Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Effect of Arak (Salvadora persica) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.) Extracts on Foulbrood Bacteria In vitro2152265027410.21608/jppp.2016.50274ENM. E.HashishHoneybee Res. Dept., Plants Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Giza.A. M.KhattabyHoneybee Res. Dept., Plants Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Giza.M. M.KhattabPlant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ., Egypt.R. E.OmarPlant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ., Egypt.I. A.GaaboubPlant Prot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20190929<strong> </strong>
The antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of both Arak (<em>Salvadora persica</em>) and Cinnamon (<em>Cinnamomum spp.</em>) plants was evaluated on the foulbrood bacteria under the laboratory conditions instead of the synthetic antibiotics [it is surmised that is first time to evaluateArak plant against the honeybee foulbrood pathogens]. The major antimicrobial constituents (total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins) were determined quantitatively in the extracts using the spectrophotometer technique. The results showed these extracts had significant antibacterial effects against the selected pathogens, <em>Paenibacillus larvae</em> and <em>Melissococcus pluton</em>.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Evaluation of Actinomycetes Isolates as A Biocontrol Agent Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) and Fusarium oxysporum2272325027510.21608/jppp.2016.50275ENAbeer M.MohammadFaculty of Science & Arts – Al-Dayer , Jazan University
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Ares. CenterJournal Article20190929According to soil isolationtechniques, 23 isolates of actinomycetes were obtainedfrom different soil samples in KSA and Egypt. All isolates were examined for their biological activity against both, the pest<em>Spodopteralittoralis</em> (Boisd.),also the plant pathogen <em>Fusariumoxysporum</em>. Results illustrated that, three isolates, named DI,DV and FII exhibited high efficacy against the 4<sup>th</sup> instar of <em>S. littoralis</em>, with mortality percentage 70, 80and 60%respectively. Also, other stages'development of <em>S. littoralis</em>were affected. Meanwhile, metabolites of 20 isolates showed antagonistic activity against <em>F.oxysporum</em>, including the 3 isolates which showed efficacy against the insect pest, the % of inhibitionranged from67 – 49 %.These 3 isolates were belong to the species <em>Stryptomyceslavendulae</em>and<em>Str. clavuligerus.</em>Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Comparative Studies Between Zinc Phosphide and Oshar Leaves Extract As A Rodenticide Against Norway Rat Rattus Norvegicus (Berkenhout) Under Laboratory and Field Conditions2332365027610.21608/jppp.2016.50276ENY. A. E.EisaPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptE. M. A.YassinPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190929The rodenticidal effect of ethanolic leaves extract of Oshar, <em>Calotrips procera</em> (Ait.) was studied comparatively with zinc phosphide under laboratory and field conditions at (Qaha region) Qaluobia Governorate against the Norway rat, <em>Rattus norvegicus</em> (Berkenhout). Results showed that zinc phosphide was more toxic than Oshar extract whereas the acute oral LD<sub>50</sub> values were 0.27 and 88.0 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The efficiency test showed that in non-choice and free-choice feeding test a bait containing 1 % either zinc phosphide or Oshar plant extract gave 100 % mortality with short time to death for zinc phosphide treatment. Oshar bait was more palatable to mice than zinc phosphide with 56.2 and 40.6 % bait acceptance, respectively. Under the field condition, zinc phosphide caused 78.4 5 % reduction whereas Oshar plant extract reduced 66.5 % the population of the Norway rat, respectively.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Artificial Hatching of Monovoltine Silkworm Bombyx mori L. Eggs by Using Hydrochloric Acid2372405027910.21608/jppp.2016.50279ENSawsan M.AbdelmegeedPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20190929The present work was carried out to investigate artificial hatching of eggs of silkworm <em>Bombyx mori </em>L, Eggs were treated at 0, 12, 24 and 36 hours after oviposition by different dilutions of HCL ;1: 1.5, 1 : 2.0 and 1 : 2.5 (water to HCL in volume) at different exposure times; 5, 10 and 15 minutes. The eggs were incubated at 25°C aiming to rear the insect all over the year for different purposes. The results obtained may be summarized as follows. High hatchability percentages appeared in eggs treated after 24 hours from egg laying (more than 90% hatching). But when the time of immers on was prolonged to 36 hours, the percentage of hatching decreased. In the case of 0 and 12 hours, the percentage of hatching was so low. Hatchability was decreased when the concentration and the time of dipping of HCl increased, especially in the eggs with the age of 12 and 0 hour period, but hatchability increased in case of the eggs of 36 hours age when concentration and dipping time in HCl were increased. Larval mortality increased among larvae which were produced from eggs of 0 and 12 hour age in their second, third, fourth and fifth instars, but decreased in case of larvae which resulted from eggs treated at 24 and 36 hours age in larvae second, third, fourth and fifth instars.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Influence of Species and Different Varieties of Mulberry Trees on Consumption and Nutritional Efficiency of The Silkworm Larvae Bombyx mori L. Under Temperate Climate of Egypt2412455028410.21608/jppp.2016.50284ENSawsan M.AbdelmegeedPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20190929Silkworm larvae were fed on the leaves of four mulberry trees<em>)Morus nigra </em>and three different varieties of <em>Morus alba </em>(Indian, Balady and Romi) ) soon after hatching (newly hatched larvae) and during the larval stage. The results revealed that the maximum body weight of larvae occurred in larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. nigra </em>being 3.071 g. The larval duration was prolonged to 29 day in larvae fed on <em>M. nigra</em> and <em>M. alba </em>Indian, leaves. While the larval duration was 27 and 25 day inlarvae fed on <em>M. alba </em>Balady and <em>M. alba </em>Romi, respectively. The maximum total weights of consumed and digested leaves by larvae (third, fourth and fifth instar) were 18.104g and 6.451g when larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. nigra, </em>respectively. The maximum efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food to body substance in fifth instar larvae was 21.24 and 66.47% when larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. alba </em>Romi, respectively. On the other hand, The minimum efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food to body substance in fifth instar occurred in larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. nigra</em>, (14.87% and 42.95 %, respectively). The maximum weight of fresh and dry cocoons was found in larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. nigra, </em>(1.449 and 1.305 g, respectively). The maximum length and weight of silk filament occurred in larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. nigra, </em>(1146 m and 0.23 g, respectively). The highest number of laid eggs was 420.7 occurred larvae fed on leaves of <em>M. nigra</em>. According to the chemical analysis, Percentage of total carbohydrate, protein, phenols as gallic acid and crude fibers (3.1916%, 21.00%, 1.168 % and 13.74%, respectively) were higher in leaves of <em>M. nigra, </em>than leaves of <em>M. alba</em>. <em> </em> Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Influence of Some Leguminous Vegetable Plant Varieties As Host Plants on The Seasonal Abundance of The Leafhopper and Planthopper Insects.2472555028510.21608/jppp.2016.50285ENH. A.EL- KadyEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Damietta Univ.E. F.AL- KhyattPlant Prot., Dept., Fac. Agric., Banha Univ.Hagar S. S.AwadallaEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Damietta Univ.M. A.M.HegabEconomic Entomology Dept., Fac. Agric., Damietta Univ.Journal Article20190929The present work was conducted to survey and study the seasonal abundance of different leafhopper and planthopper insects infesting some leguminous plants (broad bean ,pea ,cowpea and bean plants)as well as their varieties in Diarb–Nigm district, Sharkia Governorate ,Egypt during 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons. The collected insect pests by using sweep net from leguminous plants were the leafhopper and planthopper insects specially, <em>Empoasca decipiens</em> (Paoli), <em>Empoasca decedens</em> (Paoli) , <em>Cicadulina chinai</em> (Ghaui)<em>, </em>, Balclutha hortensis,(Lindb.),Nephotettix apicalis (Matsch) and planthoppers, <em>Sogatelle vibix</em> (Haupt) and<em> S. furcifera</em> (Horv.) . High population abundance for <em>E. decipiens</em> occurred on broad bean and pea plants during the fourth week of Febrauary.While in case of cowpea and bean plants two peaks of abundance were recorded at the second week of July and the second week of August, respectively. On the other hand, <em>E.decedens</em> had one peak of abundance at the second week of March for broad bean and pea plants. On cowpea and bean plants two peaks were also recorded at the second week of July and the second week of August, during the two successive seasons, respectively.Varieties such as broad bean, pea, cowpea and bean plants influenced the population density of leafhoppers, Cream7 cowpea, Bronco bean, Master B pea and Improved Giza 3 broad bean varieties showed lowest mean number of insects/sample. Chemical analysis results showed a positive relationship between protein & carbohydrate contents and the average number of the leafhopper insects on all tested leguminous plant varieties ,while a reverse relationship between pH values &leafhopper insect and also with quantity of yield was also shown.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Efficacy of Predacious Mite, Phytoseiulus, Presimilis and The acaricide, Ortus in Cntrolling the Spider Mits, Tetranychus urticae on Eggplant at Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt2572605029010.21608/jppp.2016.50290ENH. A.AzouzPlant Protection Research Institute A.R.C. Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190929In this study, the evaluation of some control methods against the two-spotted spider mite, <em>Tetranychus urticae</em> Koch on Eggplant <em>Solanum melongen</em> L. was carried out under field conditions at Beni-Suif Governorate, Egypt in season 2014.The predatory mite <em>Phytoseiulus persimilis</em> Athias-Henriot, (Acarina: Phytoseiidae), and The acaricide (Ortus) 5% E.C were tested. Obtained results showed that the total average number of the mite population was significantly different with control (F= 75.37, P < 0.0001 & EV = 87.6%), with the mean reduction percentage of significance (F= 56.31, P < 0.0001 & EV = 84.07%).The mean reduction percentage of the mite population on Eggplant cultivars using the released predatory mite <em>P. persimilis</em> at rate of 30 adult predators/eggplant seedling was significantly the highest reduction (82.74%), followed by (Ortus) (77.27%). The second trial included the released predator at levels 20 and 10 adult predators/eggplant seedling and gave the highest reduction at the level of 20 adult predators/eggplant seedling (70.71 and 61.43%). It could be concluded that the using <em>P. persimilis</em> at rate of 30 adult predators/eggplant for controlling <em>T.urticae</em> was superior than using The acaricde , Ortus 5% (E.C)Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Laboratory Evaluation of Some Physical Barriers Against Subterranean Termites For The First Time in Egypt2612645029110.21608/jppp.2016.50291ENA. R.EL-BassiounyAgric. Res. Center, Plant Protection Res. Inst. Dokki, Giza., EgyptJournal Article20190929Data in metal shield revealed, that termites failed to cross through the metal shield of Galvanized iron throughout the tested period, recorded that zero%. Termite tunneled in the sand layer during seven days and individual died inside the tunnels, and showed an inability to move in the tunnels after the first week. In case of test breaking glass barrier data showed crossed termites recorded 3 individual at rate of 0.6 and 7 individual after 30 days at the rate of 1.4 with average 0.4% and one tunnel created on body of transparent box from the inside. Data of thick plastic bags after 15 days crossed termite counted 11 individuals at rate of 2.2 and 19 individual at the rate of 3.8 after 30 days, with average 1.2% of all tested replicates, termites crossed through the tunnels created in sand layer directly, and also the other horizontal showed from the bottom of transparent box. Data of gravel after 15 days calculated 53 termites crossed at rate of 10.6 and 105 after 30 days at rate of 21.0, the average% for crossed termite counted 6.32%, tested barrier did not cause monitoring tunnels which created vertically. It is worth to mention that, few of horizontal tunnels numbers of termites were detected in the bottom of transparent box.Totally; the four tested physical barriers showed differences between them to prevent the termites from crossing through the barrier. The metal shield was better to prevent termites from passing through it, followed by breaking glass, thick plastic bags and gravel. Data in control counted 71.6% crossed termites from total of tested replicates. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences for all tested physical barriers but, there were strong significant differences with control, and the differences between the tested times 15 and 30 days were significant. The physical barriers can be used down wood and regular floors.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Plant Protection and Pathology2090-36777420160401Population Density of The Tortoise Beetle, Cassida vittata, Vill. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and The Role Predators on Sugar Beet at El-beheira Governorate2652725029310.21608/jppp.2016.50293ENS. I.AskarDepartment of plant protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour UniversityJournal Article20190929The study carried out at three districts of El Mahmoudia, Damanhur and Rashid, El Beheira Governorate, Egypt during the two successive seasons 2011/12 and 2012/2013 . Under filed climate,<em> C.</em> <em>vittata</em> was appeared in sugar beet as adults with a few numbers in the last week of December, while eggs were appeared week later.the tortoise beetle<em> C. vettata </em>in all stages observed high numbers in the second season 2012/13 comparative with season 2011/12. On the other hand, only five species of insect predators were recorded on the sugar beet crop during the survey period. The dominant one of the predators was <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> adults which observed with high number and for long time. Temperature was effected negatively significant on <em>C</em>. <em>vettata</em> in the first season more than in the second while related humidity not observed any effect in the pest population during the two successive seasons.