MANAGEMENT OF KHABRA BEETLE ADULTS, Trogoderma granarium (EVERTS) ON WHEAT GRAIN USING SOME SAFE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL MEASURES OF CONTROL UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

ِLaboratory experiments was conducted to evaluate the adverse action of six plant powders (red pepper, nigella, kidney bean, green peas, cumin and clove), three chemical insecticides (pirimiphos methyl ,spinosad and lufenuron) and four  environmental temperatures (10,15,25 and 40 ^oC)against the insect species under study, Trogoderma granarium using an incubator. Two types of packages ,glass jars and plastic bags were also used for investigating the effect of package kind on the tested insect under the four tested temperatures
The capacity of packaging were studied to prevent tested insect from infesting wheat grain ,two assay methods were used ,package of one layer and package of two layers. Percentage of damage was estimated. The results revealed that the two layer bags greatly reduced the damage of wheat grain by T. gnanarium adults compared to that of one layer only. Results demonstrated that the high mortality  percentages of T. granarium  adults were found in polyethylene bags after 3 and 7 days of exposure periods at 40 ,25,15 and 10 ^oC respectively. The highest mortality was found with 10 ^oC followed by 40,15 and 25 ^oC .
The effect of three tested factors together(kind of package, temperatures and insecticides) was higher than that of the two factors of package and temperatures only. The obtained data also revealed that pirimiphos-methyl had the highest effect on T. granarium adults compared to spinosad and lufenuron. Lufenuron produced the least effect on the tested insect species among the tested insecticides.