Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367751020141001POPULATION DENSITY AND SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF RODENT SPECIES AT SHEEP FARMING IN El-KAWTHER REGION, SOHAG GOVERNORATE, EGYPT9039078800510.21608/jppp.2014.88005ENA. DesokyPlant Protection Department (Zoology), Fac. Agric., Sohag UniversityS. BaghdadiAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar UniversityH. AhmedAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar UniversityJournal Article20200509 The present work aimed to give an idea about the incidence and distribution of rodents species in sheep farms at SohagUniversity during December, 2012 till November.2013. Results revealed the presence of three species of rats included the Lesser garbia, <em>Gerbillus </em>sp.,(1.08%);the Nile grass rat, <em>Arvicanthis niloticus</em> (4.44%.), and the white bellied rat, <em>Rattus rattus frugivorus</em> (94.27%.).On the other hand, the highest populations of rodent species were recorded in spring (34.41%) and summer (29.03%) followed by autumn (20.79% and winter (15.77%), respectively. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367751020141001FEASIBILITY OF USING CHLORAL HYDRATE TO INCREASE THE TOXICITY OF PARAPHENYLENEDIAMINE (PPD) AGAINST THREE RODENT SPECIES UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS9099178800610.21608/jppp.2014.88006ENS. BaghdadiAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar UniversityA. DesokyPlant Protection Department (Zoology), Fac. Agric., Sohag UniversityH. AhmedAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar University.M. AboshoshaAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Al-Azhar University.Journal Article20200509The present work aims to use three concentrations (1, 2 and 3%) of Chloral hydrate adding to 4% Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) (Saudi, 2012) in order to improve of PPD against three rodent species: Norway rat, <em>Rattus norvegicus, </em>Nile grass rat, <em>Arvicanthis niloticus </em>andhouse mice, <em>Mus musculus </em>under laboratory conditions. The results showed a high rate of consumption of the bait when using with the low concentrations of Chloral hydrate. While the 4% PPD without additions were the first in bait consumption. Rodent females consumed high rate of baits as compared with males. The consumption were (45.60 and 63.60), (56.80 and 83.80), (21.20 and 32.20 g/animal) for males and females of Norway rat, <em>R. norvegicus, </em>Nile grass rat, <em> A. niloticus </em>and house mice, <em>M. musculus</em> respectively. Mean of consumed baits were: 48.43, 76.38 and 27.13 g/animal Norway rat, <em>R. norvegicus, </em>Nile grass rat, <em>A. niloticus, </em>andhouse mice, <em>M. musculus</em> respectively. The results also indicated that the period of stay alive of tasted animals increases gradually with an increasing of Chloral hydrate (carried on crushed maize) compared to using also control bait. Females were most durable and lasted the longest life comparative with males for all rodent species tested. These periods were (9.10 and 12.90), (8.00 and 11.85), (7.75 and 13.05 day) for Norway rat, <em>R. norvegicus, </em>Nile grass rat, <em> A. niloticus </em>and house mice, <em>M. musculus</em>, respectively. Also Norway rat, <em>R. norvegicus</em> showed a longer period of survival than the other two species. On the other hand, the reduction in weight of the males of the three tasted rodent species was less than the reduction in weight of females when using Chloral hydrate concentrations carried on crushed maize.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367751020141001EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MODIFIED ATMOSPHERES, AN ALTERNATIVE TO METHYL BROMIDE ON DIFFERENT STAGES OF SAW TOOTHED GRAIN BEETLES, Oryzaphilus surinamiensis (L.) (Coleptera: Silvanidae)9199298800810.21608/jppp.2014.88008ENM. El-MohandesEnvironment and Bio-agriculture Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.M. HashemDepartment of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo Univ., Giza, Egypt.A. HussainDepartment of Economic Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.S. GhazyEnvironment and Bio-agriculture Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200509
The present study aims to evaluate effectiveness the modified atmospheres of larvae and adults of the saw-toothed grain beetle, <em>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</em> based on either high carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) contents or high nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) contents at optimum conditions (25°C and 65±5 % RH). The experiments were carried out using 20, 40, and 50% CO<sub>2</sub> as well as 97 and 98% N<sub>2</sub> gases in the air at different exposure periods.
The mortality was recorded at exposure periods; 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144 h. Results showed that the larvae and adults mortalities of <em>O.</em> <em>surinamensis</em> responded to modified atmospheres (MAs) enriched with either CO<sub>2</sub> or N<sub>2</sub> and increased significantly (P < 0.01) with increasing either exposure time length or gas concentration. MAs enriched with N<sub>2</sub> were more effective than those contained CO<sub>2. </sub>Modified atmospheres tested had strong effects against all stages of <em>O. surinamensis</em>. Six days were adequate to kill larvae and adults completely under all tested modified atmospheres contained different concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub>. Five days were required to kill larvae were required completely under the two modified atmospheres contained 97 and 98% N<sub>2</sub> whereas 72 h to kill adults under the same concentrations. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367751020141001EFFECT OF RODENTICIDE (DIFETHIALONE) ON ROOF RAT, Rattus rattus AND NORWAY RATE Rattus norvegicus IN LABORATORY9319378800910.21608/jppp.2014.88009ENY. A. E.Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Dokki,group A, EgyptE. YassinPlant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C. Dokki,group A, EgyptJournal Article20200509 In this study, Difethialone 0.0025 % in diet within 3 days non-choice feeding test caused complete mortality for <em>R. norvegicus</em> and <em>R. rattus</em> indicating that they were susceptible to Difethialone. The bait consumption and corresponding active ingredient intake was more in <em>R. rattus</em> than <em>R</em>. <em>norvegicus</em>. The mean intake values for <em>R. rattus</em> being 3.1 and 2.64 mg/kg group A and 2.6 and 2.65 mg/kg group B for males and females, respectively and for <em>R. norvegicus</em> 1.93 and 2.29 mg/kg at group A and 2.14 and 2.09 mg/kg group B for males and females, respectively. Within one day non-choice feeding test the obtained results showed that it caused mortality ranged between 60–70 % for <em>R. norvegicus</em> and 50–60 % for <em>R. rattus</em> for both sexes.The higher intake values of active ingredient for died rats recorded to the males of <em>R. rattus </em>group A (1.45 mg/kg) while males of <em>R. norvegicus</em> group A recorded the lower value (0.77 mg/kg).The higher mean death time was recorded to the males of <em>R. norvegicus</em> group B (8.5 days), the lower value was recorded for females of <em>R. rattus</em> group B that the more of feeding days test, Difethialone within 2 days non-choice feeding test caused mortality between 70-80 % for both species at two regions. The higher values were recorded for male of <em>R. rattus</em> group A (2.25 mg/kg), while the lower values were recorded for female of <em>R. norvegicus</em> group B (1.39 mg/kg). The mean values of time to death showed that male of <em>R. rattus</em> recorded the higher values (6.16 days), while females of <em>R. norvegicus</em> showed the lower value group A (4.75 days<strong>).</strong>Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367751020141001ESTIMATION OF INJURY CAUSED BY HOUSE SPARROW, Passer domesticus niloticus (L.) IN WHEAT CROP AT ASSIUT GOVERNORATE9399458801010.21608/jppp.2014.88010ENM. OmarAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ. Assiut branchM. El – DanasouryAgric. Zoology and Nematology Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo.Journal Article20200509The present work was carried out to estimate the damage caused by the house sparrow (<em>Passer domesticus niloticus</em> L.) in the pre harvest stage of wheat crop at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Research Center of Faculty of Agriculture AL – AzharUniversity at Assiut governorate, Egypt. This work was an attempt to study, the relationship between the losses caused by house sparrow and the planting nearby of buildings, animal husbandry and trees of orchards. The obtained results revealed that the highest damage of wheat occurred at the nearby cultivations of buildings and animal husbandry (25.87 & 19.20%). On the other hand, the lowest damage was observed in the nearby cultivations of orchards (9.33%). The statistical analysis of data revealed that a highly significant differences between the percentages of damage for the distances toward the middle of the cultivated field, (42.80, 7.40 & 3.30%) respectively. Also, there is a highly significant difference between the percentages of damage for both the date of planting i.e. the early and late date and moderate date. But, it is insignificant difference between the percentages of damage for both the early and late date (14.93 & 14.40%) respectively.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-367751020141001INFLUENCE OF BIOFERTILIZERS FOR MINIMIZING WHITEFLY, BEMISIA BIOTYPE (B) (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) POPULATION IN SQUASH, WITH EMPHASIS ON NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS9479578801210.21608/jppp.2014.88012ENM. El-NaggarPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.M. HassanFaculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.A. Al- SherefFaculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.Enas MostafaPlant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20200509Squash is considered as one of the important vegetable crops in Egypt. <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> (Genn.) Biotype (B)(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the serious pests of squash cultivation and farmers are indiscriminately using high dose of hazardous chemicals to minimize pest damage that ultimately affecting the soil, ground water, environment and consumers health. Three squash cultivars namely Revera, Eskandarany and Mabrouka were cultivated during Nili 2011 and 2012 seasons in Qualubia Governorate to evaluate its susceptibility to the whitefly <em>B. tabaci</em> Biotype (B) infestation. Also the present work dealt with the relationship between the whitefly populations and some plant leaves nutritional components. The results indicated that the cultivar Eskandarany was the most susceptible cultivar to whitefly infestation when treated with AZ+50% NPK and cultivar Revera was tolerant when treated with AZ+B+H+50% NPK. While the cultivar Mabrouka was moderately infested when treated with NPK. This work also observed the population densities of <em>B. tabaci</em> Biotype (B) <em> </em>immature on the three tested cultivars was insignificantly negative with iron and manganese, On the other hand, the relationship with most bio-fertilizer treatments was insignificantly positive with phosphorous and potassium elements.