Monitoring of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Groundwater Samples from Sana’a City (Yemen) by Gas Chromatography Using Solid Phase Extraction Method

Awadh, G. A. M.; Hashim, M. A. A.

doi:10.21608/jppp.2018.41260

Monitoring of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Groundwater Samples from Sana’a City (Yemen) by Gas Chromatography Using Solid Phase Extraction Method

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Plant Protection Dept., Fac. of Agric., Sana’a Univ., Sana’a, Yemen

10.21608/jppp.2018.41260

Abstract

Residue values of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in groundwater samples from Sana’a, the capital of Yemen, are reported. A total of 60 water samples from 10 main sampling sites in Sana’a City were extracted with the extraction solvents (Dichloromethane : hexane; 3:1) and Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) method was used for the extraction of residues in water sample. The analysis of the 18 OCPs (4,4-DDD, 4,4-DDE, 4,4-DDT, a-endosulfan, a-HCH, aldrin, b-endosulfan, b-HCH, d-HCH, dieldrin, endosulfan sulfate, endrin, endrin aldehyde, endrin ketone, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane and methoxychlor) was carried out by capillary gas chromatography equipped with an electron capture detector (⁶³Ni), split/splitless mode. Three residues of 18 targeted OCPs were found in 3 samples only. Among the various pesticides analyzed only, aldrin (0.0002 μg/l), dieldrin (0.0007 μg/l) and 4,4-DDT (0.0005 μg/l) were found in the groundwater samples. For all compounds examined, all concentration levels of residues were found to be within WHO and European Economic Commission Standards (EEC) for drinking water quality.

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