Environmentally Safe Non- Traditional Control Measures of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus. Oliv. (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) in Palm Orchards in Egypt

A relatively safe control measures conducted to control Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Oliver (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in palm orchard at El-Kattatba district, (Menofia governorate). The percentages reduction of infestation for the used 7 applications for one year treatment (2016), two successive years (2016 and 2017), and three successive years (2016, 2017 and 2018) were, ranked, as follow; A: Horticultural treatments: 1) offshoots removal (27.73 increased to 34.87 then 38.88%), 2) pruning with dusting agricultural sulfur (15.06 increased to 17.65 then 19.24%), 3) offshoots removal and pruning with dusting agricultural sulfur (34.06 increased to 39.50 then 45.69%). B: Chemical treatment: 4) local painting with hydrated lime and spraying orange oil (80.57 increased to 85.08 then 89.58%), 5) local injection with recommended insecticide (61.35 increased to 71.01 then 79.16%). B: Chemical treatment: 6) offshoots removal and pruning with dusting agricultural sulfur together with local painting with hydrated lime and spraying orange oil and using pheromone traps treatment resulted in 86.03% increased to 88.24% then 96.39%, and 7) offshoots removal and pruning with dusting agricultural sulfur together with local injection with recommended insecticide treatment resulted in 68.78% increased to 78.15% then 91.78%. This study aimed to eliminate the pesticide use, decrease the environmental pollution and encouraged the role of the biological control agents.