Toxicological and Biological Effect of some Oils and their Nano-Emulsions on Spodoptera littoralis

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza.

2 Pesticide department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura university.

Abstract

The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, is a significant agricultural pest responsible for considerable damage to a wide range of crops. Consequently, there is a pressing need for alternative control strategies that are safer than conventional chemical insecticides. Nanoemulsions derived from certain plant oils exhibit broad-spectrum biological activities and possess low toxicity, making them promising candidates for use in integrated pest management programs. In the present study, we successfully bio-fabricated some plant extracts using their oils. This study evaluates, for the bioactivity of Cymbopogon citratus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Capsicum annuum oils and their nano-emulsion against 2nd instar larvae of S. littoralis. We evaluated their toxicological and biological effects across various developmental stages of the insect including the increase in larval and pupal mortality when treated with nano emulsion than its oil, reduced larval and pupal weight, lower adult emergence, decreased fecundity. The three oils gave high mortality rates and low values of LC50 and LC90 for the larvae.Cytotoxicity evaluations revealed no harmful effects on honeybee populations, indicating their potential safety for non-target beneficial insects. These findings suggest C. citratus, C. zeylanicum and C. annuum nano-emulsion as potential and environmentally safe alternatives to conventional chemical insecticides

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