>C and 70±5 % R.H. to investigate some biological characteristics of the two predators <em>Cydonia vicina nilotica</em> Muls and <em>Cydonia vicina isis</em> Cr. when reared on artificial diets and natural prey <em>Aphis gossypii</em> Glover during 2012 year. The results revealed that the larval duration period was longer for the larvae of the two coccinellid predators reared on the three artificial diets compared with that reared on <em>A.</em><em>gossypii</em>. The data showed that the average longevity of <em>C. vicina nilotica</em> females were 47.7±4.18; 50.64±4.42 and 53.03±4.96 days while the average of deposited eggs per predator female were 342±5.11; 599.44±6.85 and 655.18±8.75 eggs when fed on AD1 ; AD2 and AD3 respectively . The average longevity of <em>C. vicina isis</em> females were 45.82±3.6; 50.59±3.82 and 52.61±4.17 days while the average of deposited eggs per predator female were 410.86±5.62; 632.46±9.37 and 695.78±12.67eggs when fed on AD1 ; AD2 and AD3 respectively. The longevity period of <em>C. vicina nilotica</em> female was 51.8±4.16 days and the number of deposited eggs per predator female averaged 680.95±9.84 eggs, while the longevity period of <em>C. vicina isis</em> female was 50.51±3.65 days and the number of deposited eggs per predator female averaged 718.56±10.75 eggs when the two coccinellid predator reared on <em>A.gossypii</em>. As conclusion also the AD3 was the best for rearing the two coccinellid predators. The statistical analysis showed significant difference in the fecundity of the two coccinelled predators which reared on the two artificial diets AD1; AD2 and the females which reared on <em>A. gossypii</em>, while the results cleared that non-significant between the AD3 and the females fed on natural prey <em>A. gossypii</em>. The results of this experiment assured the possibility of rearing these two predators successfully on artificial diets.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401IDENTIFICATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL RACES AND VIRULENCE OF THE YELLOW RUST FUNGUS ON WHEAT IN EGYPT.5095168794210.21608/jppp.2014.87942ENY. ShabanaPlant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EgyptA. ShahinPlant Pathology Research Institute, Department of Wheat Diseases, ARC, EgyptHend OmarPlant Pathology Research Institute, Department of Wheat Diseases, ARC, EgyptJournal Article20200509Stripe (yellow) rust caused by<em> Puccinia striiformis</em> f. sp.<em> tritici</em> (Pst) is one of the most important wheat diseases in Egypt and worldwide. Isolates of (Pst) collected during 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 were identified in 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 growing seasons, respectively. Seven physiological races were identified in the first season i.e., 0E0, 4E0, 16E2, 16E128, 16E130, 60E153 and 60E177; while in the second season, 13 physiological races were identified i.e., 0E0, 6E0, 2E0, 2E16, 4E0, 4E4, 6E5, 6E20, 18E16, 34E16, 34E20, 38E20 and 70E4. Race 0E0 was the most frequent one followed by 4E0 and 6E4. Results obtained showed that <em>Yr</em>1<em>, Yr5, YrSU</em>, and <em>YrSP</em> were the most resistant genes against yellow rust in both growing seasons, while <em>Yr7</em>, <em>Yr6</em> and <em>Yr6<sup>+</sup></em> were the most susceptible genes. These results are substantially important for wheat breeding programs for disease resistance.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF Spodoptera littoralis NPV ON THE LARVAL MIDGUT OF THE COTTON LEAFWORM, Spodoptera littoralis (BOISD.)5175268794310.21608/jppp.2014.87943ENA. El-BannaDept. of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo.Sara Abd El-KareemPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza.A. El-AkadDept. of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo.M. HusseinDept. of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo.A. FahmyDept. of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo.H. Bekheit. Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza.Journal Article20200509The histopathological effects of the commercial product Viruset<sup>®</sup> (based on <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> NPV) on the larvae of the cotton leaf worm, were investigated in the laboratory. Treatment of the 4<sup>th</sup> instar larvae with the bioinsecticide revealed many ultrastructural alterations in the midgut of the 6<sup>th</sup> instar larva. This is evident in the apparent alterations as in the cytoplasm, the nuclei, and chromatin. The use of this biocontrol agent is therefore quite promising against this pest.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401EFFECT OF SPINOSAD AND CONSULT AND THEIR MIXTURE ON THE FIFTH NYMPHAL INSTAR OF DESERT LOCUST Schistocerca gregaria (FORSK.)5275368794410.21608/jppp.2014.87944ENM. SaidDepartment of Locust and Grasshoppers, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Th. Abdel - FattahDepartment of Locust and Grasshoppers, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.H. SobhyNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, EgyptW. AzerNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, EgyptJournal Article20200509Laboratory studies were carried out in an attempt to disclose the effect of a bio-insecticide (Spinosad), and IGR (consult) and their mixture at different concentrations (19 ppm), (123 ppm) and (9ppm of spinosad+52 ppm of consult), respectively on one day old of the 5<sup>th</sup> nymphal instar of the desert locust, <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> (Forskal) by feeding technique.
the insect enzymes acid phosphatase and Phenoloxidase activities and total carbohydrates were affected fluctuated between increasing and decreasing after 2, 4 and 6 days of treatment with Spinosad (at LC<sub>50</sub> value), consult(at LC<sub>50</sub> value) and their mixture(at LC<sub>25</sub> values). acid phosphatase activity and phenoloxidase activity were dramatically declined in all treatments comparing with untreated nymphs. Highly significant decline were recorded in them by mixture. Consult caused more increase in the total carbohydrates but Spinosad and the mixture caused decrease in the total carbohydrates comparing with untreated nymphs. Highly significant decline were recorded in carbohydrate content by Spinosad.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF THE CHITIN-SYNTHESIS INHIBITOR, HEXAFLUMURON (CONSULT), SPINOSAD (TRACER) AND THEIR MIXTURE ON THE DESERT LOCUST, Schistocerca gregaria (FORSKAL)5375468795910.21608/jppp.2014.87959ENM. SaidDepartment of Locust and Grasshoppers, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Th. Abdel-FattahDepartment of Locust and Grasshoppers, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.H. SobhyNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, EgyptW. AzerNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo University, EgyptJournal Article20200509Laboratory experiments were carried out in an attempt to disclose the effect of a bio-insecticide (Spinosad), an IGR (consult) and their mixture at different concentrations (19ppm), (123ppm) and (9ppm of spinosad+52ppm of consult), respectively on one day old of the 5<sup>th</sup> nymphal instar of the desert locust, <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> (Forskal) by feeding technique.
Total proteins, lipids and cholesterol contents were determined after 2, 4 and 6 days of treatment with Spinosad (at LC<sub>50</sub> value), consult(at LC<sub>50</sub> value) and their mixture(at LC<sub>25</sub> values). Total proteins, total lipids, total cholesterol, Highly significant decline were recorded in them by mixture.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401LABORATORY EVALUATION OF NEEM AGAINST THE FIFTH NYMPHAL INSTAR OF Schistocerca gregaria (FORSKAL)5475558796010.21608/jppp.2014.87960ENE. MohamadLocust and Grasshoppers Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. CenterTh. Abdel - FattahLocust and Grasshoppers Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. CenterH. SobhyNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo UniversityW. AzerNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo UniversityJournal Article20200509Laboratory studied were carried out in an attempt to disclose the effect of antifeedant (Neem) at different concentrations on one day old of the 5<sup>th</sup> nymphal instar of the desert locust,<em> Schistocerca gregaria</em> (Forskal) by feeding technique. Results showed that Neem caused 42% mortality after 12 days from treatment of LC<sub>50</sub> values. Neem decreased the THC after 2 and 4 days while significant decreased after 6 days compared to control. The free amino acids were non significant between Neem and control after 2 days while significant decreased after 4 and 6 days from treatment. The trehalase was non significant between Neem and control after 2 days while increased after 4 and 6 days from treatment. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36775420140401EFFECT OF CASCADE ON THE FIFTH NYMPHAL INSTAR OF DESERT LOCUST Schistocerca gregaria (FORSKAL)5575658796110.21608/jppp.2014.87961ENE. MohamadLocust and Grasshoppers Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. CenterTh. Abdel - FattahLocust and Grasshoppers Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. CenterH. SobhyNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo UniversityW. AzerNatural Resources Department, Institute of African Research and Studies, Cairo UniversityJournal Article20200509Laboratory studied were carried out in an attempt to disclose the effect of IGR (Cascade) on one day old of the 5<sup>th</sup> nymphal instar of the desert locust,<em> Schistocerca gregaria</em> (Forskal) by feeding technique.
The chitinase activity was significant increased between Cascade and control after 2, 4 and 6 days after treatment. The protease activity was significant increased between Cascade and control after 2, 4 and 6 days after treatment. Cascade was decreased the Alkaline Phosphatase activity after 2, 4 and 6 days from treatment. Cascade was increased ALT and AST activity after 2, 4 and 6 days compared to control.